쉐도잉 연습: How Digital Culture Is Reshaping Our Faces and Bodies | Elise Hu | TED - YouTube로 영어 말하기 배우기

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Earlier this year, I was in Taipei, Taiwan, where I decided I wanted to make a TikTok about Cup Noodle.
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Earlier this year, I was in Taipei, Taiwan, where I decided I wanted to make a TikTok about Cup Noodle.
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Only this brilliant TikTok never happened because of the shock I got when I opened up the app and flipped it into selfie mode.
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The face looking back at me was a face, but not exactly my face.
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A whole array of beauty filters had automatically worked me over, and I could not turn them off.
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There was so much going on here: skin smoothing, skin lightening, teeth whitening, nose narrowing, bigger eyes, and it gave me a thinner, softer jawline.
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This was a whole lot of nonconsensual filtering or what someone joked was forced catfishing.
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And for me, it's the perfect example of something called the technological gaze at work.
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What is it?
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Women have had to play to the male gaze forever, you know what that is.
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But the technological gaze describes an algorithmically driven perspective that we learn to internalize, perform for and optimize for.
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And then, by taking in all our data, the machines learn to perform us, in an endless feedback loop.
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We learn it so young.
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An estimated 80 percent of 13-year-old girls in America have already used filters or some kind of editing to alter their appearance online.
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And these days, the filters are hyperrealistic because they tend to be AI-generated.
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They come with a suite of characteristics teaching us how to look, things like arched eyebrows, or higher cheekbones or plump lips.
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What then happens is we see the gap between the way we look in the mirror and the way we look in these filters, and the digital world begins to dictate real-world beauty standards.
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We've seen it in celebrity culture, and I know this, because I saw it when I lived and worked in Seoul, South Korea, as the NPR Bureau Chief there nearly 10 years ago.
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Seoul is all about optimizing your face and your body.
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If you want your vagina rejuvenated, your skull reshaped, any part of your body lifted or enhanced, have at it.
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It's the cosmetic surgery capital of the world.
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Nearly half of all Korean women have already undergone some kind of plastic surgery by the time they're in their 20s.
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No other place comes close.
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These days, traptox is really popular.
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That's injecting Botox into the base of your neck, your trapezius muscles, to give the appearance of a longer neck.
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Calves are being injected with Botox for the same reason.
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Having a slimmer jawline is so desirable that a Seoul plastic surgery clinic once displayed the human bones of jaws it had shaved down in a glass vase in its lobby.
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This has since been removed, but this kind of body augmentation work isn't just accepted, it is expected, because in Seoul, looks matter so much for your professional and personal advancement.
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Headshots are required on résumés.
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Hiring bosses make character judgments based on your face.
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You were often bullied if you were bald or big.
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Trying to look better is framed as a route to economic security and a matter of personal responsibility.
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But Korea just shows us a more concentrated and extreme example of the pretty privilege that exists everywhere.
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Look at fatphobia in the United States, helping drive off-the-charts, off-label use of Ozempic, not for diabetes, but for weight loss.
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It makes sense when we are so rewarded for thinness and stigmatized for fatness.
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And all I'm saying is we should reckon with this, because the more narrow our idea of beauty is, the wider the pool of ugly becomes.
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And digital culture is now reshaping our actual faces and bodies.
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Under the technological gaze, I worry that our bodies become projects to be worked on ... forever.
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And if we don’t slow down this body augmentation arms race that I saw in Seoul, then the enhancements that were available there only get farther and farther out of reach.
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And not just for women.
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Because if we are chasing digital beauty, well, then, the limit does not exist.
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AI's idea of attractiveness is only increasingly inhuman ... and cyborgian.
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I don't want this.
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I don't want my daughters coming up in a world in which their looks are the most important things about them.
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It is incredibly marginalizing to everybody who can’t fit in and exhausting for everyone who can, because you are constantly having to make or pay for interventions in order to keep up.
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So what do we do?
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Filters aren't going anywhere, but we can challenge what the system is optimized for by changing what it means to be beautiful.
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Just as the solution to homophobia isn't to make everyone straight, and the solution to racism isn't to make everyone white, the solution to lookism and fatphobia isn't to make everyone interchangeably skinny and conventionally pretty.
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In fact, it's the opposite.
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It's to celebrate diversity and the differences that make us who we are, that are inherent to the human condition.
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And ultimately, we have to disrupt a system that reduces our worthiness to our looks.
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Even though my face is rounder and probably darker than an algorithm would like, I have come here tonight wearing my actual face.
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And my hope for all of you is that you feel comfortable and will continue to feel comfortable doing the same.
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Because I see a wide variety of jawlines out here tonight, and let me just say they are all worthy.
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Thank you. (Cheers and applause)

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왜 이 비디오로 말하기 연습을 할까요?

이 비디오는 디지털 문화가 우리의 외모와 본질을 어떻게 형성하는지를 다루고 있습니다. 이런 주제를 통해 영어로 소통하는 맥락을 이해하고, 더 나아가 영어 회화 연습에도 큰 도움이 됩니다. 대화의 맥락이 진지하고 깊이 있는 주제를 다루고 있기 때문에, 학습자들은 실생활에서의 어려운 주제에 대해 말할 수 있는 자신감을 얻게 됩니다. 그리고 이러한 비디오는 실제 IELTS 스피킹 시험에서도 다루어질 수 있는 주제입니다. 따라서 이 비디오를 반복해서 보면서 영어 발음 교정을 하고, shadow speech 기법을 통해 자기 발음을 개선할 수 있습니다.

문맥 속의 문법 및 표현

발표자 Elise Hu의 언어 사용에서 몇 가지 중요한 문법 구조와 표현을 발견할 수 있습니다:

  • 수동태: "was shaped by"와 같은 수동태 구조는 누군가 또는 무엇인가에 의해 영향을 받는 상황을 설명하는 데 유용합니다.
  • 조건문: "If we don’t slow down..."처럼 조건문을 사용하여 가정적인 상황을 설명함으로써 예상되는 결과를 명확히 제시합니다.
  • 강조 표현: "It is incredibly marginalizing..."에서처럼 'incredibly'와 같은 부사를 사용하여 감정을 강조하는 기법이 돋보입니다.

이러한 문법 구조를 연습하면 보다 자연스러운 영어 회화를 구사하는 데 큰 도움이 됩니다.

일반적인 발음 함정

비디오에서 특히 주의해야 할 발음 함정이 몇 가지 있습니다:

  • Algorithm: 이 단어는 '얼고리즘'으로 발음하는 것이 일반적입니다. 다소 복잡한 단어이기 때문에 이 부분에서 샤도우 스피치 기법을 활용해 여러 번 반복해 보세요.
  • Hyperrealistic: 이 단어는 '하이퍼리얼리스틱'으로 발음되며, 특히 r 사운드에 주의해야 합니다.
  • Augmentation: 이 단어는 '오그멘테이션'으로 발음되며, 발음의 강세에 신경 써야 합니다.

영어 발음 교정을 통해 이처럼 발음이 어려운 단어들을 연습하면 자연스러운 영어 발화 능력을 키울 수 있습니다.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

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