シャドーイング練習: Are you unhappy at work? ⏲️ 6 Minute English - YouTubeで英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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Hello. This is Six Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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Hello. This is Six Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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I'm Neil. And I'm Beth.
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Have you ever had a horrible boss, not been paid enough or simply got tired of doing the same old boring jobs?
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I love presenting Six Minute English, of course, but some of my previous jobs have been pretty awful, Neil.
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When I waitressed in cafes, I was on my feet ten hours a day.
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It was exhausting!
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Most people have had bad work experiences at one time or another. Maybe a job that was boring, badly paid or just working too much and getting burned out – lacking energy or enthusiasm because of working too hard.
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But does it have to be like this?
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Since most of our waking day is spent at work, how can we make sure our job doesn't make us unhappy?
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That's what we'll be discussing in this programme and, as usual, we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary as well.
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Sounds good, Beth, but first I have a question for you. The worst job I ever had was the summer I spent working as a portable toilet cleaner at music festivals.
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But, according to a recent survey by Forbes Magazine, what was voted the worst job in the UK? Was it: A. a call centre worker?
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B. a bartender? or C. a traffic warden?
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I think the answer might be a call centre worker.
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OK, Beth. I'll reveal the answer later in the programme.
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Now, it's interesting that survey was carried out in the UK because being unhappy at work could be related to the British working culture which emphasises working at a fast pace.
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Here's Damian Grimshaw, a professor of Employment Studies at King's College London speaking with BBC Radio 4 programme, Analysis.
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Really it's all about pace, cost efficiencies, meeting targets and deadlines. So, this is why, when people do surveys of what we call 'work intensity', so how hard you work are you driven on pace?, is there a supervisor breathing down your neck?, we score really badly compared to European countries.
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Compared to some European countries British workers have to meet more targets and deadlines – a time or date by which a particular job must be finished. The pressure to work quickly means you might have your boss breathing down your neck – an idiom meaning that someone is watching you very closely and checking everything you do – not a nice feeling to have at work.
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That's right. A good job is about more than pay and conditions.
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It's one that uses your talents and gives you some choice over how and when you work. In 2022, Britain's biggest employer, the National Health Service, or NHS, lost more than 15,000 nurses, many quitting because of the long and inflexible working hours.
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Another sector with long working hours is the construction industry. Low paid, dirty and physically demanding construction workers also risk high levels of work-related injury.
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Here, Emma Stewart, co-founder of social business, Time Wise, tells BBC's Radio 4 programme, Analysis, about her trial project to help builders enjoy their jobs more.
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In the work that we've done within the construction industry, we have trialled what we would call an output-based way of working, which means we shift away from the sense of presenteeism, this sense of: you are paid by the day, you are on site from seven in the morning until the last person leaves, maybe seven in the evening...
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to a task-based way of working, which means you're going to do five tasks over the course of this day, when you've done those tasks, and you've done them well, you can go home, but we will still pay you the same amount for the day.
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They were able to deliver the projects that we worked on with them on time, on budget, but, critically, the feedback from workers was that work-life balance scores doubled and they were able to reduce the amount of overtime that they did. It's a win-win.
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Emma describes the current working patterns using the word presenteeism – staying at work longer than usual or going to work when you're ill to show that you work hard, but this isn't an effective way to work.
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Emma thinks a task-based approach is better both at getting the job done and for improving work-life balance – the amount of time you spend at work, compared with the amount of time you spend relaxing with your family and doing things you enjoy. In other words, flexible working is a win-win – a situation that's good for everyone involved.
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Maybe more flexible working would help some of the jobs I mentioned earlier in my question, Beth.
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According to a recent Forbes magazine survey, what was voted the worst job in the UK?
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I guessed it was a job I've done myself – working in a call centre. That was... the correct answer!
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Although I think my summer job cleaning toilets was even worse.
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Right, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned from this programme, starting with burnout – lack of energy or enthusiasm because of working too hard. A deadline is the time by which a particular job must be done.
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If someone is breathing down your neck, they're watching you very closely and checking everything you do. Presenteeism means staying at work longer than usual to show your employer that you work hard and are important to them. Work-life balance is the amount of time you spend doing your job compared with the amount of time you spend doing things you enjoy.
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And finally, a win-win is a situation or result that is good for everyone.
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Once again, our six minutes are up.
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Join us again next time, but for now, get back to work! Goodbye. Bye.
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この動画で会話練習をする理由
この「Six Minute English」シリーズのエピソードでは、職場での幸福感について議論しています。職場のストレスやバーンアウト（燃え尽き症候群）について触れられており、多くの英語を話す機会があります。この動画を使って、英語を話す練習をすると、リスニング力や表現力を向上させることができます。また、自分の感情や経験を英語で表現する力を養えます。
文法と文脈における表現
この動画には、いくつかの重要な文法構造と表現があります。以下にいくつかの例を挙げます：
- 〜に関して (relating to): 何かに対して話をする際に使います。「職場でのストレスに関して」というフレーズは、特定のトピックへの焦点を当てます。
- 〜することがある (have had): 経験を語る表現で、「多くの場合、悪い仕事の経験を持ったことがある」という使用方法があります。
- 〜する必要がある (need to): 何かを行うための必要性を示します。「職場での幸福感を確保するためには、何をする必要があるのか」という文脈で使用されます。
これらの構造を練習し、shadow speechを通じて自分の口から自然に出てくるようになることが重要です。効果的な英語シャドーイングをすることで、よりスムーズに会話を楽しめるでしょう。
発音の注意点
この動画には、いくつかの発音が難しい単語やフレーズがあります。特に注意が必要な点を以下にまとめました：
- burnout: [バーンアウト]という発音で、特に「ノウト」の部分が難しいと感じるかもしれません。正しく発音するためには、口をしっかりと開いて発音しましょう。
- presenteeism: [プレゼンティズム]という複雑な単語もあります。この言葉の音節を分けて練習し、繰り返すことで発音の精度が向上します。
- work-life balance: こちらは言葉の流れがスムーズである必要があります。言葉をつなげて発音する技術が求められます。
これらの言葉を繰り返し練習しながら、英語の発音を良くするためのテクニックを取り入れましょう。shadowspeaksによって、聞いた音を自分の身体で反応できるようになります。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。