跟读练习: Addicted to sugar ⏲️ 6 Minute English - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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I'm Neil.
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And I'm Georgie.
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Would you like a cup of tea, Neil?
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Oh yes, thanks Georgie.
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With milk and three sugars, please.
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Three sugars?
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Wow, you really have a sweet tooth.
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You like eating sweet things.
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Aren't you worried about your weight?
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Yes, but I can't say no to sugar.
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Just as our addiction to oil is causing a climate emergency, our addiction to sugar is causing a health emergency for our bodies.
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Sugar gives us an instant hit of the chemical hormone dopamine, making us feel good, but in the long run causing obesity,
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tooth decay and diseases like diabetes.
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But how did our addiction to the sweet stuff begin?
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That's what we'll be discussing in this programme and, as usual, we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary as well.
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Anyway, here's your tea, Neil.
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I just put one sugar.
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Thanks, Georgie.
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I'll give it a try.
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Now, before we go on, I have a question for you.
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Sugar cane, which grows naturally in Asia, Africa and the Americas, first came to England in the 11th century.
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Back then it was an expensive luxury item, affordable only to kings, queens and the very rich.
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So which English monarch loved eating sugar so much their teeth turned black?
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Was it a King Henry VIII, b Queen Elizabeth I, or c Mary Queen of Scots?
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I know Henry VIII was very unhealthy, so I'll guess it's him.
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OK, Georgie, we'll find out the answer later in the programme.
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Just now I compared sugar to oil as the world's most important commodity.
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A commodity is a product or natural resource that can be traded, bought and sold.
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Today, economies, governments and wars are based on controlling oil.
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But in earlier centuries, the same was true of sugar.
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For 400 years, sugar, along with coffee and tobacco, was grown in slavery plantations and shipped across the Atlantic Ocean to Europe.
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By the time slavery was ended in 1834, the demand for sugar in Europe and the United States was at a record high.
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Here's Professor of International History Ulber Bosmer explaining more to BBC Radio 4 programme Thinking Aloud.
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Sugar was already an extremely important commodity in the 16th and 17th and 18th century.
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And in the 19th century we see a staggering growth of sugar consumption in Europe and the United States.
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And with that, sugar became the fuel for human bodies, whereas oil became the fuel for vehicles in the 20th century.
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Professor Bosma talks about the staggering growth in the popularity of sugar.
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The adjective staggering means shocking or surprising.
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Just like oil became the fuel for machine engines, sugar became the fuel for the human body.
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Fuel is a substance that is burned to provide heat or power.
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Trading companies had become rich selling sugar grown using slave labour.
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When people began to realise the health problems of sugar in the 20th century, these companies needed new ways to sell their product,
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and began using sugar in food which had previously contained none – food like bread, cereal and yoghurt.
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Here's Professor Bosma again, taking up the story for BBC Radio 4's Thinking Aloud.
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You can flood the market with a certain commodity, with sugar in this case, but that still does not mean that people will consume it.
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So the eating habits of people had to change.
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People, until the early 19th century, they had a few spoons of sugar per week, but not a kilo which people consume today in many countries in the world.
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companies flooded the market with their commodity.
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If you flood the market, you make a lot of your product available for sale, often at a low price.
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But just because something is cheap and easily available doesn't mean people will eat it.
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So sugar companies try to increase sugar consumption by changing people's eating habits – the way a group of people eat.
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For example, which types of food they eat, how much of it and how often.
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Instead of one or two spoons of sugar per week, people started eating kilos, with results we see around us every day.
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Worldwide, obesity and heart disease have tripled in the last 50 years.
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What's more, because sugary food is cheaper, it's often the poorest in society who are worst affected.
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Hmm, maybe it's time to try having your tea without any sugar, eh Neil?
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And to reveal the answer to your question, which English monarch's famous love of sugar turned their teeth black, I guessed it was the notorious overeater, Henry VIII.
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Which was the wrong answer, I'm afraid, Georgie.
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In fact, during the years before toothpaste and dentist, those black, stumpy teeth belong to Queen Elizabeth I.
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OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned from this programme about sugar, starting with a sweet tooth,
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a fondness for eating sweet, sugary food and drinks.
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A commodity is a product or natural resource that can be traded, bought and sold.
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Fuel is a substance such as oil or coal that is burned to provide heat or power.
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The adjective staggering means very shocking and surprising.
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If a company floods the market, they release a lot of a particular product for sale, often at a low price.
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And finally, eating habits describe the way a particular group of people eat.
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For example, which types of food they eat, how much and how often.
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Once again, our six minutes are up.
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Join us again soon for more trending topics and useful vocabulary here at 6 Minute English.
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Goodbye for now.
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Bye.
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本课概述
在这一课中，学习者将通过《6 Minute English》节目深入了解糖的成瘾现象及其对健康的影响。学习者将练习听力和口说技巧，尤其是针对与消耗糖相关的卫生问题的对话。通过这段视频，学习者可以提升他们的英语听力理解能力，同时掌握与健康、糖 consumption 及历史相关的词汇和短语。此外，通过使用 shadow speak 技巧，学习者能够有效地模仿主讲人的语调和语速，更好地掌握英语发音。
关键词汇和短语
- Sweet tooth: 对甜食的强烈喜好
- Health emergency: 健康危机
- Commodity: 商品或自然资源，能够被交易
- Obesity: 肥胖症
- Staggering: 令人震惊的，惊人的
- Fuel: 燃料，提供热量或动力的物质
- Slave plantations: 奴隶种植园
练习技巧
在进行shadowing练习时，建议学习者调整视频的播放速度，以适应自己的听力水平。对于初学者，可以将视频速度减慢，这样他们可以更清晰地理解每个单词和短语的发音。同时，学习者可以通过重复学习者所听到的内容，逐步增强口语表达能力。使用 看YouTube学英语 的方法，学习者可以有效地加强语言学习，例如在暂停之后模仿主讲人的语调和节奏，跟随每一句进行练习。这不仅能够帮助记忆新的词汇，还能增强自信心，让日常对话中的交流更加流利。最后，运用 shadowspeaks 和 shadowspeak 技巧，保持积极反馈，以便在日常交流中展示个性化的语言风格。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。