シャドーイング練習: How book bias shapes culture without us noticing | Liza Marie Garcia | TEDxSugar Creek Women - YouTubeで英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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in the last year in 2025 there were 7 000 books that were either challenged or completely removed
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in the last year in 2025 there were 7 000 books that were either challenged or completely removed
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from our bookstores from libraries from school all across the united states this actually was the highest number in over two decades.
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There were also in fact 4,000 book titles that were targeted based solely on the book title to be banned.
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All of this according to the American Library Association.
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Now those numbers, those statistics surprised me,
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but not really because of the numbers
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because it revealed something deeper not about books about who decides
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so let me ask you a question please please raise your hands
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if you didn't realize those books you're reading right now were chosen by someone else raise your hands
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if you didn't realize
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that most of us didn't thank you in fact many of
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us had never really even thought about it bias it's not malicious it's subtle
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and in publishing subtle bias doesn't announce itself it comes in
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as taste it can come in as preference subtle bias can come in as what's good for society
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so for the past nine years i've really had both the privilege
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and the pleasure of working in this wonderful industry called publishing.
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I've been able to help clients achieve their dreams of becoming published authors.
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I've worked with highly skilled editorial teams and personally I'm proud to say that I helped launch over 80 books
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and from that experience I've learned that publishing doesn't just reflect culture, It shapes it.
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And when a select group of people can decide which stories are worthy to be published,
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it's society that inherits their blind spots.
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Moreover, when a homogeneous group decides which stories matter, perspective narrows.
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So there was a moment early in my career in publishing that really helped shape my views.
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We were working to publish a manuscript,
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get it ready for publication.
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It was a powerful story.
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It was a memoir.
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I remember it was very well written and it was a deeply personal account.
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And when the time came in our process for me to proof the manuscript,
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I stopped at one word.
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It was the F word.
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Without hesitation, I contacted the client.
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I told the author that we would not be spelling out that word fully.
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Seemed like a reasonable decision at the time, responsible even.
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I was the acting editor-in-chief.
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It was my manuscript team I was managing,
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and these were my views.
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I don't remember hesitating about that choice at all at the time,
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but later I did because it felt uncomfortable.
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I realized that author wasn't asking for me to agree with their word choices.
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They were trusting our team to tell their truth.
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And at that point, I wasn't editing for clarity or syntax.
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I wasn't even editing for quality.
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I was editing for comforts, my own comforts.
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And now my values had become the filter through which other stories passed.
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And that's when it hit me.
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If I had the power to decide which words were acceptable,
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which truths were too harsh or which perspectives needed softening,
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what made me any different than any other gatekeeper?
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And those decisions that we would make weekly,
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they weren't made with ill intent,
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they weren't made in bad faith,
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they weren't even loud, they were subtle.
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And multiply that by the thousands of book publishers and editorial teams
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and boards of directors and institution and you understand that subtle bias becomes culture.
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And that's how I know today that bias doesn't just live in publishing,
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it lives in perception.
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So when people look at me,
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they might see a Latina woman who likely speaks Spanish,
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a first or second generation immigrant.
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And when people find out that I was born and raised in Salt Lake City,
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Utah, they might believe I'm a member of a predominantly large religious organization.
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And as I began my talk today,
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there might be people that have made assumptions about me based on my heritage.
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But what people likely don't see is that I'm a former IBM engineer.
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I'm a third and fourth generation Mexican-American that doesn't speak Spanish.
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My parents don't even speak Spanish, much to our regrets.
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And as a classically trained violinist,
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I both attended and graduated from the one and only Catholic high school in Salt Lake City, Utah.
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And I guess it could be said,
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though, that I am a second generation person type because I'm the second generation college graduate in my immediate family.
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So all of that is what we commonly know as societal biases, right?
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Very prevalent.
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And many of us are aware that they exist.
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but what we likely don't talk enough about is that bias doesn't always mean discrimination.
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Sometimes it means protection, protecting all of our comfort zones.
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And when we protect the familiar,
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we unintentionally silence the unfamiliar in publishing.
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For instance, we may silence the author that writes about a neighborhood we've never been to.
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We may silence an immigrant that speaks with a voice that weighs heavy in a culture that we cannot understand.
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And we may also silence a person of faith because they don't sound anything like the mainstream church that we attend.
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And we are not silencing them because their stories lack value.
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We are silencing them because they challenge ours.
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So this is the good news.
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The good news is bias is learned so it can be unlearned unlearned.
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And books can be bridges to help that,
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but only if we let them be built.
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And why this is important is because the future of publishing is not just about books.
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It's about who can be seen.
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And more importantly, it's about who can be heard.
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And if that is true,
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if that we could be wrong about people that we meet in the first one second,
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then we can know that there's always a different way to look at someone else.
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So as I continue my work in the publishing profession,
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I want to ask you this.
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Let that next person that you meet astound you.
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Let that next story that you read not just inspire you, but challenge you.
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And may that next first impression be only that,
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a beginning and not a conclusion.
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Because the world doesn't change when you publish a book.
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It changes when you stop judging the cover.
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Don't judge the cover.
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Read the full story.
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Thank you.
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you
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このレッスンについて
このレッスンでは、Liza Marie GarciaのTEDxトークに基づいて、本が文化に与える影響や、出版業界のバイアスについて考察します。特に、選ばれた物語がどのように社会の見方を狭めるかを学びながら、英語でのリスニングスキルを向上させることに集中します。話し手のペースやトーンを模倣することで、あなた自身の英語の発音を良くし、shadow speechを通じてより自然なコミュニケーション能力を養います。
重要な語彙とフレーズ
- バイアス (bias) - 判断や意見において偏りを持つこと。
- 出版 (publishing) - 本を制作・流通させる業界。
- 視点 (perspective) - 物事や状況に対する見方。
- 真実 (truth) - 現実や事実。
- 許可 (permission) - 何かを行うための許し。
- 物語 (story) - 事実や経験を語る形式。
- 文化 (culture) - 社会の価値観や習慣。
練習のコツ
このビデオでは、話し手のペースが比較的落ち着いているため、shadowingを行うには最適な教材です。最初に全体を通して聞き、次に特定のフレーズや文を選んで繰り返し発音してみましょう。特に、感情を込めて話す部分を重点的に模倣すると、より効果的です。自分の声を録音し、実際の発音と比較することで、改善点が明確になり、英語の発音を良くする手助けになります。YouTubeで英語学習を進める時、このshadow speakの技法は非常に役立ちます。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。