シャドーイング練習: Looks aren't everything. Believe me, I'm a model. | Cameron Russell | TED - YouTubeで英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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Reviewer Gopalco
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Reviewer Gopalco
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Hi, my name is Cameron Russell,
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and for the last little while,
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I've been a model, actually for 10 years.
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And I feel like there's an uncomfortable tension in the room right now,
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because I should not have worn this dress.
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So, luckily, I brought an outfit change.
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This is the first outfit change on the TED stage,
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so you guys are pretty lucky to witness it, I think.
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If some of the women were really horrified when I came out,
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you don't have to tell me now,
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but I'll find out later on Twitter.
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I'd also note
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that I'm quite privileged to be able to transform what you think of me in a very brief 10 seconds.
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Not everybody gets to do that.
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These heels are very uncomfortable,
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so good thing I wasn't going to wear them.
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The worst part is putting this sweater over my head because that's when you all laugh at me.
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So don't do anything while it's over my head.
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All right.
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So, why did I do that?
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That was awkward.
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Well, hopefully not as awkward as that picture.
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Image is powerful, but also image is superficial.
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I just totally transformed what you thought of me in six seconds.
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And in this picture, I had actually never had a boyfriend in real life.
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I was totally uncomfortable, and the photographer was telling me to arch my back and put my hand in that guy's hair.
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And of course, barring surgery,
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or the fake tan that I got two days ago for work,
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there's very little that we can do to transform how we look.
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And how we look, though it is superficial and immutable has a huge impact on our lives.
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So today for me, being fearless means being honest and I am on this stage because I am a model.
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I'm on this stage because I am a pretty white woman.
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In my industry we call that a sexy girl
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and I'm gonna answer the questions that people always ask me but with an honest twist.
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So the first question is how do you become a model?
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And I always just say oh I was scouted but that means nothing.
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The real way that I became a model is I won a genetic lottery,
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and I'm the recipient of a legacy.
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And maybe you're wondering, what is a legacy?
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Well, for the past few centuries,
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we have defined beauty not just as health and youth and symmetry that we're biologically programmed to admire,
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but also as tall, slender figures and femininity and white skin.
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And this is a legacy that was built for me and it's a legacy that I've been cashing out on.
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And I know there are people in the audience who are skeptical at this point
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and maybe there are some fashionistas who are like Waite,
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Naomi, Tyra, Joan Smalls, Lou Wen,
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and first I commend you on your model knowledge, very impressive.
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But unfortunately I have to inform you
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that in 2007 a very inspired NYU PhD student counted all the models on the runway,
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every single woman that was hired,
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and of the 677 models that were hired,
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only 27, or less than 4%, were non-white.
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The next question people always ask me is,
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can I be a model when I grow up?
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And the first answer is,
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I don't know, they don't put me in charge of that.
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But the second answer, and what I really want to say to these little girls, is why?
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You know, you can be anything.
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You could be the president of the United States,
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or the inventor of the next internet or a ninja cardiothoracic surgeon poet,
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which would be awesome because he'd be the first one.
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If after this amazing list,
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they still are like, no,
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no, Cameron, I want to be a model.
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Well, then I say, be my boss because I'm not in charge of anything.
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And you could be the editor-in-chief of American Vogue or the CEO of H&M or the next Stephen Mizell.
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Saying that you want to be a model
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when you grow up is akin to saying that you want to win the Powerball when you grow up.
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It's, you know, out of your control and it's awesome and it's not a career path.
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I will demonstrate for you now 10 years of accumulated model knowledge because unlike cardiothoracic surgeons,
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it can just be distilled right into right now.
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So if the photographer is right there,
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and the light is right there like a nice HMI,
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and the client says, Cameron,
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we want a walking shot.
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Well, then this leg goes first, nice and long.
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This arm goes back, this arm goes forward,
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the head is at three quarters,
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and you just go back and forth.
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Just do that.
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And then you look back at your imaginary friends, 300, 400, 500 times.
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It will look something like this.
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Hopefully less awkward than that one in the middle.
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I don't know what happened there.
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Unfortunately, after you've gone to school and you have a resume and you've done a few jobs,
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you can't say anything anymore.
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So if you say you want to be the president of the United States,
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but your resume reads underwear model 10 years,
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people give you a funny look.
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The next question people always ask me is,
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do they retouch all the photos?
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And yeah, they pretty much retouch all the photos,
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but that is only a small component of what's happening.
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This picture is the very first picture that I ever took,
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and it's also the very first time that I had worn a bikini.
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And I didn't even have my period yet.
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I know we're getting personal,
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but I was a young girl.
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This is what I looked like with my grandma just a few months earlier.
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Here's me on the same day as this shoot my friend got to come with me.
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Here's me at a slumber party a few days before I shot French Vogue.
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Here's me on the soccer team in MV Magazine.
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And here's me today.
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And I hope what you're seeing is that these pictures are not pictures of me,
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they are constructions.
