शैडोइंग अभ्यास: How the world learned to love fast food ⏲️ 6 Minute English - YouTube के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें

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Hello.
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This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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I'm Phil.
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And I'm Beth.
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Love it or hate it, there's no doubt fast food is popular.
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Are you a fast food fan, Beth?
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Erm, not really, no. I think sometimes it can be quite convenient, obviously because it's quick, but not really.
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Well, whatever you think about them, fast food brands like KFC, Domino's and of course the big one, McDonald's, are incredibly successful.
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In this programme we'll be discussing the global spread of fast food from its beginnings in 1950s America.
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As usual, we'll be learning some useful new words and phrases.
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But first, I have a question for you Beth.
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Roughly how many fast food restaurants are there in the UK?
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Is it a 4,000 b 42,000 or c 4 million?
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I'm going to go for b 42,000.
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OK, well later on we'll find out the answer.
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In the United States, cheap and easy food like hamburgers, french fries and milkshakes have been popular since the 1950s.
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Listen as Adam Chandler, author of the book Drive-Thru Dreams, which traces the history of american fast food tells bbc world service program the food chain how it all got started
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At the heart of the story of fast food is a very anyone-can-do-this sense.
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A lot of the company founders didn't have a college degree, who didn't have a high school degree in a lot of instances, didn't come for money, were oftentimes just people who were ready to plug themselves into a system that would work for them.
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And it did.
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it made opportunity very, very easy in a time when that was a new part of the American experience.
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So it was the American dream in a very small way that became the American dream in a very big way.
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The rise of fast food reflected the rise of American economic power after the Second World War.
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When Adam says that this lies at the heart of the story, he means it's the most important part of the story.
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In the 1950s, when the famous brands we know today were just beginning, anyone with a can-do attitude could sell fast food.
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A can-do attitude describes someone who is confident and determined to fix problems and achieve results.
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Which is exactly what happened at successful restaurants like Kentucky Fried Chicken and McDonald's.
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For many, these fast food brands symbolised the American Dream, The idea that anyone in the United States can achieve success through hard work and determination.
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The success of KFC, McDonald's, and the rest wasn't limited to America.
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Nowadays you can visit two McDonald's on opposite sides of the planet and eat exactly the same meal.
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But not every country opened its arms in Welcome, the tiny island of Iceland for one.
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Andy Sophia Fontaine, who used to work in McDonald's, now edits the Iceland Review.
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she tells BBC World Service programme The Food Chain how McDonald's got a frosty reception when it started selling burgers in Iceland's capital, Reykjavik.
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There's been a long-standing burger culture in Iceland.
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They have their own take on the hamburger, wherein they'll use lettuce and raw cucumbers and a type of fry sauce.
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That's called a the Schallpulbúrgari or shop burger and that's been around for ages.
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Yeah, so McDonald's, they struggled to try to maintain a market.
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The final nail in the coffin was the global financial crisis in 2008-2009.
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Iceland already had a long-standing tradition of eating burgers, a tradition that had existed for a long time.
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For example, the Schallpull Bulgari, or shop burger, was a take on, or variation of, the American hamburger.
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McDonald's weren't as successful in Iceland as they'd been elsewhere, and the global financial crash of 2008 was the final nail in the coffin, an event which caused the failure of something that had already started to go wrong.
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To this day, there are no McDonald's in Iceland, unlike Britain, which reminds me of your question, Phil.
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Yes, I asked you how many fast food restaurants there are in Britain.
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I asked you if there were 4,000, 42,000 or 4 million, and of course the answer is 42,000, so you were right.
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Well done.
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OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've learnt, starting with at the heart of, meaning the most important part or the cause of something.
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If you say that someone has a can-do attitude, you mean they are confident to take action, fix problems and deal with new challenges.
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The American dream is the belief that everyone in the USA has the opportunity to be successful and happy if they work hard.
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The adjective long-standing means having existed for a long time.
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A take on something means a variation or new way of presenting it.
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And finally, the idiom the final nail in the coffin refers to an event that causes the final end of something that had already started to fail.
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Once again, our six minutes are up.
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But why not head over to the BBC Learning English website where you'll find a worksheet and quiz, especially for this programme.
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See you there soon!
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Goodbye!

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लोकप्रिय

इस पाठ के बारे में

इस पाठ में, आप तेज़ भोजन के वैश्विक विस्तार के बारे में जानेंगे, जो 1950 के दशक में अमेरिका से शुरू हुआ। आप इसे एक समस्या हल करने वाले दृष्टिकोण के साथ कैसे समझा सकते हैं, इस पर ध्यान केंद्रित करेंगे। इस सामग्री के माध्यम से, आप उपयोगी शब्दावली और वाक्यांशों का अभ्यास करेंगे, जो आपको अंग्रेजी में अपनी बोलचाल को बेहतर बनाने में मदद करेंगे। याद रखें, यूट्यूब से अंग्रेजी सीखें और अपने अंग्रेजी उच्चारण में सुधार करने के लिए इस पाठ का उपयोग करें।

मुख्य शब्दावली और वाक्यांश

  • अमेरिकी सपना - यह विश्वास कि अमेरिका में हर कोई कड़ी मेहनत करके सफल हो सकता है।
  • कैन-डू अटिट्यूड - आत्मविश्वास के साथ कार्य लेना और समस्याओं को हल करना।
  • लॉन्ग-स्टैंडिंग - बहुत लंबे समय से मौजूद।
  • टेक ऑन - किसी चीज का एक नया रूप या प्रस्तुति।
  • विपरीत तरफ - कोई चीज का दूसरा किनारा, जैसे कि दो देशों में समान भोजन।
  • फास्ट फ़ूड - जल्दी में बनने वाला भोजन, जैसे कि हैमबर्गर और फ़्रेंच फ़्रेज।
  • बर्गर संस्कृति - विशेष प्रकार के बर्गर खाने की परंपरा।

अभ्यास सुझाव

इस वीडियो की गति और स्वर को ध्यान में रखते हुए, shadowing तकनीक का उपयोग करें। पहले कुछ बार वीडियो को ध्यान से सुनें और समझें। फिर, वीडियो के बोलने वालों के साथ उच्चारण करते हुए बोलने का प्रयास करें। उन्हें सुनें और उनके शब्दों को दोहराएं। इस प्रक्रिया में shadowspeaks और shadow speech तकनीकों का उपयोग करें, जिससे आप बेहतर अंग्रेजी उच्चारण में सुधार हासिल कर सकें। सही तरीके से बोलने के लिए, यूट्यूब से अंग्रेजी सीखें और इसे नियमित रूप से अभ्यास में लाएँ। उपयुक्त गति के साथ बोलते समय ध्यान दें कि आप ध्वनि की लहर को कैसे पकड़ते हैं और उसे अपने उच्चारण में शामिल करते हैं।

शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?

शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।

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