Pratique du Shadowing: Why isn't the world covered in poop? - Eleanor Slade and Paul Manning - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec YouTube

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The Dung Beetle Somewhere near you, an animal is defecating.
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The Dung Beetle Somewhere near you, an animal is defecating.
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In fact, each day, the animal kingdom produces roughly enough dung to match the volume of water pouring over the Victoria Falls.
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So why isn't the planet covered in the stuff?
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You can thank the humble dung beetle for eating up the excess.
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Capable of burying 250 times their body weight in a single night,
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these valiant insects make quick work of an endless stream of feces.
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Over 7,000 known species of dung beetle run cleanup duty across six continents, everywhere except Antarctica.
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A dung beetle's first task is to locate dung.
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Some live on the anal regions of larger animals,
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ready to leap off when they defecate.
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Others sniff out feces that animals leave behind.
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A pile of elephant dung can attract 4,000 beetles in 15 minutes.
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So once a beetle finds dung,
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it must work quickly to secure some of the bounty for itself.
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Most dung beetle species fall into one of three main groups— rollers, tunnelers, and dwellers.
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Dung rollers sculpt a ball of dung,
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and using their back legs,
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quickly roll it away from competitors.
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Potential partners jump on the ball,
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and once the ballmaker has selected their mate,
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the pair dig their dung ball into the soil.
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Once it's been buried, the female lays a single egg within the dung ball.
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Tunnelers have a different approach.
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Digging underneath a pad, some drag dung down into the soil and pack it into clumps known as brood balls,
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dung balls, or dung sausages,
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depending on their shape and size.
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Male tunnelers sport a spectacular array of horns to fight each other for control of these tunnels,
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which they then defend until the females laid her egg.
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Some male tunnelers avoid the fray by masquerading as hornless females
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and sneaking into tunnels to mate while the guardians' heads are turned.
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The third group of dung beetles,
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dwellers, take the most straightforward approach,
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laying their eggs directly into a dung pad.
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This makes their offspring more vulnerable to predation than those of the tunnelers and rollers.
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As the larvae feed, they riddle the dung pat with tunnels,
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leaving remains that are quickly colonized by bacteria and fungi and weathered away.
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Inside a tunnel, ball, or pat,
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once the larvae hatch, they consume the dung before metamorphosing into a pupa and then an adult beetle.
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Besides clearing dung, the actions of these beetles have considerable ecological importance.
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For one, they serve as secondary seed dispersers.
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Dung from monkeys, wild pigs,
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and other animals is riddled with seeds from the fruits they eat.
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When beetles bury their dung balls,
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they inadvertently protect these seeds from predators and increase the likelihood they'll germinate.
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The advantage is so great that one South African plant has evolved to produce seeds that look and smell like dung,
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like dung, to trick beetles into burying them.
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Dung beetles also play important roles in agricultural systems.
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Livestock like cows and sheep produce huge amounts of dung,
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which contains nutrients that can benefit plants.
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The beetles break up the dung and tunnel it deep into the soil,
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bringing the nutrients into close contact with plant roots.
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Their services to farmers have been valued at $380 million a year in the US
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and 367 million pounds a year in the UK.
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Dung beetles can even help us battle global warming by reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with farming.
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Microbes living in oxygen-poor livestock dung produce methane, a potent greenhouse gas.
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But beetles oxygenate pats when they tunnel into them,
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preventing the microbes from producing methane.
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The dung beetle spreads seeds,
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helps farmers, and fights climate change,
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and accomplishes it all simply by doing its business.
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Maybe next time you come across some dung in the forest or a field,
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you'll be tempted to take a closer look.
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If you want to learn more about nature's pooper scoopers,
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We highly recommend Animal Weapons by Douglas J.
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Emlin.
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This book includes more wildly fascinating facts about dung beetles and digs deep into the survival strategies of animals around the world.
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Read our full recommendation and snag a copy by visiting ed.ted.com slash books.
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Check out the comment section to learn more.

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Why practice speaking with this video?

This intriguing video delves into the fascinating world of dung beetles and their critical ecological roles. By watching and engaging with this content, you can improve your English speaking skills while learning about an unusual yet vital topic in nature. As you practice speaking, you will have the opportunity to discuss complex concepts such as animal behaviors and environmental significance, which can enrich your vocabulary and fluency.

Using the shadowing technique, you can mimic the speaker’s intonation and cadence, ultimately enhancing your spoken English. This technique not only helps with pronunciation but also aids in internalizing grammatical structures and expressions naturally. Engaging with dynamic and informative content like this empowers you to practice your English in context, making your learning experience more relevant and enjoyable.

Grammar & Expressions in Context

The speaker uses several interesting grammatical structures and expressions that can be valuable for your language learning. Here are a few key examples:

  • “Some live on the anal regions of larger animals”: This phrase uses prepositional phrases effectively. Notice how "on" indicates location, which is a common structure in English.
  • “Once a beetle finds dung, it must work quickly”: The use of the modal verb “must” expresses necessity, a crucial aspect of English modal verbs that conveys obligation.
  • “The actions of these beetles have considerable ecological importance”: This sentence highlights the passive voice, which is often used in scientific contexts. Practicing such structures will help you sound more formal and academic.
  • “The advantage is so great that one South African plant has evolved”: This example illustrates the use of cause and effect, a crucial connector in English writing and speaking that helps clarify relationships between ideas.

Practicing these structures will enable you to express complex ideas more succinctly and effectively, which is essential for advanced English learners.

Common Pronunciation Traps

As you engage with this video, pay attention to certain words and sounds that may present challenges. For instance:

  • "dung beetle": The "d" and "b" sounds may lead to difficulty; practice saying them in quick succession.
  • "metamorphosing": The syllables in this word can be tricky; practicing the rhythm and breaking it down into smaller parts will help improve your English pronunciation.
  • "ecological": Make sure to stress the second syllable to sound more natural.

Utilizing resources like learn English with YouTube can aid you in perfecting these aspects of speech. Additionally, try incorporating the shadowspeak method to refine your skills, as you mimic the pronunciation and intonation of the speaker. To make the most of your learning experience, find a reliable shadowing site where you can practice with similar content.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

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