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And they are constructions by professionals,
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by hair stylists and makeup artists and photographers and stylists and all of their assistants and pre-production and post-production.
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And they build this.
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That's not me.
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OK, so the next question people always ask me is,
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do you get free stuff?
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I do have too many 8-inch heels,
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which I never get to wear, except for earlier.
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But the free stuff that I get is the free stuff that I get in real life,
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and that's what we don't like to talk about.
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I grew up in Cambridge,
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and one time I went into a store,
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and I forgot my money,
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and they gave me the dress for free.
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When I was a teenager,
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I was driving with my friend,
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who was an awful driver,
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and she ran a red,
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and of course, we got pulled over.
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And all it took was a sorry officer,
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and we were on our way.
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And I got these free things because of how I look,
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not who I am and there are people paying a cost for how they look and not who they are.
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I live in New York,
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and last year of the 140,000 teenagers that were stop and frisked,
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86% of them were Black and Latino,
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and most of them were young men.
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And there are only 177,000 young black and Latino men in New York,
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so for them, it's not a question of, will I get stopped?
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But how many times will I get stopped?
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When will I get stopped?
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When I was researching this talk,
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I found out that of the 13-year-old girls in the United States,
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53% don't like their bodies.
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And that number goes to 78% by the time that they're 17.
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So the last question people ask me is,
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you know, what is it like to be a model?
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And I think the answer that they're looking for is,
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if you are a little bit skinnier and you have shinier hair,
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you will be so happy and fabulous.
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And when we're backstage, we give an answer that maybe makes it seem like that.
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We say, it's really amazing to travel,
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and it's amazing to get to work with creative, inspired, passionate people.
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And those things are true,
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but they're only one half of the story,
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because the thing that we never say on camera,
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that I have never said on camera, is I am insecure.
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And I'm insecure because I have to think about what I look like every day.
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And if you ever are wondering,
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you know, if I have thinner thighs and shinier hair,
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will I be happier?
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You just need to meet a group of models
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because they have the thinnest thighs and the shiniest hair
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and the coolest clothes and they're the most physically insecure women probably on the planet it.
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So when I was writing this talk,
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I found it very difficult to strike an honest balance,
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because on the one hand,
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I felt very uncomfortable to come out here and say,
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look, I've received all these benefits from a deck stacked in my favor.
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And it also felt really uncomfortable to follow that up with,
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and it doesn't always make me happy.
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But mostly, it was difficult to unpack a legacy of gender and racial oppression when I'm one of the biggest beneficiaries.
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But I'm also happy and honored to be up here,
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and I think that it's great I got to come,
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you know, before 10 or 20 or 30 years had passed,
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and I'd had more agency in my career,
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because maybe then I wouldn't tell the story of how I got my first job,
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or maybe I wouldn't tell the story of how I paid for college,
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which seems so important right now.
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If there's a takeaway to this talk,
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I hope it's that we all feel more comfortable acknowledging the power of image in our perceived successes and our perceived failures.
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Thank you.
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コンテキストと背景
キャメロン・ラッセルは、10年以上にわたりモデルとして活動しており、TEDトークで自身の経験を通して見た目の重要性とその表面的な側面について語っています。彼女は、自身の外見がどれほど簡単に変わるかを体現しつつ、真実を語ることが何を意味するのかを説明します。彼女の話は、見た目が如何に人の人生に影響を与えるかを考えさせるもので、特に美の基準やモデル業界の現実についての洞察を提供しています。
日常会話のためのトップ5フレーズ
- 「美は表面的なものです。」 - 自分自身を評価する基準が見た目だけではないことを示しています。
- 「モデルになるには、遺伝的なラッキーが必要です。」 - モデル業界の競争を象徴する言葉です。
- 「色々な職業に挑戦できます。」 - モデル以外の選択肢があることを強調しています。
- 「すべての写真はプロによって作られています。」 - 自己表現の重要性についての考えを促します。
- 「怖れずに正直でいることが重要です。」 - 自分の本当の姿を受け入れることの意義を示しています。
ステップバイステップのシャドウイングガイド
このTEDトークの難易度を下げるために、シャドウスピークの手法を活用してみましょう。
- トークを初めに聞く: スピーカーの言葉を注意深く聞きながら、どのように表現しているかを観察します。
- フレーズを分解する: 上記のトップフレーズを繰り返し練習し、自分の口から滑らかにこれらのフレーズが出るようにします。
- シャドウイングを実践する: スピーカーの声に合わせて、自分の声で追いかけることで発音とリズムを練習します。
- 録音する: 自分の声を録音し、スピーカーのトーンや発音と比較することで改善点を見つけます。
- 定期的に復習する: シャドウスピーチを続けることで、IELTSスピーキング対策にも役立てることができます。
このトークの内容を通じて、見た目に対する社会的な期待や美の基準について考えることができ、スピーキング力の向上にも繋がります。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。