Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: "Everything happens for a reason" -- and other lies I've loved | Kate Bowler | TED
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There is some medical news that nobody, absolutely nobody, is prepared to hear.
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There is some medical news that nobody, absolutely nobody, is prepared to hear.
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I certainly wasn't.
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It was three years ago that I got a call in my office with the test results of a recent scan.
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I was 35 and finally living the life I wanted.
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I married my high school sweetheart and had finally gotten pregnant after years of infertility.
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And then suddenly we had a Zach, a perfect one-year-old boy/dinosaur, depending on his mood.
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And having a Zach suited me perfectly.
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I had gotten the first job I applied for in academia, land of a thousand crushed dreams.
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And there I was, working at my dream job with my little baby and the man I had imported from Canada.
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(Laughter) But a few months before, I'd started feeling pain in my stomach and had gone to every expert to find out why.
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No one could tell me.
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And then, out of the blue, some physician's assistant called me at work to tell me that I had stage IV cancer, and that I was going to need to come to the hospital right away.
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And all I could think of to say was, "But I have a son.
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I can't end.
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This world can't end.
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It has just begun." And then I called my husband, and he rushed to find me and I said all the true things that I have known.
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I said, "I have loved you forever, I have loved you forever.
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I am so sorry.
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Please take care of our son." And then as I began the walk to the hospital, it crossed my mind for the first time, "Oh. How ironic." I had just written a book called "Blessed." (Laughter) I am a historian and an expert in the idea that good things happen to good people.
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I research a form of Christianity nicknamed "the prosperity gospel," for its very bold promise that God wants you to prosper.
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I never considered myself a follower of the prosperity gospel.
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I was simply an observer.
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The prosperity gospel believes that God wants to reward you if you have the right kind of faith.
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If you're good and faithful, God will give you health and wealth and boundless happiness.
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Life is like a boomerang: if you're good, good things will always come back to you.
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Think positively. Speak positively.
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Nothing is impossible if you believe.
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I got interested in this very American theology when I was 18 or so, and by 25 I was traveling the country interviewing its celebrities.
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I spent a decade talking to televangelists with spiritual guarantees for divine money.
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I interviewed countless megachurch pastors with spectacular hair about how they live their best lives now.
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I visited with people in hospital waiting rooms and plush offices.
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I held hands with people in wheelchairs, praying to be cured.
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I earned my reputation as destroyer of family vacations for always insisting on being dropped off at the fanciest megachurch in town.
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If there was a river running through the sanctuary, an eagle flying freely in the auditorium, or an enormous spinning golden globe, I was there.
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When I first started studying this, the whole idea of being "blessed" wasn't what it is today.
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It was not, like it is now, an entire line of "#blessed" home goods.
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It was not yet a flood of "#blessed" vanity license plates and T-shirts and neon wall art.
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I had no idea that "blessed" would become one of the most common cultural cliches, one of the most used hashtags on Instagram, to celebrate barely there bikini shots, as if to say, "I am so blessed.
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Thank you, Jesus, for this body." (Laughter) I had not yet fully grasped the way that the prosperity gospel had become the great civil religion, offering another transcendent account of the core of the American Dream.
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Rather than worshipping the founding of America itself, the prosperity gospel worshipped Americans.
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It deifies and ritualizes their hungers, their hard work and moral fiber.
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Americans believe in a gospel of optimism, and they are their own proof.
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But despite telling myself, "I'm just studying this stuff, I'm nothing like them," when I got my diagnosis, I suddenly understood how deeply invested I was in my own Horatio Alger theology.
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If you live in this culture, whether you are religious or not, it is extremely difficult to avoid falling into the trap of believing that virtue and success go hand in hand.
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The more I stared down my diagnosis, the more I recognized that I had my own quiet version of the idea that good things happen to good people.
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Aren't I good?
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Aren't I special somehow?
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I have committed zero homicides to date.
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(Laughter) (Applause) So why is this happening to me?
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I wanted God to make me good and to reward my faith with just a few shining awards along the way.
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OK, like, a lot of shining awards.
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(Laughter) I believed that hardships were only detours on what I was certain would be my long, long life.
