跟读练习: Why do we love? A philosophical inquiry - Skye C. Cleary - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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Ah, romantic love - beautiful and intoxicating, heartbreaking and soul-crushing, often all at the same time.
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Ah, romantic love - beautiful and intoxicating, heartbreaking and soul-crushing, often all at the same time.
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Why do we choose to put ourselves through its emotional wringer?
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Does love make our lives meaningful, or is it an escape from our loneliness and suffering?
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Is love a disguise for our sexual desire, or a trick of biology to make us procreate?
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Is it all we need?
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Do we need it at all?
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If romantic love has a purpose, neither science nor psychology has discovered it yet.
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But over the course of history, some of our most respected philosophers have put forward some intriguing theories.
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Love makes us whole, again.
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The ancient Greek philosopher Plato explored the idea that we love in order to become complete.
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In his "Symposium", he wrote about a dinner party, at which Aristophanes, a comic playwright, regales the guests with the following story: humans were once creatures with four arms, four legs, and two faces.
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One day, they angered the gods, and Zeus sliced them all in two.
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Since then, every person has been missing half of him or herself.
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Love is the longing to find a soulmate who'll make us feel whole again, or, at least, that's what Plato believed a drunken comedian would say at a party.
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Love tricks us into having babies.
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Much, much later, German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer maintained that love based in sexual desire was a voluptuous illusion.
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He suggested that we love because our desires lead us to believe that another person will make us happy, but we are sorely mistaken.
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Nature is tricking us into procreating, and the loving fusion we seek is consummated in our children.
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When our sexual desires are satisfied, we are thrown back into our tormented existences, and we succeed only in maintaining the species and perpetuating the cycle of human drudgery.
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Sounds like somebody needs a hug.
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Love is escape from our loneliness.
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According to the Nobel Prize-winning British philosopher Bertrand Russell, we love in order to quench our physical and psychological desires.
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Humans are designed to procreate, but without the ecstasy of passionate love, sex is unsatisfying.
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Our fear of the cold, cruel world tempts us to build hard shells to protect and isolate ourselves.
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Love's delight, intimacy, and warmth helps us overcome our fear of the world, escape our lonely shells, and engage more abundantly in life.
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Love enriches our whole being, making it the best thing in life.
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Love is a misleading affliction.
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Siddhārtha Gautama, who became known as the Buddha, or the Enlightened One, probably would have had some interesting arguments with Russell.
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Buddha proposed that we love because we are trying to satisfy our base desires.
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Yet, our passionate cravings are defects, and attachments, even romantic love, are a great source of suffering.
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Luckily, Buddha discovered the eight-fold path, a sort of program for extinguishing the fires of desire so that we can reach Nirvana, an enlightened state of peace, clarity, wisdom, and compassion.
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The novelist Cao Xueqin illustrated this Buddhist sentiment that romantic love is folly in one of China's greatest classical novels, "Dream of the Red Chamber." In a subplot, Jia Rui falls in love with Xi-feng who tricks and humiliates him.
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Conflicting emotions of love and hate tear him apart, so a Taoist gives him a magic mirror that can cure him as long as he doesn't look at the front of it.
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But of course, he looks at the front of it.
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He sees Xi-feng.
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His soul enters the mirror and he is dragged away in iron chains to die.
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Not all Buddhists think this way about romantic and erotic love, but the moral of this story is that such attachments spell tragedy, and should, along with magic mirrors, be avoided.
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Love lets us reach beyond ourselves.
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Let's end on a slightly more positive note.
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The French philosopher Simone de Beauvoir proposed that love is the desire to integrate with another and that it infuses our lives with meaning.
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However, she was less concerned with why we love and more interested in how we can love better.
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She saw that the problem with traditional romantic love is it can be so captivating, that we are tempted to make it our only reason for being.
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Yet, dependence on another to justify our existence easily leads to boredom and power games.
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To avoid this trap, Beauvoir advised loving authentically, which is more like a great friendship.
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Lovers support each other in discovering themselves, reaching beyond themselves, and enriching their lives and the world together.
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Though we might never know why we fall in love, we can be certain that it will be an emotional rollercoaster ride.
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It's scary and exhilarating.
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It makes us suffer and makes us soar.
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Maybe we lose ourselves.
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Maybe we find ourselves.
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It might be heartbreaking, or it might just be the best thing in life.
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Will you dare to find out?
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关于本课
在本课中，学习者将深入探讨关于爱的哲学思考。这段视频通过著名哲学家的理论，讨论了爱的不同方面，包括其对人类存在的意义与影响。学习者将通过模仿发音和句子的方式，提高自己的英语表达能力与理解能力，特别是在讨论复杂主题时的流利度。
关键词汇与短语
- 浪漫爱情 (Romantic Love)
- 意义 (Meaning)
- 孤独 (Loneliness)
- 欲望 (Desire)
- 悲伤 (Suffering)
- 相互支持 (Support Each Other)
- 智慧 (Wisdom)
- 启示 (Insight)
练习技巧
为了有效进行雅思口语练习，建议在观看视频时采用shadow speak的练习方式。这段视频的语速适中，情感表达丰富，极易进行模仿。首先，建议您先完整观看一次，并尽量理解每个概念。然后，在第二次观看时，暂停每个句子，重复模仿视频的发音和语调。这种提高英语发音的方法，能帮助您在真实对话中更自信地表达自己的观点。
在练习时，可以尝试shadow speech，即在说的同时跟随视频的语调和节奏。通过这种方法，您能够吸收不同的表达方式和词汇，从而丰富自己的语言能力。记住，持续的练习与反复模仿将帮助您在复杂话题上更加流利，能够自如地表达自己的看法。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。