쉐도잉 연습: What happens when the permafrost thaws? | BBC Ideas - YouTube로 영어 말하기 배우기

C1
When you think of the Arctic, maybe you picture this.
⏸ 일시 정지
118 문장
문장이 너무 짧거나 길면 Edit를 눌러 조정하세요.
1
When you think of the Arctic, maybe you picture this.
2
Or this.
3
Or this.
4
You're not going to imagine a piece of scrubby brown dirt.
5
That brown dirt is permafrost.
6
No one is born, like, fascinated with permafrost.
7
I do find it exciting to think about different sediments and so on.
8
You don't have to pretend.
9
But what permafrost does is of huge importance to the entire planet.
10
This is a map of permafrost and you see in purple here,
11
the dark purple especially, the areas that are permafrost.
12
Around 11% of the Earth's landmass is covered by permafrost.
13
Half of Canada, two-thirds of Russia, even the Tibetan plateau.
14
And this place, the remote Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard.
15
...the Arctic and Antarctic regions composed of organic material...
16
In two words, it's frozen ground.
17
Where is it?
18
Here, here, here, here, here.
19
Permafrost is rock, sediment or ice that remains at or below zero degrees Celsius for two or more consecutive years.
20
Most of it has been frozen for much, much longer than that.
21
Arctic permafrost tends to be a few thousand years old and areas in Antarctica we find permafrost that's millions of years old.
22
But just because it's ancient doesn't mean all the permafrost is always frozen.
23
We have what we call the active layer.
24
The active layer sits on top of the permafrost and thaws and freezes on an annual basis.
25
We'll come here with a metal probe.
26
We poke through the ground every week.
27
We take a measure of how far the thaw has evolved through the summer,
28
and then the maximum depth at each point will represent the active layer depth for that year.
29
This active layer allows for different ecosystems to sit on top
30
of the permafrost from huge forests to treeless plains known as the tundra.
31
But this delicate balance is now being disrupted by climate change.
32
I've got pictures here that show the mean annual temperature and you can see basically the blue areas that are on here.
33
These areas would expect to be permafrosted.
34
This is gradually becoming redder and redder.
35
The Arctic, it's warming at three to four times the rate of the rest of the planet.
36
This kind of weather, it's not supposed to be like this in October.
37
It's supposed to be minus 15.
38
Clear, dry climate.
39
And it's not.
40
It's a rainstorm.
41
As temperatures rise, the permafrost is thawing.
42
On average, the active layer has been deepening about 0.6 cm per year for the last 10 years,
43
which is about this much.
44
But think about that through the whole landscape.
45
We're seeing that the active layer is getting deeper and deeper in permafrost regions around the world.
46
It creates immediate impacts.
47
As the surface of the permafrost thaws downwards,
48
many things that were frozen are uncovered.
49
This could include as many as 10 million woolly mammoths.
50
And there are fears that ancient viruses could reawaken and infect humans.
51
But there's something else which concerns scientists much more.
52
The scariest thing that is happening with permafrost is what it is doing to the climate itself.
53
Permafrost acts as a storage.
54
It locks up the carbon from dead vegetation quite effectively and it's accumulated over many thousands of years.
55
we have this organic matter that's stored in the freezer.
56
And as soon as you open the freezer door,
57
then that becomes available to decay.
58
There's estimated to be four times more carbon trapped in permafrost than all of the human-generated CO2 emissions in modern history.
59
The release into the atmosphere of even a fraction of this as carbon dioxide
60
and methane will have a profound effect on the climate.
61
The more greenhouse gases that are in the atmosphere,
62
the warmer the climate, the thicker the active layer,
63
and the more greenhouse gases can escape from that portion of the permafrost that was locked away.
64
There's sort of an underlying flow level of change slowly creeping up on us.
65
People will frame permafrost thought as something that is a future catastrophe,
66
when actually there is a catastrophe going on right now for people who live on top of permafrost.
67
People like Jessie, who lives here in the Inyavik region of the Northwest Territories in Arctic Canada.
68
Just being out on the land,
69
it really puts my soul at ease.
70
This is the land that our ancestors have walked in.
71
When I was younger, I didn't really know what permafrost was.
72
In recent years, it's been thawing fairly rapidly.
73
The most obvious way that the permafrost melting impacts on human society is
74
that the ground that was once really solid and hard suddenly becomes squishy.
75
There are things called thermocast mega slumps,
76
which is a fantastic name for a band.
77
The ground kind of collapses in on itself and creates these huge craters.
78
There's one in Arctic Russia,
79
which is called the Doorway to the Underworld,
80
and it's getting bigger by the day.
81
And you have large masses of land just flowing away because they're no longer solid.
82
I see the wounds in the landscape from the landslides,
83
and it reminds me that the whole earth is crying out.
84
It's a wounded earth.
85
So this is the old hospital building.
86
We're going to go on the back of it.
87
That's where you can really see the damage.
88
We noticed that our home was starting to crack.
89
So me and my dad,
90
we always tried to just adapt to it to keep our house level.
91
Buildings start to crack.
92
The roads will buckle, power lines will tear.
93
We just try to fix things for now and just take it like year by year.
94
People have lived in the Arctic for thousands of years now and they're seeing unprecedented changes to their environment.
95
In Eklavik our motto is never say die.
96
So when it floods or when our roads start to disappear there are still people
97
that live here and love it here and they wouldn't want to move anywhere else.
98
Knowing that all of this ice is going to melt underneath us makes me a little bit scared for the future.
99
Permafrost thaw could bring some new possibilities,
100
from mining areas opening up to the potential to grow new crops.
101
But both could exacerbate climate change and be of little consolation to the people losing their homes.
102
In terms of slowing down or stopping this,
103
is there anything we can do?
104
Um...
105
I guess.. not really.
106
The thing we can do is to stop climate from warming in the first place.
107
There isn't, unfortunately, very much we can do if we warm the planet to then stop the permafrost from melting.
108
One cold winter will not freeze back permafrost.
109
What we can do is make more informed decisions and make sure
110
that we build communities that are resilient to changes that are going to occur.
111
If they continue to listen to our people about all the stuff that's happening,
112
then that gives me a little bit of hope.
113
I think this is the beginnings of us starting to think in a way
114
that highlights the more entangled ways that humans exist with nature and their environments.
115
There's a lot of northern folks all around the globe.
116
They all have their own traditions and values.
117
I think my message would just be to help us out up here,
118
you know, be a part of a solution.