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As is this case with many of us, it's a mindset that served me well.
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The gospel of success drove me to achieve, to dream big, to abandon fear.
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It was a mindset that served me well until it didn't, until I was confronted with something I couldn't manage my way out of; until I found myself saying into the phone, "But I have a son," because it was all I could think of to say.
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That was the most difficult moment to accept: the phone call, the walk to the hospital, when I realized that my own personal prosperity gospel had failed me.
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Anything I thought was good or special about me could not save me -- my hard work, my personality, my humor, my perspective.
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I had to face the fact that my life is built with paper walls, and so is everyone else's.
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It is a hard thought to accept that we are all a breath away from a problem that could destroy something irreplaceable or alter our lives completely.
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We know that in life there are befores and afters.
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I am asked all the time to say that I would never go back, or that I've gained so much in perspective.
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And I tell them no, before was better.
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A few months after I got sick, I wrote about this and then I sent it off to an editor at the "New York Times." In retrospect, taking one of the most vulnerable moments of your life and turning into an op-ed is not an amazing way to feel less vulnerable.
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(Laughter) I got thousands of letters and emails.
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I still get them every day.
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I think it is because of the questions I asked.
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I asked: How do you live without quite so many reasons for the bad things that happen?
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I asked: Would it be better to live without outrageous formulas for why people deserve what they get?
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And what was so funny and so terrible was, of course, I thought I asked people to simmer down on needing an explanation for the bad things that happened.
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So what did thousands of readers do?
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Yeah, they wrote to defend the idea that there had to be a reason for what happened to me.
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And they really want me to understand the reason.
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People want me to reassure them that my cancer is all part of a plan.
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A few letters even suggested it was God's plan that I get cancer so I could help people by writing about it.
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People are certain it is a test of my character or proof of something terrible I've done.
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They want me to know without a doubt that there is a hidden logic to this seeming chaos.
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They tell my husband, while I'm still in the hospital, that everything happens for a reason, and then stammer awkwardly when he says, "I'd love to hear it.
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I'd love to hear the reason my wife is dying." And I get it.
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We all want reasons.
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We want formulas to predict whether our hard work will pay off, whether our love and support will always make our partners happy and our kids love us.
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We want to live in a world in which not one ounce of our hard work or our pain or our deepest hopes will be for nothing.
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We want to live in a world in which nothing is lost.
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But what I have learned in living with stage IV cancer is that there is no easy correlation between how hard I try and the length of my life.
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In the last three years, I've experienced more pain and trauma than I ever thought I could survive.
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I realized the other day that I've had so many abdominal surgeries that I'm on my fifth belly button, and this last one is my least favorite.
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(Laughter) But at the same time, I've experienced love, so much love, love I find hard to explain.
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The other day, I was reading the findings of the Near Death Experience Research Foundation, and yes, there is such a thing.
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People were interviewed about their brushes with death in all kinds of circumstances: car accidents, labor and delivery, suicides.
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And many reported the same odd thing: love.
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I'm sure I would have ignored it if it hadn't reminded me of something I had experienced, something I felt uncomfortable telling anyone: that when I was sure that I was going to die, I didn't feel angry.
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I felt loved.
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It was one of the most surreal things I have experienced.
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In a time in which I should have felt abandoned by God, I was not reduced to ashes.
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I felt like I was floating, floating on the love and prayers of all those who hummed around me like worker bees, bringing me notes and socks and flowers and quilts embroidered with words of encouragement.
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But when they sat beside me, my hand in their hands, my own suffering began to feel like it had revealed to me the suffering of others.
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I was entering a world of people just like me, people stumbling around in the debris of dreams they thought they were entitled to and plans they didn't realize they had made.
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It was a feeling of being more connected, somehow, with other people, experiencing the same situation.
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And that feeling stayed with me for months.
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In fact, I'd grown so accustomed to it that I started to panic at the prospect of losing it.
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So I began to ask friends, theologians, historians, nuns I liked, "What I am I going to do when that loving feeling is gone?" And they knew exactly what I was talking about, because they had either experienced it themselves or they'd read about it in great works of Christian theology.
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And they said, "Yeah, it'll go.
