シャドーイング練習: Late nights: Bad for health? BBC News Review - YouTubeで英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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Do you prefer late nights or early mornings?
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Do you prefer late nights or early mornings?
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One of those choices could be bad for your health.
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This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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I'm Neil.
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And I'm Sian.
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Make sure you watch to the end to learn vocabulary about today's story.
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And don't forget to subscribe to our channel, like this video and try the quiz on our website.
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Now, our story.
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Staying up late into the night.
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For some people, it's just the way they prefer to live, but it may be affecting their health.
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New research from the US found that night owls may be more likely to develop heart disease and diabetes.
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It's because people who get up early burn fat for energy more easily.
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You've been looking at the headlines Sian.
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What's the vocabulary?
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OK.
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We have night owl, chronic and prone to.
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This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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Let's have a look at our first headline.
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OK.
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This one is from Sky News.
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Early bird or night owl?
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How your sleep cycle puts you at risk of heart disease and diabetes.
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So, the headline asks what kind of sleep pattern you have.
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Do you prefer to stay up late or do you like getting up early?
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And there are two expressions in there for those two situations.
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What are they?
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OK, so the one we're going to look at is night owl.
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What can you tell me about owls, Neil?
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Well, owls are a type of bird and they stay up late.
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They stay up all night and they are very active at night.
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That's when they do their work, which is hunting in this case.
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Exactly.
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And so, we call people who stay up late night owls.
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It means they stay up late, but also they are mentally or physically active at night.
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at night.
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What about the opposite, Neil?
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Well, we can also see in the headline the expression early bird, which comes from the saying the early bird catches the worm, and it describes someone who likes to get up early.
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There are other ways of saying that as well.
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You can call someone an early riser or a morning person.
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Which one are you, Sian?
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I used to be a night owl and I think naturally I'm a night owl, but I want to be a morning person, so I've made myself become one.
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How about you?
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Well, the same.
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Yeah, I like staying up late, but it's never a good idea.
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Let's have a look at that again.
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Let's have our next headline.
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This one is from CNN.
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The headline is saying that night owls – that's the
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expression we just looked at – are at a higher risk of developing chronic diseases.
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And that's the word we're looking at – chronic.
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And if we use chronic to describe an illness, it means it's long-lasting, so it doesn't go away.
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For example, if I hurt my back in an accident and the pain lasts forever, I can say I have chronic pain or a chronic backache.
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Yeah, and in a medical sense, the opposite of that is acute.
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So, if you hurt your back, but you get better after a couple of weeks, that is not chronic pain, that is acute pain.
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We use this word, though, chronic, for more than just illnesses, don't we, Sian?
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That's right.
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We can use it to describe situations which are long-lasting and bad.
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So, for example, we can talk about chronic unemployment or we can say there's a chronic shortage of doctors.
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Yeah, and as you said, that's for bad situations.
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And in fact, in slang, you can use the word chronic on its own just to mean bad.
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So, for example, did you see that new detective drama on TV last night?
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It was chronic.
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Acting was terrible.
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And one more thing to note about the pronunciation.
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So, the spelling and pronunciation are a bit tricky.
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Normally when we see CH it's pronounced CH, like cheese.
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But here it's C, so chronic.
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Let's take a look at that one more time.
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Our next headline, please.
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This one's from The Guardian.
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Night owls may be more prone to heart disease and diabetes study finds.
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So, in this headline we see that word night owls again, and it's saying that people who stay up late are more likely to develop diseases.
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And we're looking at the expression, prone to.
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That's right.
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So, if you're prone to something, it means you're likely to be affected by something bad.
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So, for example, smokers are prone to lung disease or professional footballers are prone to leg injuries.
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So, the structure is prone to followed by something bad.
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Yeah, and we also use this expression prone to to describe certain negative types of behaviour that people have in their personality.
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So, for example, if someone doesn't tell the truth a lot, we can say they are prone to lying.
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Or someone that exaggerates a lot can be prone to exaggeration.
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And we have another phrase which is accident prone.
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So, if someone is accident prone, then they tend to have a lot of accidents.
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Yeah, but be careful you can't just create an adjective like that by adding prone at the end.
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Accident prone is a set expression, we wouldn't say lying prone.
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Okay, let's have a look at that again.
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We've had night owls, people who stay up late and are active at night.
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chronic – it's bad and it lasts a long time.
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And prone to – likely to be affected by something bad.
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Don't forget there's a quiz on our website at bbclearningenglish.com.
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Thank you for joining us and goodbye.
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Goodbye.
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このレッスンについて
このレッスンでは、遅くまで起きることが健康に与える影響について学びます。具体的には「ナイトオウル」と「アーリーバード」といった表現を通じて、自分自身の生活リズムや健康リスクを考えながら、英語スピーキング練習に役立つボキャブラリーを身につけます。この内容を通じて、英語の発音を良くするための練習方法を理解することができます。
重要な語彙とフレーズ
- ナイトオウル (night owl) - 夜遅くまで起きている人
- アーリーバード (early bird) - 早起きする人
- 慢性的な (chronic) - 持続的または長期的な（病気など）
- リスク (risk) - 危険性、リスク
- 心臓病 (heart disease) - 心臓に関する病気
- 糖尿病 (diabetes) - 血糖値が高くなる病気
- エネルギー (energy) - 活動を行うために必要な力
- 習慣 (habit) - 日常的な行動や動作
練習のコツ
このビデオのスピードとトーンを意識しながら、英語シャドーイングを行うと良いでしょう。特に、ナチュラルなリズムで話す会話を模倣することで、自分の発音やイントネーションを改善できます。まず、英語のフレーズを聞いてから、繰り返す練習を行います。では、具体的な練習手順をご紹介します。
- ビデオを見ながら、話されている内容に注意を向ける。
- 1回目の視聴では、リラックスして内容を理解することに専念する。
- 2回目の視聴では、発音や語調に注目する。特にキーとなる語彙に焦点をわせる。
- 3回目には、音声を一時停止し、自分で声に出して繰り返す。この時、声のスピードやトーンを合わせるように心がける。
- ナイトオウルやアーリーバードの表現を使用し、自分に関する短い文章を作成してみる。この練習は、英語で自分を表現する力を高めます。
このようにして、shadow speakの技術を使い、自己表現の幅を広げながら、英語スピーキング練習を進めていきましょう！
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。