Shadowing Practice: Prince Reza Pahlavi on Fox News with Martha MacCallum | 22 September 2026 - Learn English Speaking with Video
Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson
This video has 143 sentences and 1891 words to shadow. The speech runs for 10:48. The speaker talks at a natural 175 words per minute, close to everyday conversation. 86% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English; the rest is worth studying before you start.
Key vocabulary in this video
15 words from the video worth learning, with pronunciation and meaning:
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| regime noun | /ɹəˈʒiːm/ | Mode of rule or management. |
| stability noun | /stəˈbɪlɪti/ | The condition of being stable or in equilibrium, and thus resistant to change. |
| freeze verb | /ˈfɹiːz/ | Especially of a liquid, to become solid due to low temperature. |
| survival noun | /sɚˈvaɪ.vəl/ | The fact or act of surviving; continued existence or life. |
| ethnic adjective | /ˈɛθ.nɪk/ | Of or relating to a group of people having common racial, ancestral, national, religious or cultural origins. |
| ongoing adjective | /ɒnˈɡəʊ.ɪŋ/ | Continuing, permanent, lasting. |
| boot noun | /but/ | A heavy shoe that covers part of the leg. |
| clarity noun | /ˈklæɹ.ɪ.ti/ | The state or measure of being clear, either in appearance, thought or style; lucidity. |
| taxpayer noun | /ˈtakspeɪə/ | A person who is subject to, liable for, or pays tax. |
| exile noun | /ˈɛɡˌzaɪl/ | The state of being banished from one's home or country. |
| slaughter noun | /ˈslɔːtə/ | The killing of animals, generally for food. |
| shah noun | /ʃɑː/ | A king of Persia or Iran. |
| negotiation noun | /nɪˌɡəʊ.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ | The process of achieving agreement through discussion. |
| practical adjective | /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.kəl/ | Relating to, or based on, practice or action rather than theory or hypothesis. |
| regardless adverb | /ɹɪˈɡɑɹd.lɪs/ | Without attention to warnings or indications of bad consequences. |
Phrasal verbs you will hear
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| shut down verb | To close, terminate, or end; to stop operating, either permanently or temporarily. | |
| bring back verb | /ˈbɹɪŋ bæk/ | To fetch something. |
| build up verb | To erect; to construct. | |
| come across verb | To change sides; to cross over to work for the opposition. | |
| come up verb | To emerge or become known, especially unexpectedly. | |
| get across verb | To cross; to move from one side (of something) to the other, literally or figuratively. | |
| give up verb | To surrender (someone or something); to inform on (someone). | |
| kick out verb | To eject, dismiss, expel, or forcefully remove (someone or something). |
Pronunciation to watch
The speaker uses 11 contractions and reduced forms, such as I'm, don't, didn't. Say them the short way, as you hear them.
- The “th” sounds: ethnic /ˈɛθ.nɪk/, overthrow /ˌoʊvɚˈθɹoʊ/
- The “sh” and “zh” sounds: regime /ɹəˈʒiːm/, shah /ʃɑː/, negotiation /nɪˌɡəʊ.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/, contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/
- Long words — get the stress right: stability /stəˈbɪlɪti/, negotiation /nɪˌɡəʊ.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/, successfully /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/
How to practise with this video
- Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
- Start at 0.75× speed, shadow it sentence by sentence, then go back to normal speed once it feels easy.
- Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like regime, stability, freeze.
Grammar in this video
The structures the speaker uses most, with the exact words from the video:
| Structure | In the video |
|---|---|
| Passive voice be + past participle — the focus is on what happens, not who does it | were forced · was flown · cannot be attained |
| Present perfect have/has + past participle — a past action that still matters now | has come · has said · have been frozen |
| Relative clauses who / which + clause — extra information about a person or thing | people who watched · people who have |
What is the Shadowing Technique?
Shadowing is a science-backed language learning technique originally developed for professional interpreter training and popularized by polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. The method is simple but powerful: you listen to native English audio and immediately repeat it out loud — like a shadow following the speaker with just a 1–2 second delay. Unlike passive listening or grammar drills, shadowing forces your brain and mouth muscles to simultaneously process and reproduce real speech patterns. Research shows it significantly improves pronunciation accuracy, intonation, rhythm, connected speech, listening comprehension, and speaking fluency — making it one of the most effective methods for IELTS Speaking preparation and real-world English communication.











