Pratique du Shadowing: Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM) - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

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25 phrases
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1
An arteriovenous malformation, or AVM for short, is a blood vessel malformation that actually lives in the brain tissue itself.
2
They're almost like birds nests or a tangle of blood vessels that are located in the brain.
3
There are many, many arteries that typically go into AVMs that feed the AVM with blood and there's large veins that drain the AVM of blood.
4
We don't really know why AVMs form, but they do form at eight weeks in gestation.
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When you're in your mom's belly, when the blood vessels of the brain are forming, that's when AVMs typically form.
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They usually present clinically or to physicians, and it can be varied, but usually around 20 years old, or even like 40 years old.
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There could be no symptoms of AVMs, but the symptoms that we commonly get patients referred for could be headache, and it's not just sort of normal headache, but it'd be sort of a persistent, severe headache.
8
People can have seizures, and the biggest sort of fear thing that AVMs can do is cause bleeding in the brain.
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That type of symptom's not very mistakable.
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it's a very very sudden severe headache so if that happens we recommend that patients go to the emergency room very quickly.
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There are many treatment options the first one is good old-fashioned surgery we actually make an incision on the scalp we remove a small window of bone and we resect the AVM using microsurgical techniques.
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The second option we go up through the groin with a catheter or a small tube and we go into those small blood vessels of the brain right
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to the point where the blood vessel meets the AVM and we can actually inject small particles or glue substances that go into the AVM to block off the blood supply.
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And then the third option is something called gamma knife radiosurgery which is a very focused type of radiation that we deliver to the AVM that over about two to three years sort of slowly melts the AVM away.
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Patients typically present in one of two ways.
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One is for an elective treatment so that's where I see a patient in my clinic.
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We talk about different forms of AVM treatment and then we actually perform that.
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Very different scenario than when patients come in and when they have a bleed from an AVM.
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That's more of an emergent situation.
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In those situations patients and families can expect a rapid hospital workup and course where we actually get imaging studies and sometimes even emergent surgery is required in those situations.
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There are many, many different aspects to caring for patients with AVMs, all the way from very, very good surgical care to post-operative care.
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Sometimes patients need to be in the neuro ICU after AVM treatment just to monitor them.
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You want a lot of people there from a rehab team or support team so that people can get better.
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The combination of that comprehensive team really predicts success when we treat AVMs.
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Thank you.

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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon

Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau C2 s’appuie sur la vidéo « Arteriovenous Malformation ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : Avm, patient, blood, vessel, brain. Cette vidéo contient 25 phrases et 509 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 2:30. Le locuteur parle vite, environ 203 mots par minute : attendez-vous à des liaisons et à des sons réduits. Seuls 80 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.

Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo

Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :

MotPrononciationSens
headache nom/ˈhɛdeɪk/mal de tête
emergent adjectif/ɪˈmɝd͡ʒənt/émergent
malformation nommalformation
symptom nom/ˈsɪm(p)təm/symptôme
bleed verbe/ˈbliːd/saigner
catheter nom/ˈkæθɪtɚ/cathéter
clinically adverbecliniquement
elective adjectif/ɪˈlɛktɪv/facultatif
gestation nom/d͡ʒɛsˈteɪʃən/gestation
incision nom/ɪnˈsɪʒən/incision
inject verbe/ɪnˈd͡ʒɛkt/injecter
neurology nom/n(j)ʊ(ə)ˈɹɒləd͡ʒi/neurologie
radiosurgery nomradiochirurgie
tangle verbe/ˈtæŋ.ɡəl/emmêler, enchevêtrer
artery nom/ˈɑɹ.təɹ.i/artère

Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez

MotSens
go up verbemonter, s'élever

Prononciation à surveiller

Le locuteur utilise 4 contractions et formes réduites, comme don't, it'd, they're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.

  • Les sons « sh » et « zh »: gestation /d͡ʒɛsˈteɪʃən/, incision /ɪnˈsɪʒən/, seizure /ˈsi.ʒɚ/
  • Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: mistakable /mɪˈsteɪkəbəl/, neurology /n(j)ʊ(ə)ˈɹɒləd͡ʒi/, operative /ˈɑpəɹətɪv/

Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :

  • /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: headache /ˈhɛdeɪk/, rehab /ˈɹiːhæb/
  • /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: emergent /ɪˈmɝd͡ʒənt/, gestation /d͡ʒɛsˈteɪʃən/, inject /ɪnˈd͡ʒɛkt/, neurology /n(j)ʊ(ə)ˈɹɒləd͡ʒi/, surgical /ˈsɝd͡ʒɪkəl/
  • /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: neurology /n(j)ʊ(ə)ˈɹɒləd͡ʒi/, artery /ˈɑɹ.təɹ.i/, rehab /ˈɹiːhæb/, operative /ˈɑpəɹətɪv/, particle /ˈpɑɹtək(ə)l/

Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo

  1. Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
  2. Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
  3. Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme headache, emergent, malformation.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

Technique du shadowing : lire le guide complet étape par étape →