Shadowing-Übung: Azure App Service and Virtual Network Integration Options - Englisch Sprechen Lernen mit YouTube

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Hey everyone.

In this video, I want to talk about the relationship and the interaction between app services and virtual networks.

Because there seems to be a lot of questions coming in about,

well, do I use a private endpoint?

Do I use VNet integration?

Do I use a gateway?

So let's kind of look at this.

So app services were actually one of the original Azure services way back

when it first started and gone through a lot of innovation around now.

So I can think about,

well, I have my app service plan.

Now, normally this is a multi-tenant model.

There's a certain stamp of infrastructure that has front ends.

There's data roles.

There's file services.

So that is shared by the customers on that particular staff.

There's a single inbound IP address.

You can get a unique IP address if you really want it through the kind of SSL option.

Then there's multiple outbound IP addresses.

We have this shared set of front ends,

the data roles, the file servers.

And then unique per customer,

you have a number of workers.

These are the things where you say,

hey, this is the type of worker on the SKU.

These can auto scale.

And this is where when you create your particular kind of web app,

etc., it's running on your workers.

So the workers, they're unique to you.

Then there's that other shared set of infrastructure.

And then you have kind of your virtual network.

So over here I'm creating my VNet,

which again is kind of a set of IP addresses.

And the challenge we have is really two.

The first one is the apps running in my app service plan

want to be able to reach resources running in my VNet.

And or, well maybe there's other VNets that I have tiered them.

And or there's on-premises resources that I happen to have connected via site-to-site VPN or ExpressRoute.

So from the app, maybe there's a database,

there's some other tier of service.

I want to be able to get to things here.

And then I've got resources running here that want to be able to privately get to the app.

Remember, the multi-tenant model, there's an inbound IP address that's public facing.

And maybe I want to lock that down.

So what can I do with that?

So we have these two different requirements.

Now, when we think about that,

let's start off thinking about going to our application.

And the first solution is kind of a very familiar one.

It's service endpoints.

So if we think about,

well, hey, look, we've got our virtual network here.

And we think about, well,

we divide this into subnets.

So I can think about,

well, I have a particular subnet here.

And what I can do is I can turn on the service endpoint.

So the service endpoint is going to be that Microsoft.web.

Now, this particular subnet can be known to app services.

So now on this app service,

it has kind of its set of inbound controls.

I can actually specify, hey,

well, on those inbound controls,

you can imagine it's kind of like a firewall into the app service.

I'm only going to allow in,

and we'll call this subnet one,

well I'm going to say subnet one, yes, you're allowed.

So it's still technically going through the public IP address,

but when I do the service endpoint,

remember it creates the optimized route,

so it's not just bouncing around the regular edge routers,

etc. It's doing a very direct route,

really as optimized as it can get.

And I'm now restricting it through its rules to say,

hey, only coming from this particular subnet.

Now the challenge with this is service endpoints,

it's just for things in the subnet.

What about if I want to get to it from other networks or on-premises?

So one of the things I can kind of add to this is,

well, I can actually do something like AppGateway.

If I deployed AppGateway into that subnet with the service endpoint of Microsoft.web,

other things would come into the AppGateway and essentially proxy through and then go via that path.

So this gives me that ability.

So it's still going to the public endpoint,

but it's completely locked down.

I can't get to it from anywhere other than the subnet to the service endpoint that I have enabled.

So it's all about, hey,

from our vNet, wanting to go to that particular app.

The other option, well, there is one other,

but the other main option for controlling giving access that way is private endpoints.

So that's obviously very, very common today.

More and more services are kind of adopting this.

So the private endpoint, there's an IP address is consumed from a particular subnet in our virtual network that essentially

is natting the traffic to that.

I could now completely again lock down the app to not allow anything other than this particular private endpoint.

And that's going to work for kind of Windows apps,

Linux apps, even Windows containers today.

So at this precise moment,

as I'm recording, it's previewed,

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but I think it's going to come out of that any day.

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So again, that's the other option,

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private endpoint, I would then access that IP address.

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And the great thing about private endpoint is it is just an IP in this VNet.

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So any network that is connected to this VNet can see the IP and use it.

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I just have to make sure I have the consistent DNS in place so it works and resolves to the private endpoint.

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I mentioned there was another.

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There is, of course, IP address restrictions that I can use on this thing.

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So if I know the IP address the request is coming from,

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I can restrict it to just that IP address.

