跟读练习: Can we boost the immune system? ⏲️ 6 Minute English - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com Hello.
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6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com Hello.
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This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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I'm Georgie.
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And I'm Neil.
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In this programme, we're talking about the immune system,
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which is the body's natural defence against getting ill.
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Now Georgie, is there anything you do to boost your immune system?
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Yes.
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I try to eat lots of oranges,
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which apparently have lots of vitamin C.
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And there are lots of things people do to try to improve their immune system and stay healthier,
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like eating certain foods, taking vitamins or even activities like swimming in cold water.
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We'll find out how useful some of these techniques are in today's programme.
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But first, Georgie, a question.
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We all know the common cold.
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Now that's the illness that makes you cough and sneeze,
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have a sore throat and headache.
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But how many colds does the average adult get in the UK each year?
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Is it A, 2 to 3,
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B, 4 to 5, or C, 7 to 8?
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Hmm...
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8 would be a lot.
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I'm going to go with A,
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2 to 3 colds a year.
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Well, we'll find out at the end of the programme if you're right.
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Now, many people can become ill over the winter with diseases like colds, flu and COVID-19.
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Host of BBC Radio 4 programme Inside Health,
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James Gallagher, gathered some experts to talk about immune systems,
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and he started off by asking whether they'd had more illnesses than usual this winter.
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Hello.
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Hi.
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Right, how has everyone been this winter?
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Because I've had a rotten one and I have felt constantly ill since about November.
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John?
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I have not had anything yet, touch wood.
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OK, let's see what I can infect you with by the end of the show.
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Margaret?
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I was pretty unwell in September.
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I had what I presumed to be Covid,
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but I've been all right since, mild snuffles aside.
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Eleanor, I really need someone to back me up.
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Er, no, sorry, I've been absolutely 100% tickety-boo.
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Unlike James, Professor John Tregoning hasn't been ill.
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John uses the expression, touch wood,
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which is an informal phrase said in order to avoid bad luck.
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Dr Margaret McCartney was unwell in September but has only had a few snuffles since.
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Snuffles is an informal word used to describe minor illnesses that affect your nose.
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We can also say sniffles.
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Host James is surprised that nobody has been ill and says to Professor Eleanor Riley,
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back me up.
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If you ask someone to back you up,
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you're asking for them to say something which supports your opinion.
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But Eleanor has had a healthy winter too.
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She's been tickety-boo, which is an informal phrase meaning everything's fine or in good order.
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Throughout the winter, many people try different techniques,
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like taking supplements or eating certain foods to boost their immune system,
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to improve their body's natural defences against disease.
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Host of BBC Radio 4's Inside Health,
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James Gallagher, asks Dr Margaret McCartney whether some of these products are successful.
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OK, quick fire round, Margaret.
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Echinacea?
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No. Turmeric?
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No. Ginger shots?
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No. This is a very, very good quiz.
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What about the stuff you squirt up your nose when you're at the beginning of an infection?
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Interesting, but not any better than normal saline spray, just salt water.
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In fact, according to Margaret,
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there isn't enough evidence that many popular health products can actually change the way your immune system works.
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Another popular health trend in the UK is cold water swimming.
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People who swim in cold water say it's good for their mental health
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and they also believe it makes them less likely to get ill during the winter months.
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But scientists aren't sure about the benefits of cold water swimming for the immune system yet,
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as Professor John Tregoning explains to BBC Radio 4's Inside Health.
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The social element actually is really important and it probably is beneficial to do,
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you reduce stress and cortisol dampens the immune system.
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So actually, if you're stressed,
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then maybe you are more prone to infection,
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and that may be why that benefit of being with people,
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nice people that you like in nice places, is helping.
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But I don't think it's unique to cold water swimming.
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I think you could probably get it from dancing or singing or going for a run.
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John says that cortisol, a chemical associated with stress, dampens the immune system.
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Here, dampens means makes weaker.
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We also have a common expression,
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dampen someone's spirits, which means to make them less enthusiastic about something.
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John says that there is evidence that people who are stressed are more prone to infection.
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If you're more prone to something,
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it's more likely to happen to you.
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It could be that cold water swimming reduces stress and so it helps people's immune systems work well.
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But there are lots of other activities that could have the same effect and help people have fewer colds over winter.
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Which reminds me of my question, Georgie.
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I asked how many colds the average UK adult has a year.
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And I said two to three.
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And that is the correct answer, so well done!
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Thank you!
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OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've learnt starting with touch wood,
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which is an expression used,
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often in speech, to avoid bad luck.
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Snuffles are minor illnesses that affect your nose.
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If you ask someone to back you up,
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you want them to say something to support your opinion.
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The expression tickety-boo means fine and in good order.
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If you dampen something, you make it weaker.
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And the expression dampen someone's spirits means you make them less enthusiastic about something.
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And if you're more prone to something,
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it's more likely to happen to you.
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Once again, our six minutes are up,
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but you can test what you've learned with the free interactive quiz on our website.
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Bye for now.
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Goodbye.
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Thanks for listening to this podcast from BBC Learning English.
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Continue your learning on our website with courses,
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quizzes and programmes to improve your English.
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visit bbclearningenglish.com.
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本课程概述
在本课程中，您将学习与免疫系统相关的英语词汇和表达方式。课程内容以日常对话为基础，让您听到母语人士的自然交流，进而提高您的英语口语能力。通过这次学习，您将能够更好地理解身体健康的讨论，并适应多种场景中的交流方式。通过练习影子说话（shadowspeak），您还将能够提升英语发音，让您的口语更加流利。
关键词汇和短语
- immune system - 免疫系统
- boost - 增强
- vitamin C - 维生素C
- common cold - 普通感冒
- snuffles - 小感冒
- touch wood - 触木（属于一种避免坏运的非正式表达）
- ill - 生病
练习技巧
在观看或收听此视频时，考虑使用“影子说话”（shadow speech）技巧来同步您自己的发音与母语者。这一方法有助于提高英语发音和口语流利度。您可以尝试以下步骤：
- 听取并模仿：在视频播放时，不要急于理解每个词汇，而是集中注意力于发音和语调。模仿他们的语调和节奏是提高英语口语练习的有效途径。
- 反复倾听：多次重复视频内容，根据自己的节奏调整，确保可以流利地说出每个句子。通过重复，您将唤起记忆，提高对词汇的掌握。
- 慢速解读：在初始练习时，可以将视频的播放速度调整为较慢，以便更好地理解每个单词的发音和用法。
- 结合上下文：理解每个词汇和短语在实际对话中的上下文，增强记忆并增强使用这些词汇的能力。
请牢记，练习英语口语的过程中，持续的时间和努力才是关键。结合影子说话（shadowspeak）技术，您一定能有效提高英语发音，流利地交流！
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。