跟读练习: VOA Learning English - Health Report # 391 - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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This is the VOA Special English Health Report.
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This is the VOA Special English Health Report.
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COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,
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blocks airflow through the lungs.
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It makes breathing difficult.
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The leading cause is cigarette smoking.
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Experts at the National Institutes of Health in the United States say the damage to the lungs cannot be repaired
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and there is no cure.
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Don DeMeo is an assistant professor at Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts.
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Dr. DeMaio says, by 2020,
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COPD will likely be the third leading cause of death across the world.
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COPD is a new name for emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
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These are the two most common forms of the disease.
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Many people with COPD have both of them.
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And Dr. DiMaio says more women than men now die from the disease.
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She is the lead author of a study by a team from Harvard's Brigham
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and Women's Hospital and the University of Bergen in Norway.
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The new study adds to findings that women may be more at risk than men for the damaging effects of smoking.
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The team examined results from a Norwegian study of 954 people with COPD.
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Inga Cecilia Sorheim co-authored the team's findings.
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Dr. Sorheim says they show that women suffered the same severity of COPD as men,
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but by comparison the female smokers were younger and had smoked a lot less.
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The team also looked at two groups among the people in the study.
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These were people under the age of 60 and those who had smoked for less than 20 years.
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In both cases, women had more severe COPD and a greater loss of lung function than men.
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Dr. DeMaio says some of the people in the study did not smoke much but still developed severe lung disease.
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She said many people underestimate the health risks of their own cigarette smoking.
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They think that a few cigarettes every day are harmless.
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But clearly there is no such thing as a safe level of cigarette smoke exposure
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and our findings suggest
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that this is especially true for women dr. Sorheim says there
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are several possible explanations why women may be more at risk from the effects of cigarette smoke than men.
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Women have smaller airways, she says,
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so each cigarette may do more harm.
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Also, there are differences between males and females in the way the body processes cigarette smoke.
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And, she says, genes and and hormones could also play an important part.
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And that's the VOA Special English Health Report.
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背景与概况
本视频属于VOA特别英语健康报告，主题围绕慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）。COPD是一种导致气流受到阻碍的疾病，使得呼吸变得困难。主要的致病因素是吸烟。美国国家卫生研究院的专家指出，肺部的损伤是不可逆转的，目前尚无治愈方法。视频中还介绍了哈佛医学院的Don DeMeo博士的研究，预计到2020年，COPD将成为全球第三大死亡原因。随着研究的深入，研究团队发现女性吸烟者比男性面临更大的健康风险，这对于学习英语的我们来说，了解这些健康话题能够帮助我们提高英语口语能力，同时增强对健康知识的理解。
日常交流的五个重要短语
- COPD - 慢性阻塞性肺病
- blocks airflow - 阻碍气流
- leading cause - 主要原因
- lung function - 肺功能
- health risks - 健康风险
这些短语不仅出现在健康报告的内容中，也可以在日常生活中讨论健康时频繁使用，因此熟知它们将提升您的英语口语练习能力，对雅思口语练习也大有裨益。
逐步模仿指南
为了更有效地提高您的英语口语能力，特别是在生命科学与健康相关的主题中，您可以进行以下步骤的模仿练习（也称为shadowspeak）：
- 听取：仔细倾听视频中的对话，注意发音和重音。
- 跟读：在听的同时，尝试模仿说话者的语调和节奏。这不仅将帮助您记忆短语，还能提高您的发音。
- 断句：尝试将较长的句子分解为更短的部分，逐句跟读，以便更好地理解每个词语的用法。
- 重复：反复观看视频，特别是您觉得困难的部分，直到能够流利地说出相应的内容。
- 应用：将学到的短语和表达方式用于您的日常交流中，或者在模拟雅思口语练习时使用。
通过不断的练习，您将会发现，使用这些英语短语交流变得越来越自然。利用这样的shadowing site进行反复练习，对于提升您的英語口语能力至关重要。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。