シャドーイング練習: Losing your mother tongue ⏲️ 6 Minute English - YouTubeで英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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I'm Sam.
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And I'm Rob.
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In this programme, we'll be hearing about an issue experienced by many child refugees who are forced to leave their home.
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The loss of their first native language,
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or mother tongue, as they start a new life learning to speak a new language in a new country.
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Julie Tadevi and her family left their home in what was then Czechoslovakia and is now the Czech Republic,
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during the Cold War when Julie was a small child.
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After several years travelling through Europe,
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they arrived in Canada as political refugees with no English.
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We'll be hearing about Julie's childhood when learning English started to replace her native language, Czech.
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And as usual, we'll be learning some new vocabulary as well.
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But first, I have a question, Rob.
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Julie's family left their home as political refugees,
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but every year millions of people are also displaced because of war,
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persecution, or the damaging effects of climate change.
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So, according to the United Nations,
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how many people around the world are currently living as displaced refugees? Is it A.
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3 million, B.
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53 million, or C.
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103 million?
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I'll guess it's 103 million.
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I'll reveal the answer later in the programme, Rob.
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Like many child refugees, Julie spoke only her mother tongue,
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Czech, at home with her brothers,
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sisters and parents who, in the beginning,
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spoke no English at all.
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Here she describes to Michael Rosen,
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presenter of BBC Radio 4 programme,
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Word of Mouth, going to an English-speaking school for the first time.
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So you went into school,
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not to start off with,
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really understanding what was going on, is that right?
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That's right, I just kind of interpreted things as best I could
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and my memory of that is that that was not particularly difficult or traumatic.
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I think by then I'd had the experience of being dunked into various unfamiliar languages numerous times
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and I had faith that it would sort itself out and that everything would be just fine and it was, of course.
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At school, Julie was dunked into unfamiliar situations,
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a bit like a biscuit being dunked into a cup of tea.
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Often, dunk means to dip something into a liquid,
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but here the meaning is that Julie was suddenly dropped into a new situation for a while,
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then taken out as her family travelled through Europe.
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By the time she arrived in Canada,
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Julie had been exposed to several other languages, including Italian and French.
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She had experienced many difficulties,
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but never given up hope of finding a new home.
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Julie had faith, in other words,
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trust or confidence, that everything would sort itself out,
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a phrase meaning to stop being a problem automatically without having to do anything.
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Over the following years, Julie faced many challenges,
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going to school and making friends,
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helping her parents as they struggled in the English-speaking world,
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and grieving for her native language,
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which she slowly forgot, and with it,
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the chance to speak Czech with her dad before he passed away.
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Julie shares her thoughts on losing and refinding her mother tongue in her book Memory Speaks.
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Through it all, Julie kept alive her belief that by speaking two,
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three, or even more languages,
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we don't forget who we are,
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but instead gain a sense of tolerance,
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an idea which she talked about with BBC Radio 4's Word of Mouth.
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The idea that you can be both of Mexican ancestry,
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for example, and speak Spanish,
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and be a full-fledged American,
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or in my case, come from a country like the Czech Republic,
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continue to speak my language,
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and be Canadian, and very proudly so,
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and very invested in Canada as a society.
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There's a number of studies that suggest
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that the very presence of people with blended ideas in a society seem to lead to greater acceptance between groups.
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It creates the sense that this is not an either-or,
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that we can coexist, perhaps precisely because we have evidence that these cultures can coexist within a single person.
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For Julie, there's no contradiction in being a Canadian refugee speaking Czech or a Spanish who's a full-fledged or fully developed American.
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These are not either-or situations,
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cases where there is only a choice between two options with no third possibility.
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Instead, a peaceful coexistence can develop as shown in the life of Julie Sedevi herself.
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Right, it's time to reveal the answer to my question.
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How many people around the world,
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like Julie, are living as displaced refugees?
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Well, I said it was 103 million.
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Was I right?
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And that was the correct answer, Rob a number which,
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according to the UN, is only going to grow.
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Now it's time to recap the vocabulary we've learned from this programme about losing our mother tongue,
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the native language we were brought up speaking by our parents.
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If something is dunked, it's dipped into a liquid like a biscuit and a cup of tea.
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But if someone is dunked into a situation,
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they're suddenly placed into a new and unfamiliar setting,
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before being removed again after a short time.
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If you have faith in something or someone,
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you have trust or confidence in them.
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The phrasal verb to sort itself out means to stop being a problem without having to do anything.
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The adjective full-fledged means completely developed.
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And finally, an either-or is a situation where only a choice between two options is possible with no third alternative.
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And that brings us to the end of this programme.
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Bye for now!
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Bye bye!
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English from the BBC.
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背景とコンテキスト
このビデオセクションでは、以前はチェコスロバキアに住んでいたジュリー・タデヴィという女性の物語が語られています。彼女は幼少期に家族と共に政治難民としてカナダに移住しました。当初、彼女の家庭ではチェコ語だけが話されており、英語には全く触れたことがありませんでした。このような背景は、多くの子供難民が直面する問題の一部であり、彼らが新しい言語を習得する際に母国語を失う過程を描写しています。
日常コミュニケーションのためのトップ5フレーズ
- It's going to be just fine.（すべてうまくいくよ。）
- Dunked into unfamiliar situations.（未知の状況に投げ込まれる。）
- Interpreted things as best I could.（できる限りの解釈をした。）
- Had faith that everything would sort itself out.（すべてがうまくいくと信じていた。）
- Experiencing various unfamiliar languages.（さまざまな未知の言語を体験する。）
これらのフレーズは、言語を学ぶ際や英語を話す場面で非常に役立つ表現です。特に英語シャドーイングを行うことで、発音やイントネーションを自然に身につけることができます。
段階的シャドーイングガイド
このビデオの内容は、英語学習者にとって挑戦的かもしれませんが、以下のステップで効果的に学ぶことができます。
- 視聴する: 最初にビデオ全体を通して視聴します。内容の概要を把握し、どのような状況が描かれているかを確認しましょう。
- 聞き取る: 再度ビデオを流しながら、トランスクリプトを見てみましょう。これにより、文の中の重要なフレーズや単語を整理できます。
- シャドーイング: ビデオを流し、話し手の声に合わせて声に出して繰り返します。この時、言葉ごとのリズムやイントネーションに注目しましょう。
- 繰り返し練習: 何度も繰り返すことで、自然にそのフレーズを使えるようにしましょう。特に日本語から英語へと翻訳する際に、頭の中で簡単に変換できるようにします。
- 録音を聞く: 自分のシャドーイングを録音して、後で聞き返してみましょう。自分の発音やアクセントを客観的にチェックすることができます。
これらのステップを通じて、英語力を向上させ、IELTS スピーキング対策にも役立てることができるでしょう。また、YouTubeで英語学習を行いながら、効果的なシャドーイングを実践することをお勧めします。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。