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So if, for example, I could have a NAT gateway,

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I could have a standard load balancer with outbound rules,

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I know the outbound IP,

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I could use that as well.

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But honestly, if I'm talking about something in the VNet talking to it,

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that service endpoint is a better option.

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It's really locking it down to that particular subnet. So great.

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that addressed things going from the VNet talking to the app.

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What about the other direction?

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Now, my application wants to be able to talk to things actually within the virtual network.

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Now, option one is not really well suited to this.

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Option one is suited to the idea that,

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hey, there's some resource on-premises,

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could be a database, some other component,

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that I want the app to talk to.

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And this is where we actually go and use hybrid connections.

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So with hybrid connections, we have this hybrid connection manager that we deploy.

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It establishes an outbound connection over 443 to Azure Relay,

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which then lets the app talk to the service.

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Now, this is only TCP.

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It's a particular TCP port and endpoint.

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So I'd have to have one of these for each different sort of sets of things I want to talk to.

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It's TCP only.

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I can't do UDP over this thing.

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But now it's established the outbound connection which now enables the app to go

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and talk to whatever source this is kind of offering.

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It could be a database, for example.

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So technically, I could deploy a hybrid connection manager in my VNet.

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It would establish that outbound 443 to the Azure Relay,

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which would now enable that direction of connectivity.

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So absolutely, I can do that.

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It doesn't make the most sense in the world, though.

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There's better solutions for that. And we have two.

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So the first is a gateway required VNet integration.

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So as the name kind of suggests,

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I have to have a gateway.

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So I can think about it,

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we use a different color.

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So here I'm gonna have a gateway.

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And it has to support point to site VPN.

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So we're gonna do the route based dynamic.

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And what's gonna happen here is my app is essentially gonna establish a point to site VPN connection.

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So it is gonna go and connect to the gateway,

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so I have to have the gateway.

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Remember the gateway lives in its own kind of dedicated subnet.

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And then from there, well,

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it would be able to talk to those things.

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Now, this does not allow me to go and traverse the things like ExpressRoute.

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What is nice about this gateway option is,

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well, actually that gateway where you could live in any Azure region.

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So maybe the app service plan is South Central.

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I wanna go and talk to a VNet that's in East or West or Europe.

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This will work.

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I can have a gateway in other regions and it will be able to go and talk to it.

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Also, this will work with classic virtual networks.

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So the old style before ARM,

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I could have the gateway there and I could do a point to site VPN connection to it.

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So that's one option.

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The preferred option is regional vNet integration.

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So we're going to kind of draw this in yet another color.

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We'll do this in gold.

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So with regional vNet integration,

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as the name kind of suggests,

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we have a particular subnet.

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Now this is going to be delegated for this app to integrate in.

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So now what we're going to do is this app is essentially going to take over this subnet,

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and it's going to consume IP addresses within that subnet.

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This has to be in the same region as the app.

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That's why it's regional VNet integration.

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I cannot use this if I want to talk to a VNet that's in a different region.

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I cannot use this to talk to a classic virtual network.

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So this is the best solution if the VNet is in the same region as the app.

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But if it's a different region,

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it's classic, I'll have to go for the gateway approach.

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Now, what's going to happen here,

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remember these workers, each worker is going to consume an IP address in this kind of delegated subnet.

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And I can't use this subnet for anything else.

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it's locked down only the app service plan.

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So if I had three workers,

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I'd be consuming three IP addresses.

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So when I'm sizing this subnet,

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I have to think about what's the maximum scale I'm ever gonna do,

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and then double it.

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Because let's say I was gonna have eight workers at max.

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Remember, if I resize my workers,

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the way Azure works is it spins up eight new ones of the new size,

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make sure they're working, and then deletes the old one.

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So it'd have the eight existing,

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the eight new ones, and then it would delete the old.

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So I'd have double that number.

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So when I think about sizing,

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make sure it's double the maximum number of workers you're ever gonna have.

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Remember, you lose five IP addresses.

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So the host, the broadcast,

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the three Azure ones that it steals.

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So make sure you size this subnet.

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So you're gonna size this subnet.

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So if I thought I was gonna have eight workers,

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I think, well, I need 16 usable IP addresses,

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then I'd probably make that kind of a slash 27.

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If you're not short on IP addresses,

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maybe just give it a slash 24.

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But make sure you size it correctly.

