تدريب Shadowing: Can Europe stand up to China on trade? | The Economist - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية مع YouTube

C1
China is a giant threat.
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China is a giant threat.
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And I am really struck.
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When I talk to some of your colleagues at the top of this commission,
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they talk about the threat that China's cheap exports flooding the world
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are so large that you could be talking about the destruction of entire sectors of European industry in a very few years.
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Is that the level of threat that you see?
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I think that that's clearly the perception and I think we have also the figures clearly to underpin it.
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I'm very open about the fact that the trade as we have it right now between China and Europe is simply unsustainable.
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I mean, we cannot create deficit 1 billion euros a day.
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That's right, right?
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The trade deficit is running at 1 billion euros a day.
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1 billion euros a day.
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And we see that
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if you look just from top of my head over the last five years
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that the Chinese export increased by something like 50% and our exports to China decreased by 30%.
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On top of it, we see that a lot of European companies is kind of squeezed out from the third market.
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So really, that's what you would call in basketball the full court pressing.
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And therefore, I believe that we also need very firm,
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regular, structural engagement with Chinese counterparts how to deal with that,
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because clearly we have a huge trade with them.
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We are faced with a lot of problems.
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And I want, again, to prevent some kind of additional drama with the structured engagement,
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because I believe it's clearly necessary.
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But to take a step back,
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I mean, dialogue is great dialogue is lovely,
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but it's pretty clear that China's ambition,
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it's not just about arguments about this or that market access.
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China currently makes, it's 30% of all global industrial production is in China.
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The UN's estimate is that goes to 45% by the end of this decade.
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So almost half of everything made in a factory in the whole world we've made in China,
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and yet they only consume 13% of global production.
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So that is an extraordinary amount of stuff that has to go somewhere.
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America's closing itself off.
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You're the last open rich world market.
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I mean your outgoing top trade officials said this is an imbalance that the world cannot digest.
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So dialogue is great but don't you actually have to threaten really serious measures?
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You know new instruments, the overcapacity instrument people talk about or even you know
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I think that in my experience I really believe that people
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and partners react better to engagement than to threats and
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that I'm sure that I will use this approach until I conclude my public service.
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And I think that what's very clear and I can tell you that we are not shy
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about how we are messaging this to our Chinese counterparts,
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or we would have to resort to more of these safeguards measures simply to protect the European market.
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But what I can also say is that we'll be always respecting international trading law,
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WTO methodology, and we will do it in a very transparent way.
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But there's a gap, isn't there,
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between you describing this absolutely unsustainable flood of Chinese exports into Europe and kind of not wanting to have confrontations,
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wanting to keep dialogue going.
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So let's talk about a recent Chinese threat.
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If you want to have a Chinese factory in Europe,
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you have to use European components,
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you have to hire European workers and you have to transfer technology.
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You're trying the same kind of jujitsu move on China that China used on Western companies so successfully 20,
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30 years ago.
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What was China's response?
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A threat.
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There will be countermeasures.
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This is totally unacceptable.
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So China is ready to fight tough.
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Are you ready to take some pain to show China
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that they have to play a different game if they want to keep access to European markets to invest in Europe?
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I think that I would really advise against any threats or any...
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But they're the ones making the threats.
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They make the threats on 27th of April.
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So what do you do?
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What you do is that we of course are very clear about the fact
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that we are going to fight tooth and nail for every factory,
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for every job in the European Union.
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And I was very very clear about that,
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but I would not be sending,
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you know, the threatening messages over the wires to my Chinese counterparts
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because I want to talk to them and I want to go through,
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I would say, the, you know,
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sectors by sector situation where we clearly have a problem and what are the measures we can undertake together.

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عن هذه الدرسة

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المفردات والعبارات الأساسية

  • تهديد - Threat
  • صادرات رخيصة - Cheap exports
  • فائض تجاري - Trade deficit
  • مشاركة في السوق - Market engagement
  • إنتاج عالمي - Global production
  • إجراءات لحماية السوق - Safeguard measures
  • التعاون الدولي - International cooperation
  • تقنية تحويلية - Technology transfer

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