앱 다운로드

당신이 말하는 모든 문장을 AI가 채점

스캔하여 다운로드
스캔하여 다운로드
Download on theApp Store
Get it onGoogle Play
TRENDING

인기 동영상

왜 이 영상으로 말하기 연습을 해야 할까요?

이 영상을 통해 아틱과 남극의 영구 동토층에 대한 중요한 정보를 배울 수 있습니다. 영어 쉐도잉 기법을 사용하면, 기후 변화와 그에 따른 자연 환경의 변화를 주제로 한 대화에서 능숙하게 표현할 수 있는 능력을 기를 수 있습니다. 영상의 내용은 전문적이고 구체적이기 때문에, 고급 영어 회화 기술을 발전시키는 데 탁월한 자료가 됩니다. shadowspeaks 같은 접근 방식을 통해, 실제 대화에서도 자연스럽고 자신감 있게 이야기할 수 있습니다.

문법 및 표현 분석

  • Present perfect continuous tense: "has been deepening"과 같은 표현은 과거부터 현재까지의 영향을 나타냅니다. 이를 통해 변화의 지속성을 설명할 수 있습니다.
  • Conditional sentences: "If temperatures rise, the permafrost is thawing"처럼 가정법을 사용하면 미래의 가능성을 강조할 수 있습니다. 이는 가정적인 상황을 설명할 때 유용합니다.
  • Comparatives: "three to four times the rate of the rest of the planet"와 같은 비교 문장은 상대적인 변화를 명확히 전달하는 데 도움을 줍니다.

일반적인 발음 함정

영상에서 언급되는 특정 단어들은 발음 시 어려움을 줄 수 있습니다. 예를 들어, "permafrost"라는 단어는 한국어 화자에게 종종 잘못 발음될 수 있습니다. 주의 깊게 발음하는 것이 중요합니다. 또한 "thaw"와 "faw"와 같은 단어들은 유사해 보여도 발음이 다릅니다. 이를 반복적으로 연습하고 영어 발음 교정에 집중하면 자신감 있게 대화할 수 있습니다.

이 영상을 활용하여 shadow speech 연습을 하고 다양한 표현을 자연스럽게 익히세요. 이를 통해 여러분의 영어 발화가 더욱 유창하고 정확해질 것입니다. shadowing site와 같은 자료를 참고하면, 다양한 상황에서 사용할 수 있는 유용한 어휘와 표현을 더욱 효과적으로 배울 수 있습니다.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

☕ 커피 한 잔 사주기