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So from here, it can now go and talk to things in that virtual network.

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It can talk to things over the express route.

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So I can go and talk to that as well.

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It cannot talk to peer networks.

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So if I had another network that's peered, it's not gonna work.

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If it was a regional peer, it's not gonna work.

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That's what's called regional Vignette Peering.

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It doesn't support peering itself today.

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It's just a regional integration.

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Now, if I had private endpoints within this virtual network talking to other services,

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maybe I've got a particular storage account or something.

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Well now, this app through the Vignette integration can go and talk via the private endpoint to that storage.

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So I can start to lock those things that way,

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it can work together like that.

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So what do we kind of have to the app?

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I can do IP access restrictions,

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but generally we're gonna do a service endpoint for the Microsoft.web.

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If I need beyond the subnet,

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I can always proxy via App Gateway,

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or I can use private endpoints.

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from the app to my resources,

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well, yeah, I can use the hybrid connections.

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Doesn't make the most sense.

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I can use the gateway,

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point to site, works across different regions.

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Best option is the VNet integration.

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Today, VNet has to be the same region,

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actually has the app itself.

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One caveat to all of these things,

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and there's different types of kind of app,

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like running an app service plan,

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web apps, mobile apps, API apps, and functions.

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Now remember, functions can be serverless.

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If I wanna use functions,

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and I wanna use these kind of capabilities,

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with the exception of the service endpoints and the IP restrictions,

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if I wanna do functions,

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I have to run it in kind of a dedicated,

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I am running it in a regular app service plan of workers,

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or I think it's kind of the elastic premium,

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which is fairly close to a kind of dedicated.

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I cannot do the pure consumption,

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the regular consumption, can't spell,

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functions will not work for most of these things,

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because it can't, there's no dedicated set of resources establish this.

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So if you want to use Azure Functions,

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I want to use private endpoints,

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I want to use the VNet integration,

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I need to run it on a dedicated App Service Plan or Elastic Premium,

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then I can get that.

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Now there is of course one other option and this is the ACE.

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So if I just draw a brand new picture for this one super quick,

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I can think about once again,

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I have my virtual network,

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so I have my VNet.

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And remember before we talked about there's all those shared components like the data stores,

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the file servers, the front ends,

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and then there was the workers.

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With an ACE, what actually happens is I have a particular subnet,

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and then I deploy my app service environment into that directly.

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So I can think about within here,

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I have kind of the front ends,

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I have kind of the file servers,

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and I have my workers.

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So these are now actually running in the subnet in my virtual network.

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It's dedicated, it's all dedicated to me.

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So now if there are other resources in the vnet

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or cover connected well there's no other integration required this stuff's

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sitting in the subnet there's different types of ace there's internal

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external in terms of what it's facing you would do internal

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if you wanted that direction but now it's on the subnet

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inside that ace i would create one or more app service plans where i'd run my apps

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and they'll now have that full kind of connectivity to it.

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So that's the other option.

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The downside is the ACE is more expensive because I'm not getting the benefit of those shared components anymore.

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I kind of split the cost with other tenants and they're all running inside my subnet.

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But this was kind of the traditional way we had to have kind of that private connectivity in the past.

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But now we have all those other great private endpoints,

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service endpoints, Bnet integration, etc. One note,

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if you do this, remember there is still kind of the Azure Resource Manager management plane and lots of other things.

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This still has to be able to talk to that.

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If you do a bunch of controls and locks and things on this and lock it down so much,

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you can break it.

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There's actually a lot of different communications required.

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They're all documented, but don't think I can just deploy an ACE and then turn everything off,

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it's gonna break.

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So there's still communications required with the kind of arm management,

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but this is another option.

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It's just they are in your vNet.

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That wouldn't be my first choice because of the cost.

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There's more things involved.

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Ideally, you'll kind of look at these And in the ideal world,

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it's the same region.

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I'm probably going to use the regional network integration option and private endpoints or those kind of service endpoints.

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We'll hopefully do what you need.

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So, again, I hope this was useful.

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I was trying to clear up the distinction.

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I'm going to need one of each.

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VNet integration doesn't provide me with the ability to talk to the service.

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VNet integration is app talking stuff here and then private endpoints or service endpoints go in the other way.

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So, it's different technologies.

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they're all unidirectional they do one of the requirements we have hope this was useful again please like comment subscribe

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and share if it was until next time take care

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