Prática de Shadowing: Scientists still don't know the answer to this infamous question - Charles Wallace & Dan Kwartler - Aprenda a falar inglês com o YouTube

C1
After waking up alone in a locked room, two documents are slipped under your door: a note in an alien language and a detailed instruction manual in your language.
⏸ Pausado
37 frases
Se as frases estiverem muito curtas ou longas, clique em Edit para ajustá-las.
1
After waking up alone in a locked room, two documents are slipped under your door: a note in an alien language and a detailed instruction manual in your language.
2
The manual explains that for each alien character in the note, you should write an indicated corresponding symbol.
3
Following this chart, you write a response that you slip out the door.
4
And for the next several days, this exchange continues.
5
Outside the room, alien scientists are thrilled because they believe you’re conversing with them.
6
But you still have no idea what these characters mean.
7
This scenario isn’t just a bizarre misunderstanding— it’s a valuable thought experiment for understanding artificial intelligence.
8
Philosopher John Searle developed the original version of this premise in 1980, as a response to some of the AI work being done at the time.
9
But while modern AI models don't work like those outdated machines or the prisoner in Searle’s hypothetical, the question motivating his thought experiment is still relevant.
10
To quote Searle, he wanted to interrogate whether an “appropriately programmed computer literally has cognitive states.” In other words, if a computer looks like it understands something, does that mean it actually understands the way a human does?
11
Searle’s question falls into a long tradition of exploring whether or not AI could have a mind like ours.
12
But answering these inquiries is incredibly difficult because, as philosophers and cognitive scientists will tell you, we still don’t know how our minds work.
13
Even our fundamental definitions are slippery!
14
Theorists generally agree that concepts like understanding, sentience, and consciousness are all different, but also that they’re related, and we don’t know how.
15
Worse still, our usual scientific tools struggle to help us understand these experiences.
16
Consider drinking a cup of coffee.
17
Scientists can observe the physical process of ingesting the coffee, and we can measure the chemical impacts of caffeine on your body.
18
These things are objective realities.
19
But your collective sensation of smelling, sipping, evaluating, and experiencing a morning routine is more than the sum of its parts.
20
This is consciousness— your subjective experience of being alive.
21
And despite major leaps in psychology, cognitive science, and neurology, researchers still don’t know how various firing neurons bring about this experience.
22
So if we can't define consciousness and understanding or identify what's uniquely human about them, how can we possibly test for these states in computers?
23
Assessments like the Turing Test propose that if a human can't tell they're conversing with a computer, that computer could be seen as having some internal cognition.
24
But this scenario is exactly what Searle was criticizing!
25
This computer might just have the appearance of understanding.
26
And just like cognitive scientists struggling to map consciousness onto brain activity, today’s AI researchers know how they trained their creations, but not how AIs reach their exact conclusions.
27
There are some ways in which modern machine learning models are less mysterious than their predecessors.
28
Approaches like neural networks and deep learning are designed to mimic known elements of human cognition.
29
Like us, these models excel at pattern recognition— they learn by becoming familiar with information and forming connections across data sets.
30
This kind of processing arguably approaches Searle’s definition of understanding— but it also reveals a bias in his original question.
31
Since humans learn through pattern recognition and we believe ourselves to be conscious, we might also be predisposed to think other beings who learn the same way are somehow closer to consciousness as well.
32
To combat this bias, some theorists have developed a different metric; specifically, that a fully conscious AI could draw connections beyond the information in its data set.
33
For example, one lab’s “artificial consciousness test” probes AIs that have no data about consciousness for information they could only acquire from being conscious.
34
This might involve asking an AI if it understands dreaming, or can report having had dreams itself.
35
Can it understand a story about body swapping, where consciousnesses are shuffled between physical forms?
36
It’s unclear when or if an AI will be able to understand us the way we understand each other.
37
But whatever happens, it’s up to us already conscious creatures to chart the path forward.

Baixar aplicativo

Pontuação por IA para cada frase que você fala

Escaneie para baixar
Escaneie para baixar
Download on theApp Store
Get it onGoogle Play
TRENDING

Populares

Contexto & Antecedentes

No vídeo apresentado, Charles Wallace e Dan Kwartler discutem um experimento mental intrigante que questiona a natureza da inteligência artificial (IA) e a consciência. Usando um cenário hipotético em que um ser humano se comunica com alienígenas sem entender a linguagem deles, o diálogo explora como a percepção e a compreensão do ser humano se comparam ao que os computadores podem ou não "entender". Esta conversa não apenas aborda questões filosóficas profundas, mas também nos desafia a refletir sobre como se pode melhorar a interação com a IA e, consequentemente, aprimorar nossas habilidades de prática de conversação em inglês.

Top 5 Frases para Comunicação Diária

  • “Scientists still don’t know” – Esta frase pode ser útil para expressar incertezas em conversas.
  • “It’s a valuable thought experiment” – Use esta estrutura para introduzir novas ideias durante discussões.
  • “We still don’t know how” – Esta expressão é excelente para falar sobre coisas que permanecem desconhecidas.
  • “This is consciousness” – Uma boa frase para debates sobre a mente e a percepção.
  • “Computers might just have the appearance of understanding” – Útil para discutir a diferença entre parecer e realmente entender algo.

Guia passo a passo de Shadowing

Praticar shadow speech com este vídeo pode ser uma excelente maneira de melhorar a pronúncia em inglês e adquirir fluência. Aqui está um guia para ajudá-lo a começar:

  1. Escolha o Vídeo: Comece assistindo ao vídeo uma vez sem interrupções. Preste atenção ao tom e à entonação dos palestrantes.
  2. Identifique Frases-Chave: Use as frases listadas acima como referência. Anote as que mais chamam sua atenção.
  3. Repita Cada Parte: Ouça uma frase e, em seguida, pause o vídeo. Tente repetir em voz alta o que ouviu. Isso é importante para a prática de conversação em inglês.
  4. Grave sua Voz: Grave-se utilizando as frases que você praticou. Isso permitirá que você ouça seu progresso e ajuste sua pronúncia.
  5. Reveja e Ajuste: Ouça sua gravação e compare com o vídeo original. Note onde você pode melhorar e retorne a essas partes conforme necessário.

Ao seguir esses passos, você não apenas estará aprendendo inglês com YouTube, mas também aprimorando suas habilidades de comunicação efetivas que serão valiosas em conversas reais.

O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.

☕ Pague-nos um café