シャドーイング練習: The Health Benefits Of Learning a Foreign Language | Daria Zaikovskaia | TEDxOulu - YouTubeで英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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Transcriber: Susana González Reviewer: Keira White (applause) Learning a foreign language is good for you for so many reasons.
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Transcriber: Susana González Reviewer: Keira White (applause) Learning a foreign language is good for you for so many reasons.
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Why should I learn English?
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It’s not a question people ask themselves a lot these days, is it?
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English is probably going to become the world’s lingua franca, if it’s not already.
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Today, English is the most widely used language for newspaper, book and scientific publishing, international telecommunications, international trade, mass entertainment, diplomacy, and, of course, the Internet.
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There are now more than 8,000 courses taught completely in English by leading universities in non-English speaking countries.
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So for people like me, non-native English speakers, it would seem that if we want to keep up with the world, learning at least one foreign language, namely English, is a must.
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We learn it to find a good job, to be more successful, or even to immigrate.
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I’ve been learning English since I was little.
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At first it was my parents who taught me which is kind of funny because neither of them spoke any English back then, and they have successfully avoided learning it for the past 25 years.
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In fact, when I got my bachelor’s degree in linguistics, my mom said: ″Good job, honey, what’s next for you?″ ″Are you now going to get a real degree?″ After my studies I worked as an English teacher, and whenever I taught an introductory class, I would ask my students: ″Why do you want to learn a foreign language?″ The answers I would usually get were more or less similar, but before I share them, I would like to ask you to go back for a moment.
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Think of a time you first started learning a foreign language, Do you remember why?
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The answers my students would give were: ″My parents make me″, ″I want to understand social media content″, ″I want to travel″, ″I want to get a good job″, and a lot of people also acknowledged that learning a language is good for you in general.
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But if we stop and think about it, work, travel, good marks at school, watching films, are all amazing, noble reasons to learn a foreign language, but can you get all that without actually learning?
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I think we probably can.
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If we go along with this idea, it takes only a little thought to grasp what you can actually do, even if you don’t understand a word in English or any other foreign language.
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For example, with the technology we have today, software can translate a whole web page into your native language in a split second.
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There are apps that can translate almost any text captured by your smartphone camera in real time, and most media are served to you with subtitles or a voiceover, available almost immediately after the recording is made.
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Not to mention those lucky enough to be born into English-speaking families.
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They should be fine, right?
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And, here we come back to this vague ″Learning a language is good for you!″ And it is!
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It can bring many benefits, including those that can improve the quality of your life and indeed your health.
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Which is a nice bonus for those of us who started learning it for something else.
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It’s like when you buy a pack of breakfast cereal, and ″here’s a free sticker inside!″ Let’s move on now, and take a closer look at some of these benefits.
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I like to visualize concepts, it helps me give form to abstract ideas and make them more simple.
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I like to imagine every person as a musician.
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Let’s start with somebody who can only speak one language, you probably even know someone like that.
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Can you picture them in your mind's eye?
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Let’s assume that this person was born and raised in their native country, they have been able to get by with their native language, be it for work, travel and leisure.
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Now, if we visualize some more and give this person an instrument, in some sense we can compare their brain to a music box.
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Now, how does the box work?
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You spin the handle and magic happens, beautiful, does the trick.
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But the thing about the box is that it can only play one tune; the mechanism is kind of embedded into the box, so changing it is a lot of work.
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You repeat one and the same movement all over again.
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Now, we have bilinguals, in comparison to monolinguals, they have twice as many choices on how to deliver an idea, but it’s not that simple.
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When bilinguals use the target language, they actually activate both languages that they know.
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It means that there is always this competition going on in their heads between the two languages.
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They have to be constantly ready to respond in one language and suppress the other one.
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Instead of a music box, I would give them a tape recorder and two tapes.
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Not quite an instrument, but it can play music too.
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Now, if you’re bilingual, your native tape is the one you know best.
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Depending on how well you know your second language, the other one could be secondary.
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So each time you need to play a word or a phrase, it takes you time to get the native tape out, insert the other one, and then find the word or phrase that you’re looking for.
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In addition to that, you sometimes forget where exactly it is, or even if this word is even on the tape.
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Each time there is this switch between these mental tapes, it takes you mental effort.
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It’s an exercise, and like with all exercises, it gets easier and easier the more you do it, until you know the tape inside out.
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And with each new language, your musical instrument gets more elaborate, like adding new keys to a piano.
