シャドーイング練習: Cambridge IELTS 20 PART 4 TEST 1– #listeningielts20part4 #ielts20 #voduyquynh - YouTubeで英語スピーキングを学ぶ
B2
You will hear part of a presentation by an urban planning student about the role of rivers in cities around the world.
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You will hear part of a presentation by an urban planning student about the role of rivers in cities around the world.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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It's quite hard to think of a city that doesn't have a big river running through it.
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If you think about the major cities in the world,
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Shanghai, New York, Mumbai, London,
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they're nearly all built on rivers.
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When these cities were established hundreds or even thousands of years ago,
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the rivers were a big part of people's lives.
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In 16th century London, the quickest way to get from one part of the city to another was by river.
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But people also used the river for fishing,
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as the water then was relatively clean,
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and they would also go on boat trips up and down the river just for pleasure,
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as a relaxing escape from the noise and bustle of the city streets.
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But as industries developed and populations increased, city rivers suffered.
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The rising number of people meant there was a huge increase in the amount of sewage discharged into the rivers.
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Rivers had always been used for this purpose,
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but when the number of inhabitants was so small,
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that wasn't such a problem.
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However, as cities grew to over a million inhabitants,
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the impact on the rivers became more serious.
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In addition, other types of pollution increased as factories were built beside the river and discharged their waste materials into the water.
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This got worse over time.
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As recently as 1957, scientists at London's Natural History Museum declared that the River Thames was dead in biological terms,
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as the water was too filthy to support any kind of life.
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But in recent years, as rivers lost their industrial function,
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cities have begun to recognise their true value and to take steps to clean them up.
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For example, the River Thames is now cleaner than it's been for 150 years.
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These days, you can see seals swimming in the water,
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and recently people had to try to rescue a whale,
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which had got lost and swam up the river from the sea by mistake.
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Unfortunately, they didn't succeed, but the problem was disorientation rather than the quality of the water.
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Then, all around the world,
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riverside areas are now seen as prime sites for development.
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Warehouses that were once used for storing goods are now being converted into expensive restaurants and also into apartments with river views,
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which are in great demand and sell for astronomical prices.
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In Los Angeles, on the west coast of the USA,
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an architect has plans to revitalise the banks of the river and to make a park there,
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which can provide facilities for sports as well as a natural environment for relaxing in.
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It's also hoped that the riverside can be used for other purposes.
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It's been proposed that facilities could be provided for displaying projects related to various kinds of art
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that have been produced by local people, for example.
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In the city of Paris,
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during the summer months of July and August,
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all the traffic is banned from the roads by the sides of the river,
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and the banks are transformed into beaches where people can relax in deck chairs under potted palm trees,
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sunbathe or buy a drink or a snack while enjoying the view.
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But to make the most of our rivers in our increasingly crowded cities,
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we need to allow them to regain their original purpose and be used as a means of transport,
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reclaiming our streets from cars and lorries.
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To do this, we'll have to shift more traffic back to the river,
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but this time cleanly and silently,
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making the most of modern technology.
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Already more than two billion passengers use the ferry to travel in cities around the world like Istanbul,
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San Francisco and New York,
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and these numbers are set to rise further.
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Admittedly, it's not a fast way of travelling,
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but neither is a car when it's stuck in traffic.
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Of course, passenger traffic on roads might decrease as more people start working from home,
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but another recent development, the huge rise in online shopping,
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has meant that But another form of urban traffic just keeps on growing, and that's deliveries.
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Trucks and vans in the city pollute and double park while dropping off parcels.
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Imagine using the immense capacity of shipping to take these trucks off the road.
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One freight barge can replace 44 large trucks,
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uses far less energy and causes less pollution.
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When the barge docks at the riverside,
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the parcels could be taken the last few kilometres to their final destination on cargo bikes,
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electric ones of course.
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This is already happening in the Dutch city of Amsterdam,
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and in future The final stage could even be carried out by drone,
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although at present this isn't allowed.
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Wouldn't it be great to unblock our city centres in this way?
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Looking further ahead...
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That is the end of part four.
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You now have one minute to check your answers to part four.
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Thank you.
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That is the end of the listening test.
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In the IELTS test, you would now have 10 minutes to transfer your answers to the listening answer sheet.
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コンテキストと背景
このビデオでは、都市計画の学生が世界中の都市における川の役割についてのプレゼンテーションを行っています。彼の話は、河川がどのように都市生活と関わっているのか、また近年の改善策について詳述しています。多くの大都市が川の近くに位置していることは歴史的にも見て取れ、過去と現在の川の利用法がどのように変化してきたかが焦点となっています。
日常コミュニケーションのためのトップ5フレーズ
- 「These days, you can see seals swimming in the water.」（最近では、水中でアザラシを見かけることができます。）
- 「Riverside areas are now seen as prime sites for development.」（川沿いの地域は現在、開発の重要な場所として見なされています。）
- 「Factories discharged their waste materials into the water.」（工場は廃棄物を水に放出しました。）
- 「Cities have begun to recognise their true value.」（都市は彼らの本当の価値を認識し始めました。）
- 「You can buy a drink or a snack while enjoying the view.」（景色を楽しみながら飲み物やスナックを買うことができます。）
段階的シャドーイングガイド
このビデオの内容は、視聴者にとって少し難しいかもしれません。しかし、シャドースピーチ（shadow speech）を活用することで、理解と発音のスキルを向上させることができます。以下のステップに従って練習してください：
- 聞く：最初にビデオを何も見ずに聞き、全体の内容を把握します。
- シャドーイング開始：次に、音声を流しながら、話し手の後に続いて声に出してみます。このとき、英語の発音を良くするために注意深く音を真似ます。
- フレーズごとに区切る：難しい箇所には一時停止を加え、フレーズごとに発音を練習します。特に、上記のトップフレーズを使って反復練習すると良いでしょう。
- 意味を考える：各フレーズの意味を考え、自分の言葉で説明してみます。これは記憶を助け、理解を深めるのに役立ちます。
- 再度聞く：最後に、ビデオを再生しながら、今度は自分の声と話し手の声を比較して確認します。これにより、発音やイントネーションの向上が期待できます。
このプロセスを通じて、英語のスピーキング力が向上し、IELTS スピーキング対策にも役立ちます。シャドースピーチの技術を駆使して、英語力を磨きましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。