Практика Shadowing: Why sitting is bad for health ⏲️ 6 Minute English - Изучайте разговорный английский с YouTube

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6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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Hello.
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This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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I'm Phil.
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And I'm Georgie.
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We all know how important exercise is to stay fit and reduce the risk of heart disease.
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Do you exercise much, Phil?
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I try to.
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I ride my bike at the weekend.
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But to be honest, I do spend a lot of time sitting down.
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Hmm, sitting too much is becoming an increasing problem in the modern world.
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Maybe you take the bus or train to work,
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then sit at a desk all day,
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then go home feeling tired and just sit in front of the television all evening as well.
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Added together, that's hours of sitting every single day.
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In this programme, we'll be finding out exactly how much sitting is too much.
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And of course, we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary.
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But first, are you sitting comfortably, Phil? because I have a question for you.
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On average, how many hours a day do British adults spend sitting down?
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Is it a 7 hours,
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b 9 hours or c 12 hours?
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I'll guess it's 7 hours.
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OK Phil, I'll reveal the correct answer later.
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Charlotte Edwardson is a professor of health
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and behaviour studies who has investigated the link between sitting and health problems in her lab at Leicester University.
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Here, she talks to BBC Radio 4 programme Inside Health.
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If we think about our daily activities,
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a lot of activities are done sitting down.
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Movement in our everyday lives has really been engineered out with advances in technology
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and our bodies just weren't designed to sit this much,
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so it's going to cause problems with our health.
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So when you sit down,
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you're not using the largest muscles in your body,
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so these are the ones in your legs and your bum.
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So that means that your muscle activity goes down.
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When your muscle activity goes down, your blood circulation reduces.
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Throughout history, humans have always walked and moved their bodies.
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Now, modern technologies like motorised vehicles and office jobs means we spend more and more time sitting.
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Modern life has engineered out the need for us to move.
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When you engineer something out,
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you design things in such a way that it is no longer required.
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For example, CD drives have been engineered out of laptops because downloads are more popular.
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Charlotte says humans are not used to sitting this much.
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Here, the words this much mean in such large amounts.
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It's a negative thing – one negative being the harm to
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blood circulation – the flow of blood through the heart and blood vessels,
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which carries oxygen around the body.
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When we sit, we stop using important muscles.
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This reduces blood circulation and causes a range of other effects,
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like increased levels of glucose and fat and decreased energy levels.
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The body uses 20% more energy when simply standing than when sitting down,
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and walking uses 92% more energy.
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And that's not to mention the damage sitting too much causes to muscle movement and blood pressure.
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But the hard truth is that sitting is a big part of modern life.
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Everything is geared around sitting.
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It's organised towards that particular activity.
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And that makes it hard to stop.
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Here's Professor Edwardson again, talking with James Gallagher,
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presenter of BBC Radio 4 programme Inside Health.
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How much do you feel like you're just swimming against the tide with all of this?
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Like the whole of society is like driving us more and more towards,
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you know, sitting down all the time.
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And you're like, please don't.
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Sitting is so much part of our everyday activities.
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You know, you go into a meeting and someone's like,
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come and take a seat.
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You go into your GP surgery,
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come and take a seat.
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Everything's geared around sitting and as technology advances and it tries to make our life easier,
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it then leads to us sitting even more.
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James asks if Charlotte is swimming against the tide of modern life.
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If you're swimming against the tide,
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you're doing the opposite of what most people are doing.
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He also says that society is driving us towards sitting more.
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To drive someone towards something means pushing them to accept a new situation,
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even when the situation isn't so good.
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Luckily, there's some simple advice to help.
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Break up periods of sitting 30 minutes or more with a few minutes of walking or moving your arms.
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Also, try to spend less than half of your waking hours sitting down.
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Good to know.
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Now, about your question, Georgie.
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Right.
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My question was how long does the average British adult spend sitting each day?
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Phil guessed it was seven hours,
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which was close, but not right, I'm afraid.
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In fact, on average, we spend nine hours per day sitting down.
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That's about 60% of our waking life.
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So remember to take regular breaks,
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even just a minute or two.
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OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've learnt,
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starting with to engineer something out,
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meaning to design or plan in such a way that something is no longer needed.
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The phrase this much or so much means in such large amounts.
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Blood circulation is the movement of blood through the heart and blood vessels which carries oxygen around the body.
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If things are geared around a certain activity or purpose,
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they're organised to support it.
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The idiom to swim against the tide means to not follow what most people are doing.
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And finally, to drive someone towards a new situation means to push them towards accepting it.
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Once again, our six minutes are up.
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Remember to join us again next time for more topical discussion and useful vocabulary here at 6 Minute English.
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Goodbye for now!
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Bye!
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Об этом уроке

В этом уроке вы получите возможность улучшить свои навыки разговорного английского при помощи практики на основе обсуждения вреда от длительного сидения. Мы рассмотрим ключевую лексику и фразы, которые помогут вам лучше понимать и обсуждать тему здоровья и физической активности. Благодаря этому уроку, вы не только будете учиться новому, но и сможете активно применять полученные знания в повседневных разговорах, а также в своих попытках улучшить произношение английского через shadow speak.

Ключевая лексика и фразы

  • сидение (sitting) - процесс нахождения в сидячем положении;
  • физическая активность (physical activity) - любые действия, которые требуют использования мышц;
  • кровообращение (blood circulation) - движение крови по телу;
  • инженерный (engineered) - создаваемый или проектируемый с целью уменьшения необходимости в определенных действиях;
  • глюкоза (glucose) - сахар, который используется организмом для получения энергии;
  • жир (fat) - питательное вещество, которое может накапливаться в организме;
  • повышать уровень (increase levels) - делать уровни чего-либо более высокими;
  • руководить (lead to) - приводить к чему-либо.

Советы по практике

Для эффективной практики на основе этого видео, попробуйте shadowing английский - метод, который помогает развивать навыки говорения и восприятия на слух. Слушая записи, старайтесь повторять фразы сразу за говорящими, что способствует практике разговорного английского. Обратите внимание на интонацию и темп речи, используемой в видео. Если запись звучит слишком быстро, не стесняйтесь замедлять её с помощью инструментов на YouTube или других проигрывателях, которые поддерживают изменение скорости. Это даст вам возможность более точно подражать произношению и улучшить свои навыки shadowspeak.

Закрепляйте новый материал, обсуждая его с друзьями или в языковых клубах. Это поможет вам закрепить лексику и стать более уверенным в использовании английского языка. Помните, что практика - ключ к успеху!

Что такое техника Shadowing?

Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.

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