跟读练习: How book bias shapes culture without us noticing | Liza Marie Garcia | TEDxSugar Creek Women - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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in the last year in 2025 there were 7 000 books that were either challenged or completely removed
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in the last year in 2025 there were 7 000 books that were either challenged or completely removed
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from our bookstores from libraries from school all across the united states this actually was the highest number in over two decades.
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There were also in fact 4,000 book titles that were targeted based solely on the book title to be banned.
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All of this according to the American Library Association.
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Now those numbers, those statistics surprised me,
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but not really because of the numbers
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because it revealed something deeper not about books about who decides
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so let me ask you a question please please raise your hands
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if you didn't realize those books you're reading right now were chosen by someone else raise your hands
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if you didn't realize
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that most of us didn't thank you in fact many of
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us had never really even thought about it bias it's not malicious it's subtle
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and in publishing subtle bias doesn't announce itself it comes in
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as taste it can come in as preference subtle bias can come in as what's good for society
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so for the past nine years i've really had both the privilege
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and the pleasure of working in this wonderful industry called publishing.
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I've been able to help clients achieve their dreams of becoming published authors.
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I've worked with highly skilled editorial teams and personally I'm proud to say that I helped launch over 80 books
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and from that experience I've learned that publishing doesn't just reflect culture, It shapes it.
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And when a select group of people can decide which stories are worthy to be published,
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it's society that inherits their blind spots.
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Moreover, when a homogeneous group decides which stories matter, perspective narrows.
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So there was a moment early in my career in publishing that really helped shape my views.
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We were working to publish a manuscript,
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get it ready for publication.
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It was a powerful story.
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It was a memoir.
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I remember it was very well written and it was a deeply personal account.
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And when the time came in our process for me to proof the manuscript,
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I stopped at one word.
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It was the F word.
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Without hesitation, I contacted the client.
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I told the author that we would not be spelling out that word fully.
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Seemed like a reasonable decision at the time, responsible even.
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I was the acting editor-in-chief.
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It was my manuscript team I was managing,
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and these were my views.
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I don't remember hesitating about that choice at all at the time,
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but later I did because it felt uncomfortable.
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I realized that author wasn't asking for me to agree with their word choices.
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They were trusting our team to tell their truth.
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And at that point, I wasn't editing for clarity or syntax.
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I wasn't even editing for quality.
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I was editing for comforts, my own comforts.
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And now my values had become the filter through which other stories passed.
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And that's when it hit me.
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If I had the power to decide which words were acceptable,
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which truths were too harsh or which perspectives needed softening,
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what made me any different than any other gatekeeper?
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And those decisions that we would make weekly,
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they weren't made with ill intent,
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they weren't made in bad faith,
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they weren't even loud, they were subtle.
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And multiply that by the thousands of book publishers and editorial teams
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and boards of directors and institution and you understand that subtle bias becomes culture.
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And that's how I know today that bias doesn't just live in publishing,
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it lives in perception.
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So when people look at me,
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they might see a Latina woman who likely speaks Spanish,
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a first or second generation immigrant.
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And when people find out that I was born and raised in Salt Lake City,
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Utah, they might believe I'm a member of a predominantly large religious organization.
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And as I began my talk today,
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there might be people that have made assumptions about me based on my heritage.
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But what people likely don't see is that I'm a former IBM engineer.
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I'm a third and fourth generation Mexican-American that doesn't speak Spanish.
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My parents don't even speak Spanish, much to our regrets.
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And as a classically trained violinist,
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I both attended and graduated from the one and only Catholic high school in Salt Lake City, Utah.
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And I guess it could be said,
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though, that I am a second generation person type because I'm the second generation college graduate in my immediate family.
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So all of that is what we commonly know as societal biases, right?
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Very prevalent.
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And many of us are aware that they exist.
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but what we likely don't talk enough about is that bias doesn't always mean discrimination.
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Sometimes it means protection, protecting all of our comfort zones.
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And when we protect the familiar,
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we unintentionally silence the unfamiliar in publishing.
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For instance, we may silence the author that writes about a neighborhood we've never been to.
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We may silence an immigrant that speaks with a voice that weighs heavy in a culture that we cannot understand.
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And we may also silence a person of faith because they don't sound anything like the mainstream church that we attend.
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And we are not silencing them because their stories lack value.
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We are silencing them because they challenge ours.
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So this is the good news.
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The good news is bias is learned so it can be unlearned unlearned.
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And books can be bridges to help that,
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but only if we let them be built.
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And why this is important is because the future of publishing is not just about books.
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It's about who can be seen.
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And more importantly, it's about who can be heard.
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And if that is true,
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if that we could be wrong about people that we meet in the first one second,
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then we can know that there's always a different way to look at someone else.
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So as I continue my work in the publishing profession,
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I want to ask you this.
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Let that next person that you meet astound you.
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Let that next story that you read not just inspire you, but challenge you.
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And may that next first impression be only that,
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a beginning and not a conclusion.
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Because the world doesn't change when you publish a book.
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It changes when you stop judging the cover.
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Don't judge the cover.
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Read the full story.
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Thank you.
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上下文与背景
在2025年，美国的书籍审查和删除数量创下20年来的新高，超过7000本书籍被挑战或完全从书店和图书馆中移除。演讲者Liza Marie Garcia在演讲中提出，我们日常阅读的书籍实际上是由一小部分人选择的，这种偏见往往是微妙且不易察觉的。作为出版行业的从业者，她通过帮助作者实现出版梦想，反观出版如何不仅反映文化，同时也在塑造文化。这种文化的偏见，可能使得某些故事和观点未能被广泛传播。
日常交流的五个短语
- Raise your hands - 举手
- Powerful story - 强大的故事
- Trust our team - 信任我们的团队
- Tell their truth - 讲述他们的真相
- My values - 我的价值观
逐步影子跟读指南
要提升你的英语口语能力和发音，建议运用影子跟读的技巧，尤其是在观看 此视频时。以下是你可以遵循的步骤：
- 选择片段：从视频中挑选一小段对话，初次观看时，专注听讲者的语调和情感。
- 分段练习：将选定的片段分为几部分，先听每一部分，然后尝试模仿其发音与语调。
- 重复听力：重新播放每一部分，努力跟随讲者的节奏，使用英语影子跟读的方法，模仿他们的语音与语调。
- 练习理解：在影子跟读的同时，思考那些隐藏的文化背景和偏见，以提高你的语言理解能力。
- 总结反馈：录下你的跟读，然后与视频中的原声相比，评估自己的进步和需要改进的地方。
运用这些技巧，不仅可以通过看YouTube学英语，还能有效提高你的英语口语练习能力，促进你在语言上的自信和流利度。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。