跟读练习: Learning multiple languages ⏲️ 6 Minute English - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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I'm Neil and today I'm here with Hannah from BBC podcast What in the World.
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Hello Hannah.
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Hi Neil.
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Hannah and the What in the World team have been investigating what it's like to learn multiple languages
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and she's here to tell us more about it.
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Welcome to 6 Minute English.
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Thank you so much for having me.
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And it's great to have you here.
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Now, in this programme we help you improve your English
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and maybe English is the first language you have ever tried to learn.
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Or maybe you know a lot of languages.
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Well, someone who knows multiple languages is called a polyglot.
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Neil, are you a polyglot?
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I speak a little bit of a few languages but I couldn't say that I'm a polyglot.
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How about you?
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I am a polyglot.
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Wow, I feel really impressed and a bit intimidated.
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Now, Hannah, we always start our programme off with a question.
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So, here it goes.
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Which country has the most official languages recognised by their government?
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So, is it a Zimbabwe,
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b Switzerland or c Bolivia?
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I would guess Zimbabwe.
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Well, we'll find out the answer at the end of the programme.
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Now, Hannah, you've been finding out about some of the benefits of being a polyglot.
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Yes, Neil, there's been lots of research about how knowing more than one language can change your brain.
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And this might have some health benefits too.
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At What in the World,
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we spoke to Professor Frédéric Liégeois,
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who's a cognitive neuroscientist at University College London.
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Babies, even before they speak,
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have to tune into the languages around them to make sense out of what people say to them.
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And then when children start to speak several languages,
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they have to focus on one language and ignore another one where they're speaking.
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They also have to be able to switch from one language to the other,
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depending on who they're speaking to.
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Later on in age, when adults have dementia,
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they seem to show symptoms later when they're bilinguals as opposed to monolinguals.
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We think that juggling several languages has helped them really boost this brain efficiency,
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which is a great advantage.
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It's like a brain workout.
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Frederic explains that babies who grow up learning more than one language have to tune into the languages around them.
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They have to listen to each language.
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Over time, they become good at switching languages and ignoring the ones they don't need in a conversation.
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Scientists think that juggling several languages is good for you.
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If you juggle several things,
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that means you deal with all of them at the same time.
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Frederic describes being a polyglot as a brain workout.
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This means it's exercise for your brain that can make it stronger.
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Now, Hannah, I don't know about you.
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When I was younger and languages just seemed like another subject at school,
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I didn't really care so much.
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But when I worked abroad later in life,
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I was much more motivated and found it easier.
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How about you?
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Quite the opposite, actually.
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I did find it easier to learn languages at school and university.
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But I didn't have to learn these languages out of necessity.
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But my colleague, Victoria Unwankunde,
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she's a presenter and a journalist on the BBC World Service, she did.
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She speaks five languages and she understands eight.
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And she learnt those languages because her family moved from Rwanda to Kenya and then to Norway when she was a teenager.
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Victoria says she was able to pick up Norwegian quite easily.
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If you pick up a skill,
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it means you learn it,
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usually by being in the environment where that thing happens,
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rather than being taught.
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But Victoria's parents found it much harder to learn Norwegian.
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Let's hear what Vic said on the What in the World podcast.
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First of all, you're having them coming into a new culture completely from everything they've ever known.
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The language is new.
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These are people in their 50s,
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you know, but they soldiered on because if you want to work,
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if you want to live there, you have to learn.
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And they did.
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It wasn't easy.
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But I think also with us kids,
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we picked it up quite quickly.
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So if they were making a mistake,
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we were also helping them along the way.
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So, it's kind of a way of paying back.
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You helped us get to this,
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you know, to keep our mother tongue and here we are going to help you.
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Victoria's parents found it difficult to learn Norwegian in their 50s,
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but they soldiered on.
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They continued doing something even though it was difficult.
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And I love that the family helped each other with their languages, Hannah.
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Yes, so Vic's parents helped them keep their mother tongue,
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Kinyaranda, when they had to leave Rwanda.
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And then years later, the children helped their parents learn Norwegian.
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Hannah, Victoria picked up Norwegian quite easily,
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even after learning four other languages.
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Did Victoria have any tips for learning so many languages?
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Well, one thing she recommended is trying to immerse yourself in the language.
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So she said, go to the market or into the street,
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a place where you can listen to people using the language.
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Yes, and some learners might be learning English online and
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so they don't have the opportunity to to go to a market or street and hear the language.
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Yes, and some learners might be learning English online and
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so they don't have the opportunity to go to a market or street and hear the language.
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But there are other things that you can do.
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For example, you can listen to 6 Minute English or you could try other BBC podcasts like What in the World too.
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What in the World is the programme that I work on and we put out a new episode every weekday.
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We look at stories from around the world covering news
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and trending topics to try to help you make sense of the world.
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Time now for the answer to our quiz question.
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I asked you which country has the most officially recognised languages?
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I said Zimbabwe.
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And I'm afraid that was the wrong answer.
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It was in fact Bolivia,
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which recognises 37 languages, though of course not everyone speaks all of them.
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Now let's recap the vocabulary that we have learned,
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starting with polyglot, which is someone who knows lots of languages like me.
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If you tune in to something,
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you listen or pay attention to it.
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Juggling several things, like languages,
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means doing several different things at the same time.
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A brain workout is exercise for your brain.
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If you pick up a skill,
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you learn it, usually through practice rather than being taught.
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And if you soldier on,
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you continue doing something even though it's difficult.
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Thanks for listening to 6 Minute English
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and listen to the full episode of What in the world about polyglots and learning languages,
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there's a link in the notes below this programme.
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Thank you so much for having me on 6 Minute English.
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Goodbye.
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Ciao.
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Adios.
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Até logo.
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Sayonara.
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Bye.
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为什么要通过这个视频练习口语？
学习多种语言的过程不仅仅是掌握词汇和语法，更是一个提升认知能力的旅程。通过观看《6分钟英语》视频，您不仅可以提升英语口语能力，还能了解学习多种语言的一个重要优势，那就是增强大脑效率。这种口语练习（英语口语练习）极其重要，因它不仅可以帮助您提升发音和表达流利度，还能通过理解内容和上下文，促进思维的灵活性。
此外，借助这类视频，您可以进行“影子跟读”（英语影子跟读），即在听的同时模仿说话者的发音和语调，这将有效帮助您克服发音障碍，培养良好的语感，提升语言运用能力。
语法与表达在语境中的应用
在视频中，语言专家讨论了多语种学习的好处，使用了多个重要的语言结构，以下是解析：
- “have to”: 这个短语用于表示必要性，如“babies have to tune into the languages around them”。在实际对话中，能帮助您表达对某事的义务或强制性。
- “switch from...to...”: 这个结构用于描述在两种语言之间的转换，富有灵活性，是谈论多语言学习时不可或缺的表达。
- “seem to”: 用于表达推测或感知，例如“they seem to show symptoms later”。这种表达可以丰富您在不确定情况下的口语表达能力。
常见发音陷阱
视频中的一些单词和短语可能对学习者构成发音挑战。注意以下几个常见的发音陷阱：
- “polyglot”: 这个词的发音有时会令人困惑，确保重音在第一个音节上，帮助您流利地表达自己时更显专业。
- “efficiency”: 这个词在发音时容易出错，注意不要漏掉“ci”发音。
- “juggling”: 用于形容同时处理多种语言的状态，这个词发音中的“j”音可能会导致错误，确保清晰发出。
通过关注这些发音关键点并结合影子跟读（shadow speech），您将能更自信地参与到实际对话中，持续提升英语口语能力。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。