쉐도잉 연습: The genius of Marie Curie - Shohini Ghose - YouTube로 영어 말하기 배우기

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If you want a glimpse of Marie Curie's manuscripts, you'll have to sign a waiver and put on protective gear to shield yourself from radiation contamination.
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If you want a glimpse of Marie Curie's manuscripts, you'll have to sign a waiver and put on protective gear to shield yourself from radiation contamination.
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Madame Curie's remains, too, were interred in a lead-lined coffin, keeping the radiation that was the heart of her research, and likely the cause of her death, well contained.
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Growing up in Warsaw in Russian-occupied Poland, the young Marie, originally named Maria Sklodowska, was a brilliant student, but she faced some challenging barriers.
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As a woman, she was barred from pursuing higher education, so in an act of defiance, Marie enrolled in the Floating University, a secret institution that provided clandestine education to Polish youth.
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By saving money and working as a governess and tutor, she eventually was able to move to Paris to study at the reputed Sorbonne.
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There, Marie earned both a physics and mathematics degree surviving largely on bread and tea, and sometimes fainting from near starvation.
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In Paris, Marie met the physicist Pierre Curie, who shared his lab and his heart with her.
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But she longed to be back in Poland.
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Upon her return to Warsaw, though, she found that securing an academic position as a woman remained a challenge.
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All was not lost.
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Back in Paris, the lovelorn Pierre was waiting, and the pair quickly married and became a formidable scientific team.
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Another physicist's work sparked Marie Curie's interest.
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In 1896, Henri Becquerel discovered that uranium spontaneously emitted a mysterious X-ray-like radiation that could interact with photographic film.
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Curie soon found that the element thorium emitted similar radiation.
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Most importantly, the strength of the radiation depended solely on the element's quantity, and was not affected by physical or chemical changes.
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This led her to conclude that radiation was coming from something fundamental within the atoms of each element.
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The idea was radical and helped to disprove the long-standing model of atoms as indivisible objects.
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Next, by focusing on a super radioactive ore called pitchblende, the Curies realized that uranium alone couldn't be creating all the radiation.
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So, were there other radioactive elements that might be responsible?
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In 1898, they reported two new elements, polonium, named for Marie's native Poland, and radium, the Latin word for ray.
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They also coined the term radioactivity along the way.
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By 1902, the Curies had extracted a tenth of a gram of pure radium chloride salt from several tons of pitchblende, an incredible feat at the time.
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Later that year, Pierre Curie and Henri Becquerel were nominated for the Nobel Prize in physics, but Marie was overlooked.
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Pierre took a stand in support of his wife's well-earned recognition.
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And so both of the Curies and Becquerel shared the 1903 Nobel Prize, making Marie Curie the first female Nobel Laureate.
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Well funded and well respected, the Curies were on a roll.
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But tragedy struck in 1906 when Pierre was crushed by a horse-drawn cart as he crossed a busy intersection.
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Marie, devastated, immersed herself in her research and took over Pierre's teaching position at the Sorbonne, becoming the school's first female professor.
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Her solo work was fruitful.
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In 1911, she won yet another Nobel, this time in chemistry for her earlier discovery of radium and polonium, and her extraction and analysis of pure radium and its compounds.
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This made her the first, and to this date, only person to win Nobel Prizes in two different sciences.
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Professor Curie put her discoveries to work, changing the landscape of medical research and treatments.
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She opened mobile radiology units during World War I, and investigated radiation's effects on tumors.
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However, these benefits to humanity may have come at a high personal cost.
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Curie died in 1934 of a bone marrow disease, which many today think was caused by her radiation exposure.
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Marie Curie's revolutionary research laid the groundwork for our understanding of physics and chemistry, blazing trails in oncology, technology, medicine, and nuclear physics, to name a few.
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For good or ill, her discoveries in radiation launched a new era, unearthing some of science's greatest secrets.

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주요 어휘 및 구문

  • 문서 - manuscript
  • 일반 - ordinary
  • 중요한 - crucial
  • 독창적인 - original
  • 원소 - element
  • 방사선 - radiation
  • 발견하다 - discover
  • 수상하다 - win

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