쉐도잉 연습: Why Are People Starting to Sound Like ChatGPT? | Adam Aleksic | TED - YouTube로 영어 말하기 배우기

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How sure are you that you can tell what's real online?
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How sure are you that you can tell what's real online?
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(Laughter) You might think it's easy to spot an obviously AI-generated image, and you're probably aware that algorithms are biased in some way.
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But all the evidence is suggesting that we're pretty bad at understanding that on a subconscious level.
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Take, for example, the growing perception gap in America.
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We keep over- and overestimating how extreme other people's political beliefs are, and this is only getting worse with social media, because algorithms show us the most extreme picture of reality.
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As an etymologist and content creator, I always see controversial messages go more viral because they generate more engagement than a neutral perspective.
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But that means we all end up seeing this more extreme version of reality, and we're clearly starting to confuse that with actual reality.
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The same thing is currently happening with AI chatbots, because you probably assume that ChatGPT is speaking English to you, except it's not speaking English, in the same way that the algorithm's not showing you reality.
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There are always distortions, depending on what goes into the model and how it's trained.
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Like we know that ChatGPT says “delve” at way higher rates than usual, possibly because OpenAI outsourced its training process to workers in Nigeria who do, actually, say, "delve" more frequently.
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Over time, though, that little linguistic overrepresentation got reinforced into the model even more than in the workers' own dialects.
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Now that's affecting everybody's language.
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Multiple studies have found that, since ChatGPT came out, people everywhere have been saying the word "delve" more in spontaneous spoken conversation.
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Essentially, we're subconsciously confusing the AI version of language with actual language.
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But that means that the real thing is, ironically, getting closer to the machine version of the thing.
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We're in a positive feedback loop with the AI representing reality, us thinking that's the real reality, and regurgitating it so the AI can be fed more of our data.
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You can also see this with the algorithm through words like "hyperpop," [not a] part of our cultural lexicon until Spotify noticed an emerging cluster of similar users in their algorithm.
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[When] they identified it and introduced a hyperpop playlist, however, the aesthetic was given a direction.
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Now people began to debate what did and did not qualify as hyperpop.
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The label and the playlist made the phenomenon more real by giving them something to identify with or against.
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And as more people identified with hyperpop, more musicians also started making hyperpop music.
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All the while, the cluster of similar listeners in the algorithm grew larger, and Spotify kept pushing it more, because these platforms want to amplify cultural trends to keep you on the app.
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But that means we also lose the distinction between a real trend and an artificially inflated trend.
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And yet, this is how all fads now enter the mainstream.
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We start with a latent cultural desire.
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Maybe some people are interested in matcha, Labubu or Dubai chocolate.
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The algorithm identifies this desire and pushes it to similar users, making the phenomenon more of a thing.
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But again, just like how ChatGPT misrepresented the word "delve," the algorithm is probably misrepresenting reality.
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Now more businesses are making Labubu content because they think that's the desire.
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More influencers are also making Labubu trends because we have to tap into trends to go viral.
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And yet, the algorithm is only showing you the visually provocative items that work in the video format.
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TikTok has a limited idea of who you are as a user, and there's no way that matches up with your complex desires as a human being.
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So we have a biased input.
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And that's assuming that social media is trying to faithfully represent reality, which it isn't.
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It's only trying to do what's going to make money for them.
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It's in Spotify's interest to have you listening to hyperpop, and it’s in TikTok’s to have you looking at Labubus because that's commodifiable.
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So again, we have this difference between reality and representation, where they're actually constantly influencing one another.
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But it's incredibly dangerous to ignore that distinction, because this goes beyond our language and consumptive behaviors.
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This affects the world we see as possible.
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Evidence suggests that ChatGPT is more conservative when speaking the Farsi language, likely because of the limited training texts in Iran reflect the more conservative political climate in the region.
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Does that mean that Iranian ChatGPT users will think more conservative thoughts?
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Elon Musk regularly makes changes to his chatbot Grok when he doesn't like how it's responding, and then uses his platform X to artificially amplify his tweets.
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Does that mean that the millions of Grok and X users are subconsciously being trained to align with Musk's ideology?
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We need to constantly remember that these aren't neutral tools.
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Everything that ends up in your social media feed or in your chatbot responses is actually filtered through many layers of what's good for the platform, what makes money and what conforms to the platform’s incorrect idea about who you are.
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When we ignore this, we view reality through a constant survivorship bias, which affects our understanding of the world.
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After all, if you're talking more like ChatGPT, you're probably thinking more like ChatGPT as well, or TikTok or Spotify.
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But you can fight this if you constantly ask yourself: Why?
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Why am I seeing this?
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Why am I saying this?
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Why am I thinking this?
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And why is the platform rewarding this?
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If you don't ask yourself these questions, their version of reality is going to become your version of reality.
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So stay real.
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(Cheers and applause)

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맥락 및 배경

이 TED 강연에서는 아담 알렉시치가 선보이는 매력적인 내용으로, 현대 사회에서 AI와 소셜 미디어가 우리의 언어와 사고방식에 미치는 영향을 탐구합니다. 그는 AI 챗봇인 ChatGPT가 우리의 대화 방식에 미치는 영향을 분석하며, 특히 우리가 실제로 현실을 얼마나 잘 이해하고 있는지를 질문합니다. 이러한 통찰은 영어 학습자들에게도 중요한 시사점을 제공합니다. AI의 영향을 통해 우리는 더욱 발전된 영어 발음과 표현을 필요로 하게 되며, 이는 효과적인 영어 쉐도잉과 발음 교정을 통해 가능해집니다.

일상 대화를 위한 5가지 주요 표현

  • “How sure are you that…” - 당신이 얼마나 확신하나요…
  • “Take, for example…” - 예를 들어 말하자면…
  • “This affects…” - 이것은 영향을 미칩니다…
  • “We start with…” - 우리는…로 시작합니다.
  • “Why am I seeing this?” - 왜 나는 이것을 보고 있나요?

위의 표현들은 일상 대화에서 자주 사용될 수 있으며, 영어 발음 교정 및 IELTS 스피킹 준비에 유용합니다. 영상을 통해 이 표현들을 반복적으로 사용하며 영어 쉐도잉을 실행해 보세요. 저마다의 발음을 교정하는 데 도움이 될 것입니다.

단계별 쉐도잉 가이드

이 비디오의 내용은 다소 복잡할 수 있지만, 효과적인 영어 쉐도잉을 위해 아래의 단계를 따라 해보세요. 이렇게 하면 어려운 콘텐츠를 더욱 쉽게 소화할 수 있습니다.

  1. 비디오 시청: 처음에는 내용을 이해하기 위한 목적으로 비디오를 시청하세요.
  2. 필요한 표현 노트하기: 비디오 내의 주요 표현과 문장을 체크하세요. 이는 반복적인 연습을 위한 근거가 됩니다.
  3. 쉐도잉 시작하기: 짧은 구문부터 시작해 보세요. 아담의 발음을 따라 반복하여 말합니다.
  4. 녹음하기: 자신의 목소리를 녹음해 보세요. 나의 발음을 듣고 피드백을 받을 수 있습니다.
  5. 지속적인 반복: 샤도우스픽(shadowspeak) 방식으로 여러 번 반복 연습하세요. 이를 통해 자연스럽게 발음이 교정됩니다.

이 과정을 통해 당신의 영어 능력은 놀라울 정도로 향상될 것입니다. 알고리즘의 영향을 의식하고, 효과적인 학습 방법을 활용해보세요. 언어와 사고가 서로 영향을 미치는 만큼, 적극적으로 자신의 언어 능력을 개발하는 것이 중요합니다.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

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