Pratique du Shadowing: Academic Writing: Beyond the Five-Paragraph Essay - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec YouTube

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From VOA Learning English, welcome to the Education Report in Special English.
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From VOA Learning English, welcome to the Education Report in Special English.
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Millions of students have been taught a formula that has nothing to do with chemistry or mathematics.
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The formula is for writing a five-paragraph essay.
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First, write an introductory paragraph to state the argument.
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Then add three paragraphs of evidence.
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Finally, write a conclusion.
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Linda Bergman is director of the Writing Lab at Purdue University in Indiana.
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Her job is to help students,
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including international students, improve their writing.
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Professor Bergman has worked with many students who learned this traditional five-paragraph formula.
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She says international students sometimes have difficulty with this formula if they learned a different writing structure.
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But just knowing how to write a five-paragraph essay is not
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going to be enough for a college student who has to write a longer academic paper.
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As Professor Bergman notes, the formula is too simple to deal with subjects that require deeper thought and investigation.
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Karen Gosik works for the Institute for Writing and Rhetoric at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire.
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The Institute has a big library of online writing materials on its website.
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So what are the qualities that make up good writing?
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Karen Gosik says there are no simple answers except maybe for one.
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That is, there is no formula that students can follow to guarantee a well-written paper.
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In some cultures, students organize their paragraphs to build toward the main idea at the end of the paper.
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American college students are usually expected to state their thesis at the beginning of their paper.
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And American professors generally want students to use short sentences.
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For VOA Learning English, I'm Alex Villarreal.

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Context & Background

In the realm of academic writing, the traditional five-paragraph essay has been a standard structure taught to millions of students. However, this formula, while useful for beginners, often falls short of meeting the complex demands of higher education. In a recent Education Report, experts from renowned institutions discuss the limitations of this approach, especially for international students who may be accustomed to different writing frameworks. Linda Bergman from Purdue University and Karen Gosik from Dartmouth College emphasize that effective writing goes beyond mere structure; it requires a nuanced understanding of the subject matter. This is particularly important for aspiring college students aiming to fulfill their academic writing requirements.

Top 5 Phrases for Daily Communication

  • "There is no formula for well-written papers." - This phrase highlights the importance of creativity and thought in writing.
  • "Students may organize their paragraphs differently based on culture." - Acknowledge the influence of cultural background on writing styles.
  • "State your thesis at the beginning of your paper." - An essential guideline for American academic writing.
  • "Use short sentences for clarity." - A recommendation for enhancing readability in English composition.
  • "Writing requires deeper thought and investigation." - Emphasizes the need for critical engagement with the topic.

Step-by-step Shadowing Guide

To effectively tackle the complexities of academic writing, particularly when transitioning from the five-paragraph format, consider the following steps in your shadowspeak practice:

  1. Watch the Video: Start by watching the entire video to grasp the speakers' perspectives. Focus on their tone and pace, which will aid in your english speaking practice.
  2. Repetition: Use shadow speak by repeating phrases exactly as the speakers say them. Pay close attention to pronunciation and intonation.
  3. Understanding Context: After each segment, pause and reflect on the message. Ask yourself how these insights can apply to your writing or speaking.
  4. Engage in Reflection: Write a brief summary of what you learned from the video. This will enhance your comprehension and can also help you in your IELTS speaking practice.
  5. Discuss with Peers: Find a language partner to discuss your reflections. This practice will allow you to use the newly learned vocabulary and phrases in a conversational context, further solidifying your knowledge.

Remember, the goal of shadowspeaks is to build speaking fluency and confidence by mimicking native speakers. By practicing these steps, you can improve not only your academic writing skills but also your overall communication abilities in English.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

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