Prática de Shadowing: Can we boost the immune system? ⏲️ 6 Minute English - Aprenda a falar inglês com o YouTube
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6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com Hello.
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6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com Hello.
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This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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I'm Georgie.
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And I'm Neil.
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In this programme, we're talking about the immune system,
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which is the body's natural defence against getting ill.
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Now Georgie, is there anything you do to boost your immune system?
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Yes.
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I try to eat lots of oranges,
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which apparently have lots of vitamin C.
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And there are lots of things people do to try to improve their immune system and stay healthier,
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like eating certain foods, taking vitamins or even activities like swimming in cold water.
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We'll find out how useful some of these techniques are in today's programme.
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But first, Georgie, a question.
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We all know the common cold.
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Now that's the illness that makes you cough and sneeze,
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have a sore throat and headache.
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But how many colds does the average adult get in the UK each year?
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Is it A, 2 to 3,
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B, 4 to 5, or C, 7 to 8?
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Hmm...
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8 would be a lot.
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I'm going to go with A,
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2 to 3 colds a year.
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Well, we'll find out at the end of the programme if you're right.
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Now, many people can become ill over the winter with diseases like colds, flu and COVID-19.
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Host of BBC Radio 4 programme Inside Health,
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James Gallagher, gathered some experts to talk about immune systems,
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and he started off by asking whether they'd had more illnesses than usual this winter.
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Hello.
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Hi.
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Right, how has everyone been this winter?
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Because I've had a rotten one and I have felt constantly ill since about November.
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John?
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I have not had anything yet, touch wood.
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OK, let's see what I can infect you with by the end of the show.
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Margaret?
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I was pretty unwell in September.
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I had what I presumed to be Covid,
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but I've been all right since, mild snuffles aside.
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Eleanor, I really need someone to back me up.
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Er, no, sorry, I've been absolutely 100% tickety-boo.
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Unlike James, Professor John Tregoning hasn't been ill.
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John uses the expression, touch wood,
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which is an informal phrase said in order to avoid bad luck.
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Dr Margaret McCartney was unwell in September but has only had a few snuffles since.
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Snuffles is an informal word used to describe minor illnesses that affect your nose.
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We can also say sniffles.
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Host James is surprised that nobody has been ill and says to Professor Eleanor Riley,
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back me up.
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If you ask someone to back you up,
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you're asking for them to say something which supports your opinion.
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But Eleanor has had a healthy winter too.
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She's been tickety-boo, which is an informal phrase meaning everything's fine or in good order.
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Throughout the winter, many people try different techniques,
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like taking supplements or eating certain foods to boost their immune system,
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to improve their body's natural defences against disease.
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Host of BBC Radio 4's Inside Health,
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James Gallagher, asks Dr Margaret McCartney whether some of these products are successful.
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OK, quick fire round, Margaret.
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Echinacea?
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No. Turmeric?
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No. Ginger shots?
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No. This is a very, very good quiz.
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What about the stuff you squirt up your nose when you're at the beginning of an infection?
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Interesting, but not any better than normal saline spray, just salt water.
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In fact, according to Margaret,
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there isn't enough evidence that many popular health products can actually change the way your immune system works.
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Another popular health trend in the UK is cold water swimming.
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People who swim in cold water say it's good for their mental health
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and they also believe it makes them less likely to get ill during the winter months.
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But scientists aren't sure about the benefits of cold water swimming for the immune system yet,
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as Professor John Tregoning explains to BBC Radio 4's Inside Health.
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The social element actually is really important and it probably is beneficial to do,
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you reduce stress and cortisol dampens the immune system.
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So actually, if you're stressed,
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then maybe you are more prone to infection,
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and that may be why that benefit of being with people,
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nice people that you like in nice places, is helping.
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But I don't think it's unique to cold water swimming.
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I think you could probably get it from dancing or singing or going for a run.
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John says that cortisol, a chemical associated with stress, dampens the immune system.
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Here, dampens means makes weaker.
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We also have a common expression,
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dampen someone's spirits, which means to make them less enthusiastic about something.
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John says that there is evidence that people who are stressed are more prone to infection.
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If you're more prone to something,
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it's more likely to happen to you.
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It could be that cold water swimming reduces stress and so it helps people's immune systems work well.
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But there are lots of other activities that could have the same effect and help people have fewer colds over winter.
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Which reminds me of my question, Georgie.
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I asked how many colds the average UK adult has a year.
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And I said two to three.
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And that is the correct answer, so well done!
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Thank you!
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OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've learnt starting with touch wood,
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which is an expression used,
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often in speech, to avoid bad luck.
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Snuffles are minor illnesses that affect your nose.
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If you ask someone to back you up,
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you want them to say something to support your opinion.
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The expression tickety-boo means fine and in good order.
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If you dampen something, you make it weaker.
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And the expression dampen someone's spirits means you make them less enthusiastic about something.
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And if you're more prone to something,
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it's more likely to happen to you.
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Once again, our six minutes are up,
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but you can test what you've learned with the free interactive quiz on our website.
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Bye for now.
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Goodbye.
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Thanks for listening to this podcast from BBC Learning English.
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Continue your learning on our website with courses,
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quizzes and programmes to improve your English.
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visit bbclearningenglish.com.
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Contexto & Antecedentes
No episódio do programa “6 Minute English” da BBC, os apresentadores Georgie e Neil discutem o sistema imunológico, uma importante defesa natural do corpo contra doenças. Durante a conversa, Georgie compartilha suas práticas para fortalecer seu sistema imunológico, como consumir laranjas ricas em vitamina C. A discussão também aborda como várias atividades e hábitos, como nadar em água fria, podem contribuir para a melhoria da saúde. Essa troca é não apenas informativa, mas também uma excelente oportunidade para os aprendizes de inglês expandirem seu vocabulário e habilidades de escuta.
As 5 Principais Frases para Comunicação Diária
- “Touch wood” - Uma expressão informal usada para evitar a má sorte.
- “I have not had anything yet” - Uma maneira de dizer que não teve doenças recentemente.
- “I was pretty unwell” - Usado para descrever um estado de saúde ruim.
- “Mild snuffles” - Uma expressão informal para um resfriado leve.
- “Back me up” - Usado quando se pede apoio ou confirmação de outra pessoa.
Guia Passo a Passo para Praticar Shadowing
Para aproveitar ao máximo este vídeo e melhorar sua pronúncia e compreensão auditiva em inglês, siga este método de shadowing:
- Assistir com atenção: Veja o vídeo algumas vezes sem legendas para compreender o contexto e a entonação.
- Ouvir e repetir: Depois, escute novamente, mas pause a cada frase ou expressão nova. Tente repetir exatamente como os apresentadores falam.
- Gravar sua voz: Use um gravador ou um aplicativo de gravação para capturar sua fala enquanto repete. Isso ajuda a identificar áreas que precisam de melhoria.
- Analisar a gravação: Escute sua gravação comparando-a com o áudio original, observando diferenças na pronúncia e ritmo.
- Repetir o processo: Continue praticando até se sentir confortável com a pronúncia e a fluência das frases. Incorporar o aprendizado do shadowing em sua rotina de estudos de inglês pode acelerar seu progresso de aprendizado, ajudando você a se tornar mais confiante ao conversar em inglês.
Utilizar recursos como vídeos do YouTube para praticar seu shadow speech pode ser uma maneira divertida e eficaz de aprender inglês com YouTube. Experimente aplicar técnicas de shadowspeaks em sua prática diária para melhorar sua fluência e compreensão. Lembre-se que a prática constante é fundamental para o sucesso!
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.
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