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The feelings will go.
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And there will be no formula for how to get it back." But they offered me this little piece of reassurance, and I clung to it.
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They said, "When the feelings recede like the tides, they will leave an imprint." And they do.
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And it is not proof of anything, and it is nothing to boast about.
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It was just a gift.
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So I can't respond to the thousands of emails I get with my own five-step plan to divine health and magical floating feelings.
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I see that the world is jolted by events that are wonderful and terrible, gorgeous and tragic.
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I can't reconcile the contradiction, except that I am beginning to believe that these opposites do not cancel each other out.
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Life is so beautiful, and life is so hard.
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Today, I am doing quite well.
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The immunotherapy drugs appear to be working, and we are watching and waiting with scans.
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I hope I will live a long time.
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I hope I will live long enough to embarrass my son and to watch my husband lose his beautiful hair.
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And I think I might.
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But I am learning to live and to love without counting the cost, without reasons and assurances that nothing will be lost.
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Life will break your heart, and life may take everything you have and everything you hope for.
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But there is one kind of prosperity gospel that I believe in.
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I believe that in the darkness, even there, there will be beauty, and there will be love.
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And every now and then, it will feel like more than enough.
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Thank you. (Applause)
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Phổ biến
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Video của Kate Bowler mang đến một cái nhìn sâu sắc về cuộc sống và những thử thách mà chúng ta thường phải đối mặt. Việc thực hành nói thông qua video này không chỉ giúp bạn cải thiện khả năng giao tiếp, mà còn kích thích tư duy phản biện và cảm nhận được ý nghĩa sâu sắc của từng câu chữ. Khi bạn luyện nói tiếng Anh dựa trên video này, bạn không chỉ học cách diễn đạt cảm xúc và trải nghiệm cá nhân, mà còn cải thiện kỹ năng phát âm tiếng Anh chuẩn của mình. Điều này cực kỳ quan trọng cho những ai muốn nâng cao shadow speech của bản thân, đặc biệt qua việc lắng nghe và nhắc lại cách mà người nói thể hiện ý kiến của họ.
Ngữ pháp & Biểu thức trong ngữ cảnh
Những cấu trúc ngữ pháp và biểu thức mà Kate Bowler sử dụng rất phong phú và đa dạng. Dưới đây là một số điểm nổi bật có thể giúp bạn:
- Thì hiện tại hoàn thành: "I have loved you forever." Cấu trúc này giúp thể hiện một hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ và kéo dài đến hiện tại.
- Câu điều kiện: "If you're good and faithful, God will give you..." Câu điều kiện loại 1 giúp diễn tả những khả năng có thể xảy ra.
- Vị trí của trạng từ: Việc sử dụng trạng từ như "suddenly" trong câu giúp nhấn mạnh thời điểm của sự kiện bất ngờ.
- Biểu thức so sánh: "Life is like a boomerang." Cách sử dụng phép so sánh đơn giản nhưng hiệu quả để truyền đạt ý tưởng.
Thông qua việc học những cấu trúc này, bạn không chỉ nâng cao kỹ năng luyện nói tiếng Anh mà còn hiểu rõ hơn về cách sử dụng chúng trong bối cảnh thực tế.
Các cạm bẫy phát âm phổ biến
Khi nghe video này, bạn sẽ gặp một số từ và âm thanh có thể gây khó khăn trong việc phát âm:
- "prosperity": Âm tiết “pros-” có thể dễ bị phát âm sai. Hãy chú ý nhấn mạnh âm “pros” để tránh nhầm lẫn.
- "ironically": Lưu ý phát âm âm “-ally” nhẹ nhàng và đúng cách.
- "blessed": Từ này có thể được phát âm là “blest” trong một số ngữ cảnh, nhưng “blessed” có âm “-ed” được nhấn mạnh trong những tình huống nhất định.
Để cải thiện khả năng phát âm của bạn, hãy thử thực hành theo cách shadowspeaks hoặc nghe lại và lặp lại những câu nói trong video. Việc này sẽ giúp bạn làm quen với cách phát âm và nhịp điệu tự nhiên của tiếng Anh.
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.