跟读练习: Can you solve the cheating royal riddle? - Dan Katz - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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You’re the chief advisor to an eccentric king who needs to declare his successor.
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You’re the chief advisor to an eccentric king who needs to declare his successor.
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He wants his heir to be good at arithmetic, lucky, and above all else, honest.
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So he’s devised a competition to test his children, and ordered you to choose the winner.
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Each potential heir will be given the same two six-sided dice.
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The red die has the numbers 2, 7, 7, 12, 12, and 17.
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The blue one has 3, 8, 8, 13, 13, and 18.
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The dice are fair, so each side is equally likely to come up.
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Each contestant will be sent into a Royal Rolling Room, where they’ll roll both dice 20 times.
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A contestant’s score starts at zero, and each turn, they should add the total of the two numbers rolled to their score.
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After 20 turns, they should report their final score.
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The rooms are secure, and no one observes the rolls.
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That means a contestant could add incorrectly, or worse, be dishonest and make up a score they didn’t achieve.
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This is where you come in.
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The king has instructed you that if you’re at least 90% sure a contestant mis-added or cheated, you should disqualify them.
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The highest-scoring player who remains will be the new heir to the throne.
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After you explain the rules, the children run to their rooms.
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When they return, Alexa announces her score is 385.
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Bertram says 840. Cassandra reports 700. And Draco declares 423.
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The future of the kingdom is in your hands.
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Whom do you proclaim to be the worthiest successor?
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Pause now to figure it out for yourself.
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Upon inspection, most of these scores are concerning.
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Let’s start with the highest.
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Bertram scored 840.
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That’s impressive… but is it even possible?
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The highest numbers on the two dice are 17 and 18.
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17 plus 18 is 35, so in 20 rolls, the greatest possible total is 20 times 35, or 700.
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Even if Bertram rolled all the highest numbers, he couldn’t have scored 840.
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So he’s disqualified.
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Cassandra, the next-highest roller, reported 700.
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That’s theoretically possible… but how hard is it to be that lucky?
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In order to get 700, Cassandra would have to roll the highest number out of six on 40 separate occasions.
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The probability of this is 1 over 6 to the 40th power, or 1 in about 13 nonillion— that’s 13 followed by 30 zeros.
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To put that in perspective, there are about 7.5 billion people in the world, and 7.5 billion squared is a lot less than 13 nonillion.
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Rolling the highest number all 40 times is much less likely than if you picked a completely random person on Earth, and it turned out to be actor Paul Rudd… and then you randomly picked again, and got Paul Rudd again!
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You can’t be 100% sure that Cassandra’s score didn’t happen by chance… but you can certainly be 90% sure, so she should be disqualified.
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Next up is Draco, with 423.
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This score isn’t high enough to be suspicious.
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But it’s impossible for a different reason.
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Pick a number from each die, and add them up.
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No matter which combination you choose, the result ends in a 0 or a 5.
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That’s because every red number is 2 more than a multiple of 5, and every blue number is 3 more than a multiple of 5.
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This means that when you add them together, you’ll always get an exact multiple of 5.
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And when you add rolls that are multiples of 5, the result will also be a multiple of 5.
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These sorts of relationships between integers are studied in a branch of math called number theory.
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Here number theory shows us that Draco’s score, which is not a multiple of 5, cannot be achieved.
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So he should be disqualified as well.
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This leaves Alexa, whose score is a multiple of 5 and is in the achievable range.
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In fact, the most likely score is 400, so she was a little bit unlucky.
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But with everyone else disqualified, she’s the last heir standing.
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All hail Queen Alexa, the worthiest successor!
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At least if you agree that the best way to organize your government is a roll of the dice...
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本课介绍
在本课中，您将通过分析一个有趣的谜题来提高您的英语理解和表达能力。这个谜题围绕一个古怪的国王及其继承人的选拔过程，涉及算术、概率和诚信的要素。您将学习如何处理复杂的信息，并在思考和讨论的过程中锻炼您的英语口语能力。通过观看视频，您不仅能学到新的词汇，还能够提升您的雅思口语练习能力。
关键词汇与短语
- 年继承人 (heir)
- 算术 (arithmetic)
- 诚实 (honest)
- 骰子 (dice)
- 得分 (score)
- 不合格 (disqualify)
- 可能性 (probability)
- 数学理论 (number theory)
练习技巧
观看此视频时，请尝试跟随演讲者的语速和语调进行shadow speak练习。让您的声音与视频中的声音保持同步，注意发音和节奏。这种方法可以帮助您提高英语口语能力，特别是在雅思口语练习方面。您也可以在视频播放时暂停，重复每个句子，增强记忆，并提高语感。
在看YouTube学英语时，建议认真聆听视频中的细节，并尝试自动总结每个部分的主要内容。这样可以增强您的理解力，帮助您更好地构建句子。此外，您还可以与朋友一起讨论视频内容，进一步巩固所学到的词汇和语法结构。
借助这种有趣的谜题，您不仅能增加对英语的理解，还能在轻松愉快的环境中练习，同时通过shadowspeak提升您的表达能力。通过不断练习，您会发现自己在英语口语方面的进步，特别是在复杂的语法和词汇运用上。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。