跟读练习: How memories form and how we lose them - Catharine Young - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
C1
Think back to a really vivid memory.
40 句
如果句子过短或过长，请点击 Edit 进行调整。
1
Think back to a really vivid memory.
2
Got it? Okay, now try to remember what you had for lunch three weeks ago.
3
That second memory probably isn't as strong, but why not?
4
Why do we remember some things, and not others?
5
And why do memories eventually fade?
6
Let's look at how memories form in the first place.
7
When you experience something, like dialing a phone number, the experience is converted into a pulse of electrical energy that zips along a network of neurons.
8
Information first lands in short term memory, where it's available from anywhere from a few seconds to a couple of minutes.
9
It's then transferred to long-term memory through areas such as the hippocampus, and finally to several storage regions across the brain.
10
Neurons throughout the brain communicate at dedicated sites called synapses using specialized neurotransmitters.
11
If two neurons communicate repeatedly, a remarkable thing happens: the efficiency of communication between them increases.
12
This process, called long term potentiation, is considered to be a mechanism by which memories are stored long-term, but how do some memories get lost?
13
Age is one factor.
14
As we get older, synapses begin to falter and weaken, affecting how easily we can retrieve memories.
15
Scientists have several theories about what's behind this deterioration, from actual brain shrinkage, the hippocampus loses 5% of its neurons every decade for a total loss of 20% by the time you're 80 years old to the drop in the production of neurotransmitters, like acetylcholine, which is vital to learning and memory.
16
These changes seem to affect how people retrieve stored information.
17
Age also affects our memory-making abilities.
18
Memories are encoded most strongly when we're paying attention, when we're deeply engaged, and when information is meaningful to us.
19
Mental and physical health problems, which tend to increase as we age, interfere with our ability to pay attention, and thus act as memory thieves.
20
Another leading cause of memory problems is chronic stress.
21
When we're constantly overloaded with work and personal responsibilites, our bodies are on hyperalert.
22
This response has evolved from the physiological mechanism designed to make sure we can survive in a crisis.
23
Stress chemicals help mobilize energy and increase alertness.
24
However, with chronic stress our bodies become flooded with these chemicals, resulting in a loss of brain cells and an inability to form new ones, which affects our ability to retain new information.
25
Depression is another culprit.
26
People who are depressed are 40% more likely to develop memory problems.
27
Low levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter connected to arousal, may make depressed individuals less attentive to new information.
28
Dwelling on sad events in the past, another symptom of depression, makes it difficult to pay attention to the present, affecting the ability to store short-term memories.
29
Isolation, which is tied to depression, is another memory thief.
30
A study by the Harvard School of Public Health found that older people with high levels of social integration had a slower rate of memory decline over a six-year period.
31
The exact reason remains unclear, but experts suspect that social interaction gives our brain a mental workout.
32
Just like muscle strength, we have to use our brain or risk losing it.
33
But don't despair.
34
There are several steps you can take to aid your brain in preserving your memories.
35
Make sure you keep physically active.
36
Increased blood flow to the brain is helpful.
37
And eat well.
38
Your brain needs all the right nutrients to keep functioning correctly.
39
And finally, give your brain a workout.
40
Exposing your brain to challenges, like learning a new language, is one of the best defenses for keeping your memories intact.
下载应用
AI 为你说出的每个句子打分
TRENDING
热门
背景与背景信息
在这段视频中，演讲者Catharine Young深入讨论了记忆是如何形成的以及我们为何会失去记忆。她以一个有趣的例子开始，要求观众回忆起鲜明的记忆和几周前吃的午餐，指出这些记忆的强度差异。通过对神经元之间通讯的解释，她揭示了短期记忆和长期记忆的转移过程，并探讨了随年龄增长和压力等因素对记忆的影响。这些见解为学习英语的过程增添了新的角度，特别是如何通过有效记忆和理解来提高英语发音和口语能力。
日常交流中的五个短语
- Think back to: 回想起来
- Try to remember: 尝试记住
- Effective communication: 有效沟通
- Chronic stress: 慢性压力
- Pay attention: 注意
这些短语可以帮助您在日常交流中更流利地表达您对记忆及其影响的理解，同时也有助于您在进行英语影子跟读练习时巩固语言技巧，特别是在雅思口语练习中。
逐步影子跟读指南
为了更好地应对视频中的内容，您可以遵循以下影子跟读（shadow speech）步骤，这将有助于提高英语发音和口语能力：
- 观看视频：首先，观看整个视频并理解其内容。这为您提供了整体的背景，使后续的学习更为高效。
- 聆听和模仿：在观看视频时，注意演讲者的发音和语调。暂停并尝试模仿她的每一句话，专注于发音和语速。
- 记录和回放：可以录制自己模仿的声音，回放时对比演讲者的表达。注意到哪些地方需要改善，这样更能针对性地提高英语发音。
- 反复练习：反复进行影子跟读，直至能流利无误地复述内容。此过程可以帮助固化您对短语和重要概念的理解。
- 实际运用：通过与他人交流或自己进行对话练习，应用您从视频中学到的短语和表达，加深记忆。
通过这种逐步的英语影子跟读（shadowspeak）方法，您将能有效提高自己的听说能力，并进一步增强记忆的形成与保持。记得保持积极的心态，并将压力管理纳入日常生活，这样才能为您的语言学习保驾护航。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。