쉐도잉 연습: Colossal Announces the De-Extinction of the Bluebuck Antelope - YouTube로 영어 말하기 배우기

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More than 200 years ago,
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More than 200 years ago,
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humans erased an iconic species.
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It was the species that had been described a lot in the literature
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because it was such an unusual and unique looking animal.
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They're yet another example of a species that has gone extinct by interacting with us.
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We can change the dynamics of everything.
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We are excited to announce the de-extinction of...
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Hippotragus leucophagus.
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The bluebuck is called a bluebuck because it has this shiny silver-blue-grey coat,
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which is really different from any other antelope species.
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It also had quite distinctive markings across its face,
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had really distinctive horns, and it was also a little bit smaller than most other antelope species.
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There are other kinds of antelope in other environments in Africa,
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but the bluebuck filled a very specific niche.
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So they're really important to help keep the ecosystem healthy by grazing on plants.
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So they eat a lot of plant matter,
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they turn it into manure that they then put all across the landscape.
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That really helps with dispersing the seeds,
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but also sometimes with the germination of that seed.
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They're a really favorite prey of many of the carnivores that you'd find in South Africa today,
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like lions and leopards.
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The bluebuck is a particularly sobering story.
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In 1777, we took advantage of a creature and led it to extinction.
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As settlers were coming into the area from European countries we started transforming what remained of their grassland habitats into farmland.
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They also saw them as competition for their cattle.
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A lot of over hunting wanted to remove them from the landscape.
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What hadn't been turned into forests turned into crops.
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They had nowhere else to live and they became extinct.
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This was something relatively recent,
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something we did, and we can bring that back where the ecosystem still has that void that we can fill.
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It's our responsibility to correct that.
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We now have several high-quality reference genomes.
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We have one that was published a few years ago,
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and we have three really well-preserved samples that we're now generating additional data from.
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So we've got that blueprint that we need to completely reconstruct what the blueback looked like.
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have really exciting advancements in artificial reproductive technologies for antelopes.
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This idea that we can figure out how to build embryos in vitro in the lab.
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Tools that we need to be able to turn
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that genome back into a whole living animal that we can put back into the landscape.
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Rhone has become the genomic donor and will be the surrogate of the first blue bug.
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We are working on ovum pickup procedures.
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That's the ability to retrieve eggs from these females.
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We do it monthly so that we have a regular supply of oocytes
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that can go back to the lab for additional techniques like IVF,
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embryo culture, embryo freezing.
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Just getting one single egg out of a roan or out of an oryx was a world's first.
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In oryx, the next procedure would be an embryo transfer.
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With roan, we need to try to produce those embryos in vitriol.
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This is exciting because it's also an opportunity to learn things
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and expand our technologies to an entirely different branch of the animal tree of life.
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Southern Africa is an amazing wild place,
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but it has been heavily impacted by things like agriculture and human development.
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By bringing this species back,
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we're able to help encourage habitat restoration and rewilding efforts that support not just antelope conservation,
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but sort of an umbrella effect of protection for plant and animal species alike.
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I think we'll really speed up all of those conservation ideas
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that people have that maybe don't have the resources or the knowledge to do,
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and really prevent a lot of animals from going extinct really quickly.
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With the reproductive science that we do,
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that's an enhancement that can be added to a breeding program,
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a reintroduction program, conservation cloning, or even disease resistance.
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Those are things that Glossal is working on.
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We care for them tremendously.
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Steve's team does a fantastic job making sure that their welfare is taken care of and prioritized.
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How are we responsible for them?
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How are we going to make sure that they have optimal welfare?
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What does that look like?
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So we begin that process before we ever start the science.
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The extinction can't happen in a bubble.
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We have to build mass networks across the globe in order to help make the extinction successful.
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I'd like my children one day to be able to see these species.
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There's plenty of antelope species getting hunted because of their beautiful coat colors, their horns.
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As we work toward grassland restoration,
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blue buck restoration, we're going to develop tools
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that we can use to help other species that are in danger of becoming extinct avoid that same fate.
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We have this unique opportunity to be able to move things forward and to be able to pioneer science that's been established,
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but take it into the future and be able to apply
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that to the conservation of all these rare
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and endangered species today on our journey towards the de-extinction of iconic species like the bluebuck.
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That's sort of the benefit behind Philosol is you have this team of scientists that are willing to put heart,
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blood, soul, tears, everything into figuring out what's the protocol,
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how do we get it to work?
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When we are successful, it will mean we have brought back a species
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that has not walked this earth for hundreds of years.
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This is a lineage on the animal tree of life that really nobody has focused on for the purposes of conservation.
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We're making incredible progress at a rate that I couldn't have predicted.
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And I am excited for what the next several years are going to bring.
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We could try this.
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We could try this.
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Bluebark.
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Bluebark.
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Bluebark antelope.
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.

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주요 어휘 및 구문

  • extinction (멸종): 특정 종의 개체가 더 이상 존재하지 않음.
  • ecosystem (생태계): 생물과 환경이 상호작용하는 시스템.
  • genome (유전체): 생물의 유전자 전체를 복합적으로 반영하는 정보.
  • graze (풀을 뜯다): 주로 초식 동물이 풀이나 식물을 먹는 행위.
  • embryo (배아): 생물의 초기 발달 단계로, 수정란에서 발달함.
  • surrogate (대리): 다른 생명체의 역할을 대신하는 것.
  • over hunting (과도한 사냥): 지속 가능한 수준을 넘는 사냥.
  • in vitro (시험관 내): 자연환경이 아닌 인위적인 환경에서 진행되는 실험.

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