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Some of them you know better, some worse, but each time you switch, you get more fluent, and as you learn another third, fourth language, you pick it up faster.
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You understand the logic the languages might share, and you are more likely to overcome the barriers to speaking with your next foreign language.
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And that mental effort translates onto the other areas of your life, it opens your mind for greater opportunities, and prepares you for possible challenges.
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And, that is not only true for those who started learning a language early in life.
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That’s right! You can pick up a new language today and start enjoying all the amazing benefits it brings.
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It can even influence your life indirectly, opening new paths for you.
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In 2020, like many others, I found myself in quarantine, my boyfriend, my cat and I in a tiny one- room apartment for several months.
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I figured I needed a new hobby to stay sane.
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It needed to be a one-person indoor hobby, and it needed to be cheap.
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So I decided I would start learning a new language.
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I didn't have a preference.
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So I did several rounds of flipping a coin, and it turned out to be Finnish.
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I armed myself with YouTube videos and learning apps, and soon enough, I learned some stuff about some Finnish delicacies, some Finnish towns, one famous Finnish poet.
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Having this tiny connection to the culture made me want to dig deeper, and before I even realized it, it’s December, and I’m applying to study at a Finnish University.
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What started small, became this huge change that helped me out of depression and gave me purpose.
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Our brains are picky, our brains love new things; it gives us that handsome reward of dopamine in exchange for novelty, that’s why I have so many pairs of shoes.
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Usually when you learn something new, the brain-boosting benefits decrease as soon as you get your eureka moment.
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For example, you want to learn to ride a bicycle; you start trying, you go, and it feels great, but, as soon as you get the hang of it, it’s not the same satisfaction-wise.
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It’s just going.
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But that doesn’t happen when you learn a foreign language.
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Instead, your brain needs to keep working, constantly plan, concentrate and make decisions, every day is a school day, it never ends, which to me, can be both amazing and frustrating.
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I have been learning English for ages.
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I have been teaching it as a second language for several years, and I still make mistakes.
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And there are still words that I don’t know.
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Not so long ago, I was watching some British TV and I saw the word ″satsuma″ in a joke.
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Of course I didn’t get the joke. I’d never heard nor seen this word before.
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At that moment, I felt almost angry at all the English people who decided to adopt this word into the language just to make my life more difficult.
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But, I did make a mental note; apparently, it’s a kind of fruit like a mandarin or tangerine.
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I can never tell the difference between them, because in my native language, we have one word to describe all three.
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Later, I was abroad in a supermarket and I saw this sign: ″satsuma″.
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I pointed to it and I said out loud, there were people around me, ″You little piece of fruit. I know you″ and it felt really good.
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Our brains like to be proud, we like achievement, we like to be the best, and this is the best kind of achievement because it’s not competitive.
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The only person you are trying to out-best is you, and each new word, phrase and sentence brings you victory.
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It doesn't have to be a big victory.
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It can be as small as understanding a joke in a foreign language.
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It’s never too early to learn, and it’s never too late.
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Thank you. (Applause)
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このレッスンについて
このレッスンでは、外国語を学ぶことの健康面での利点についての理解を深めながら、英語の表現力を向上させるための実践を行います。特に英語学習において、どのようにshadowspeakを活用し、効果的に発音や会話力を養うかに焦点を当てます。このビデオを通じて、英語がグローバルなコミュニケーションでどれほど重要かを学び、自分自身の言語学習の動機付けにつなげましょう。
重要な語彙とフレーズ
- 外国語 - Foreign language
- 発音 - Pronunciation
- バイリンガル - Bilingual
- 学習 - Learning
- ジム - Gym (metaphorically for mental exercise as seen in this context)
- 機会 - Opportunities
- 競争 - Competition
- 挑戦 - Challenges
練習のヒント
このビデオのペースとトーンに合わせたshadowingの実践を行う際には、以下のポイントに注意してください。まずは音声を再生し、発音をしっかり捉えた後、何回か繰り返しながら自分の声で真似をしてみましょう。大切なのは、単に声を真似るのではなく、話者の感情や強弱を意識して、自分の発音に反映させることです。こうすることで、英語の発音を良くするための直接的なトレーニングとなります。また、例えばYouTubeで英語学習をする際には、ビデオのスピードを調整してみるのも効果的です。初めはスローペースで練習し、慣れてきたら徐々にスピードを上げていくことで、スムーズな会話力を養うことができます。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。