シャドーイング練習: How to use present tenses - 6 Minute Grammar - YouTubeで英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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6 Minute Grammar from bbclearningenglish.com Hello and welcome to 6 Minute Grammar with me, Catherine.
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6 Minute Grammar from bbclearningenglish.com Hello and welcome to 6 Minute Grammar with me, Catherine.
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And me, Finn.
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Hello.
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In this programme, we're talking about present tenses.
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Now, let's get started.
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The first thing we need to know is that the present simple tense is mainly for facts,
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habits and truths.
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Now, Catherine, give me a true fact about you.
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A true fact about me is that I like gardening.
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Oh wow!
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Yeah.
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Love it.
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Thanks Catherine.
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And can you tell me one of your habits?
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I drink a cup of coffee every morning.
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I drink one at home and I drink another one when I get to work.
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So far, so good.
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We make the present simple with a subject and base verb and we add S to the verb for he,
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she and it.
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So, I work, you work,
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he works, she works and so on.
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We make questions and negatives with do or does.
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So Catherine, do you take milk in your coffee?
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I do take milk in my coffee.
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Finn, do you take milk in your coffee?
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I don't.
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I like it black.
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And what about Mrs Finn?
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Does she take milk in her coffee?
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She doesn't drink coffee.
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Oh, what does she drink?
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Tea.
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All the time.
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Very British.
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Yes.
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So that's present simple for facts and habits.
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Now, when we're talking about activities,
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temporary situations and things that are happening now or around now,
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we use am, is or are plus an ing verb to make the present continuous.
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So, Finn, what are you doing now?
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Now, right now, right at this minute,
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I'm sitting in the studio on a chair talking to you.
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But off and on, I'm also reading a novel called The Unconsoled by Kazuo Ishiguro.
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Ooh.
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That's great.
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Well pronounced.
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Thank you.
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And are you reading anything right now, Catherine?
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Yes, I am.
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I'm reading a novel also.
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It's a comedy about Adrian Mole and it's really good.
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I'm enjoying it a lot.
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Sounds great.
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I'd like to borrow it.
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You can.
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We can also use the present continuous for future arrangements.
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And so, Finn, what are you doing tonight?
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Tonight I'm taking my wife to dinner.
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Don't tell her.
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Oh, lucky wife.
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That's right.
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So, present simple for facts and habits,
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present continuous for activities and future arrangements.
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And now for the present perfect.
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We make it with have or has plus a past participle.
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It connects the past to the present and it's useful for asking about life experiences.
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So life experience question coming, Finn.
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Have you ever eaten insects?
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I have, yes.
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I've eaten ants and beetles in Cambodia.
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So in the question, the word ever means at any time in your life.
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Never means at no time in your life.
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So Catherine, tell us about an experience that you have never had.
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Well, I've never eaten insects, Finn.
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OK.
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And I've never been on safari.
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OK.
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But I'm sure that our colleague Rob has been on safari.
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He's been to many places.
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He has.
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Yes.
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Other words we can use with present perfect are just, already and yet.
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We use just already and yet a lot
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when we're using the present perfect tense to talk about the present effect of a past event.
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Already means something has happened, perhaps earlier than expected.
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So, Finn, give us an example of already.
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Right.
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I've already had breakfast today. And coffee?
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Have you had coffee?
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I've just had a cup of coffee.
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Just means recently.
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And I haven't had lunch yet.
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I should think not, it's only half ten.
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It's a bit early for lunch, yeah.
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And yet means something like not until now.
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Good.
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And if a past situation has continued until now,
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use for or since to say how long it's continued, like this.
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I've lived in London for five years.
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I've been married since 2003.
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And we also use the present perfect to give news,
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things that happened a short time ago and are important now.
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So, have you got any news for us, Catherine?
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Yes, I have actually.
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OK.
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I've won the lottery!
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I don't believe you.
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I have.
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That's because I'm not telling the truth.
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It's just an example.
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OK.
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You're listening to OK.
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And we're talking about present tenses.
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And it's quiz time.
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Question one.
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Which of these sentences best describes a habit?
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a I have smoked 20 cigarettes a day.
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b I smoke 20 cigarettes a day.
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And the answer is b I smoke 20 cigarettes a day.
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Question two.
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Is this sentence grammatically correct or wrong?
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Humans have not visited the planet Mars yet,
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but they have already been to the moon.
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It's correct.
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It is.
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Now, last one.
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Which sentence is correct?
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a Catherine has never eaten insects.
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b Catherine never eats insects.
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or c Catherine is never eating insects.
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And the answer is that both A and B are correct.
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Aha.
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Aha.
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As a life experience, it's true to say
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that I have never eaten insects and as a fact I can say I never eat insects.
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So, that brings us to the end of the quiz and well done to you if you got them all right.
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A free insect for everyone who got all of those right.
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Now there's more about this on our website at bbclearningenglish.com.
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Join us again for more 6 Minute Grammar.
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Bye.
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Bye.
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この動画でスピーキングを練習する理由
この動画は、英語の現在形を効果的に学ぶための素晴らしいリソースです。特にスピーキング技術を向上させるために重要です。英語シャドーイングを行うことで、リスニングと発音を改善し、自信を持って話せるようになります。また、実際の会話の中で使われる表現を学ぶことができ、IELTS スピーキング対策にも役立ちます。現実の文脈で使われるフレーズを身につけることで、スピーキングスキルを高めていくことができます。
文法と表現の文脈
- 現在形: 現在形は主に事実や習慣を表すために使われます。「I work」「you work」のように、主語と基本動詞を組み合わせます。he、she、itの場合は動詞に
を加えます。 - 疑問文と否定文: 疑問文や否定文を作るためには、doまたはdoesを使用します。「Do you take milk in your coffee?」という形で質問を作ることができます。
- 現在進行形: 現在進行形は「am」「is」「are」と動詞のing形を組み合わせて使用します。例えば、「I am reading」や「Finn is talking」のように、現在の活動や一時的な状況を表現します。
一般的な発音の落とし穴
この動画に出てくるいくつかの単語やフレーズには、特に発音が難しいものがあります。たとえば「coffee」や「milk」は速く言うと聞き取りにくくなります。これらの単語を練習しながら、shadow speechやshadowspeaksのテクニックを活用することが重要です。また、英語の流暢さを向上させるためには、ネイティブの発音を意識して、英語シャドーイングを積極的に取り入れると良いでしょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。