쉐도잉 연습: Diébédo Francis Kéré: How to build with clay... and community - YouTube로 영어 말하기 배우기
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Reviewer Gopalco
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Reviewer Gopalco
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I would like to show you how architecture has helped
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to change the life of my community and have open opportunities to hope.
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I am a native of Burkina Faso.
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According to the World Bank, Burkina Faso is one of the poorest countries in the world.
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But what does it look like to grow up in a place like that?
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I am an example of that.
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I was born in a little village called Gando.
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In Gando, there was no electricity, no access to clean drinking water, and no school.
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But my father wanted me to learn how to read and write.
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For this reason, I have to leave my family
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when I was seven and to stay in a city far away from my village with no contact with my family.
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In this place, I sat in a class like that with more than 150 other kids.
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and for six years.
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And this time, it just happened to me to come to school to realize that my classmate was died.
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Today, not so much has changed.
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There is still no electricity in my village, people still die in Burkina Faso,
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and access to clean drinking water is still a big problem.
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I had a luck.
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I was lucky.
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Because this is a fact of life when you grow up in a place like that.
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But I was lucky.
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I had a scholarship.
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I could go to Germany to study. So now,
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I suppose I don't need to explain to you how great
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a privilege it is for me to be standing before you today.
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From Gando, my home village in Burkina Faso, to Berlin in Germany to become an architect,
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it's a big, big step.
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But what to do with this privilege?
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Since as a student, I wanted to open up better opportunities to other kids in Gano, I just wanted to use my skills and build a school.
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But how do you do when you're still a student and you don't have money?
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Oh yes, I started to make drawings and ask for money.
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Fundraising was not an easy task.
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I even asked my classmates to spend less money on coffee and cigarettes but to sponsor my school project.
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You will wonder, two years later, I was able to collect 50,000 US dollars.
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When I came home to Ghandu to bring the good news, my people were over the moon.
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But when they realized that I was planning to use clay, they were shocked.
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A clay building is not able to stay in the rainy season.
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And Francis wants us to use it and build a school.
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Is this the reason why he spends so much time in Europe studying instead of working on the field with us?
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My people build all the time with clay, but they don't see any innovation with math.
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So I have to convince everybody.
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I started to speak with the community, I could convince everybody and we could start to work.
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And the women, the men, everybody from the village paths was part of this building process.
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I was allowed to use even traditional techniques.
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So, clay floor for example, the young men come and stand like that, beating.
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Hours, four hours, and then their mother came.
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And they beat in this position.
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for hours, giving water, giving water and beating.
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And then the polisher cap, they start polishing it with a stone for hours.
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And then, you have this result.
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Very fine, like a baby button.
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It's now Photoshop.
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This is the school built with the community.
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The walls are totally made out of compressive clay blocks from Gander.
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The roof structure is made with cheap steel bars normally hiding inside concrete.
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In the classroom, the ceiling is made out of both of them used together.
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In this school there was a simple idea to create comfort in the classroom.
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Don't forget, it can be 45 degrees in Burkina Faso.
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So with simple ventilation, I wanted to make the classroom good for teaching and learning.
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And this is the project today.
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Twelve years old, still in the best condition.
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And the kids, they love it.
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And for me and my community, this project was a huge success.
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It has opened up opportunities to do more projects in Gano.
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So I could do a lot of projects
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and here I'm going to share with you only three of them three of them.
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The first one is the school extension, of course.
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How do you explain drawings and engineering to people who are neither able to read nor write?
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I start to build a prototype like that.
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The innovation was to build a clay vault.
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And then I jump on the top like that with my team, and it works.
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The community is looking, it still works.
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So we can build.
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And we keep building, and that is the result.
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The kids are happy and they love it.
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The community is very proud.
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We made it.
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And even animals, like these donkeys, love our buildings.
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The next project is the library in Gander.
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You see now, we try to use, introduce different ideas in our buildings, but we often don't have so much material.
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Something we have in Ghandlo are clay pots.
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We wanted to use them to create openings.
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So we just bring them, like you can see, to the building site.
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We start to cut them, and then we place them on the top of the roof before we pour the concrete.
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And you have this result.
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The openings are letting the hot air out and lighting.
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Very simple.
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My most recent project in Gando is a high school project.
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I would like to share with you this.
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The innovation in this project is to cast mud, like you would cast concrete.
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How do you cast mud?
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We start making a lot of models, like you can see, like you can see, and when everything is ready, when you know what is the best receipt and the best form,
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you start working with the community.
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And sometimes, I can leave.
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They will do it themselves.
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I came to speak to you like that.
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Another factor in Gando is rain.
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When the rains come, we hurry up to protect our fragile walls against the rain.
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Don't conform with Christon Jean-Claude.
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It is simply how we protect our walls.
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The rain in Burkina comes very fast.
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And after that, you have flood everywhere in the country.
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But for us, the rain is good.
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It brings sand and gravel to the river.
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We need to use the build.
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We just wait for the rain to go.
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We take the sand, we mix them with clay, and we keep building. That is it.
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The Gando project was always connected to training the people because I just wondered, one day, when I fall down and die,
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I will die that at least one person from Gando keeps doing this work.
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But you will be surprised, I'm still alive.
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And my people now can use their skills to earn money themselves.
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Usually for a young man from Gando, to earn money, you have to leave the country to the city, Sometimes they leave the country,
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and some never come back, making the community weaker.
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But now, they can stay in the country and work on different building sites and earn money to feed their family.
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It's a new quality in this work.
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Yes, you know it.
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I have won a lot of awards through this work.
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For sure, it has open opportunities.
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I have become myself now.
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But the reason why I do what I do is my community.
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When I was a kid, I was going to school, I was coming back every holiday to Gando.
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By the end of every holiday, I have to say goodbye to the community, going from one compound to another one.
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All women in Gando will open their clothes like that and give me the last penny.
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In my culture, this is a symbol of deep affection.
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As a seven-year-old guy, I was impressed.
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I was just asking my mother one day, why all these women love me so much?
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She just answered, they are contributing to pay for your education,
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hoping that you will be successful and one day come back and help improve the quality of life of the community.
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I hope now that I was able to make my community proud through this work.
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And I hope I was able to prove you the power of community.
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and to show you that architecture can be inspiring for communities to shape their own future.
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Merci beaucoup.
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주요 어휘 및 구문
- build: 짓다
- community: 공동체
- opportunities: 기회
- scholarship: 장학금
- fundraising: 기금 모금
- clay: 점토
- innovation: 혁신
- polishing: 연마하기
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