쉐도잉 연습: Are you unhappy at work? ⏲️ 6 Minute English - YouTube로 영어 말하기 배우기

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Hello. This is Six Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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Hello. This is Six Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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I'm Neil. And I'm Beth.
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Have you ever had a horrible boss, not been paid enough or simply got tired of doing the same old boring jobs?
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I love presenting Six Minute English, of course, but some of my previous jobs have been pretty awful, Neil.
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When I waitressed in cafes, I was on my feet ten hours a day.
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It was exhausting!
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Most people have had bad work experiences at one time or another. Maybe a job that was boring, badly paid or just working too much and getting burned out – lacking energy or enthusiasm because of working too hard.
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But does it have to be like this?
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Since most of our waking day is spent at work, how can we make sure our job doesn't make us unhappy?
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That's what we'll be discussing in this programme and, as usual, we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary as well.
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Sounds good, Beth, but first I have a question for you. The worst job I ever had was the summer I spent working as a portable toilet cleaner at music festivals.
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But, according to a recent survey by Forbes Magazine, what was voted the worst job in the UK? Was it: A. a call centre worker?
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B. a bartender? or C. a traffic warden?
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I think the answer might be a call centre worker.
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OK, Beth. I'll reveal the answer later in the programme.
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Now, it's interesting that survey was carried out in the UK because being unhappy at work could be related to the British working culture which emphasises working at a fast pace.
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Here's Damian Grimshaw, a professor of Employment Studies at King's College London speaking with BBC Radio 4 programme, Analysis.
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Really it's all about pace, cost efficiencies, meeting targets and deadlines. So, this is why, when people do surveys of what we call 'work intensity', so how hard you work are you driven on pace?, is there a supervisor breathing down your neck?, we score really badly compared to European countries.
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Compared to some European countries British workers have to meet more targets and deadlines – a time or date by which a particular job must be finished. The pressure to work quickly means you might have your boss breathing down your neck – an idiom meaning that someone is watching you very closely and checking everything you do – not a nice feeling to have at work.
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That's right. A good job is about more than pay and conditions.
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It's one that uses your talents and gives you some choice over how and when you work. In 2022, Britain's biggest employer, the National Health Service, or NHS, lost more than 15,000 nurses, many quitting because of the long and inflexible working hours.
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Another sector with long working hours is the construction industry. Low paid, dirty and physically demanding construction workers also risk high levels of work-related injury.
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Here, Emma Stewart, co-founder of social business, Time Wise, tells BBC's Radio 4 programme, Analysis, about her trial project to help builders enjoy their jobs more.
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In the work that we've done within the construction industry, we have trialled what we would call an output-based way of working, which means we shift away from the sense of presenteeism, this sense of: you are paid by the day, you are on site from seven in the morning until the last person leaves, maybe seven in the evening...
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to a task-based way of working, which means you're going to do five tasks over the course of this day, when you've done those tasks, and you've done them well, you can go home, but we will still pay you the same amount for the day.
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They were able to deliver the projects that we worked on with them on time, on budget, but, critically, the feedback from workers was that work-life balance scores doubled and they were able to reduce the amount of overtime that they did. It's a win-win.
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Emma describes the current working patterns using the word presenteeism – staying at work longer than usual or going to work when you're ill to show that you work hard, but this isn't an effective way to work.
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Emma thinks a task-based approach is better both at getting the job done and for improving work-life balance – the amount of time you spend at work, compared with the amount of time you spend relaxing with your family and doing things you enjoy. In other words, flexible working is a win-win – a situation that's good for everyone involved.
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Maybe more flexible working would help some of the jobs I mentioned earlier in my question, Beth.
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According to a recent Forbes magazine survey, what was voted the worst job in the UK?
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I guessed it was a job I've done myself – working in a call centre. That was... the correct answer!
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Although I think my summer job cleaning toilets was even worse.
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Right, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned from this programme, starting with burnout – lack of energy or enthusiasm because of working too hard. A deadline is the time by which a particular job must be done.
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If someone is breathing down your neck, they're watching you very closely and checking everything you do. Presenteeism means staying at work longer than usual to show your employer that you work hard and are important to them. Work-life balance is the amount of time you spend doing your job compared with the amount of time you spend doing things you enjoy.
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And finally, a win-win is a situation or result that is good for everyone.
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Once again, our six minutes are up.
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Join us again next time, but for now, get back to work! Goodbye. Bye.

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맥락 및 배경

이번 "6분 영어" 프로그램에서는 직장에서의 불만족에 대한 다양한 이야기들이 오고 갔습니다. 진행자 Neil과 Beth는 많은 사람들이 노동 환경에서 힘든 경험을 겪었음을 공유합니다. 그들은 특히 영국의 직장 문화가 고되고 빠르게 움직이는 일에 중점을 두고 있고, 이로 인해 많은 사람들이 에너지를 잃고 소진되기 쉽다는 점을 강조했습니다. 또한, 더 나은 직장 환경과 워크 라이프 밸런스를 위해 유연한 작업 방식으로의 전환이 필요하다는 의견도 나왔습니다.

일상 대화를 위한 5가지 주요 문구

  • 번아웃(Burnout) - 과중한 업무로 인해 에너지를 잃고 무기력해진 상태를 의미합니다.
  • 마감 기한(Deadline) - 특정 작업이 완료되어야 하는 시간이나 날짜를 지칭합니다.
  • 뒤에서 지켜보는 사람(Breathing down your neck) - 누군가가 매우 밀접하게 당신의 행동을 감시하는 상태를 나타냅니다.
  • 프레젠티즘(Presenteeism) - 근무 시간을 늘리고 아플 때에도 출근하여 자신의 열정을 보이려는 상태를 의미합니다.
  • 워크-라이프 밸런스(Work-life balance) - 일에 소요되는 시간과 여가 시간의 비율을 의미합니다.

단계별 쉐도잉 가이드

이 영상을 통해 영어 회화 연습에 도움이 되는 쉐도잉 방식인 shadowspeak 기술을 적용해보세요. 먼저, 비디오를 처음부터 끝까지 시청하면서 전체적인 내용과 입장의 흐름을 이해합니다. 그런 다음, 각 문장을 반복해서 따라 하며 발음과 억양을 익힙니다. 이때, IELTS 스피킹 점수를 높이기 위해서는 발음뿐만 아니라 자신감 있게 말하는 것도 중요합니다. 특히 어려운 문장을 만났을 때에는 멈추지 말고 몇 번이고 시도해보며 할 수 있는 만큼 속도를 자연스럽게 올리세요. 마지막으로, 자신이 발음한 내용을 녹음하고 비교해 보면서 꾸준히 능력을 향상시킬 수 있습니다. shadow speak은 이런 방법들을 활용해 영어 말하기 능력을 크게 향상시킬 수 있는 효과적인 방법입니다. 이 과정에서 다양한 shadowing site를 활용하여 반복적으로 연습해 보세요.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

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