シャドーイング練習: ENGLISH SPEECH | ANNE HATHAWAY: Paid Family Leave (English Subtitles) - YouTubeで英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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When I was a young person, I began my career as an actress.
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When I was a young person, I began my career as an actress.
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Whenever my mother wasn’t free to drive me into Manhattan for auditions, I would take the train from suburban New Jersey and meet my father — who would have left his desk at the law office where he worked — and we would meet under the Upper Platform Arrivals and Departures sign in Penn Station.
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We would then get onto the subway together and, when we surfaced, he would ask me “Which way is north?" I wasn’t very good at finding North at the beginning, but I auditioned fair amount and so my Dad kept asking “Which way is north?" Over time, I got better at finding it.
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I was struck by that memory yesterday while boarding the plane to come here.
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Not just by how far my life has come since then, but by how meaningful that seemingly small lesson has been.
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When I was still a child, my father developed my sense of direction and now, as an adult, I trust my ability to navigate space.
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My father helped give me the confidence to guide myself through the world.
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In late March, last year, 2016, I became a parent for the first time.
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I remember the indescribable—and as I understand a pretty universal — experience of holding my week-old son and feeling my priorities change on a cellular level.
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I remember I experienced a shift in consciousness that gave me the ability to maintain my love of career and cherish something else, someone else, so much, much more.
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Like so many parents, I wondered how I was going to balance my work with my new role as a parent, and in that moment, I remember that the statistic for the US’s policy on maternity leave flashed in my mind.
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American women are currently entitled to 12 weeks’ unpaid leave.
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American men are entitled to nothing.
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That information landed differently for me when, one week after my son’s birth I could barely walk.
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That information landed different when I was getting to know a human who was completely dependent on my husband and I for everything, when I was dependent on my husband for most things, when we were relearning everything we thought we knew about our family and relationship.
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It landed differently.
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Somehow, we and every American parent were expected to be “back to normal” in under three months.
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Without income.
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I remember thinking to myself, “If the practical reality of pregnancy is another mouth to feed in your home and America is a country where most people are living paycheck to paycheck, how does 12 weeks unpaid leave economically work?” The truth is, for too many people it doesn’t.
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One in four American women go back to work two weeks after giving birth because they can’t afford to take any more time off than that.
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That’s 25 per cent of American women.
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Equally disturbing, women who can afford to take the full 12 weeks often don’t because it will mean incurring a “motherhood penalty”— meaning they will be perceived as less dedicated to their job and will be passed over for promotions and other career advancement.
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In my own household, my mother had to choose between a career and raising three children - a choice that left her unpaid and underappreciated as a homemaker - because there just wasn’t support for both paths.
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The memory of being in the city with my Dad is a particularly meaningful one since he was the sole breadwinner in our house, and my brothers and my time with him was always limited by how much he had to work.
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And we were an incredibly privileged family — our hardships were the stuff of other family’s dreams.
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The deeper into the issue of paid parental leave I go, the clearer I see the connection between persisting barriers to women’s full equality and empowerment, and the need to redefine and in some cases, destigmatize men’s role as caregivers.
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In other words, in order to liberate women, we need to liberate men.
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The assumption and common practice that women and girls look after the home and the family is a stubborn and very real stereotype that not only discriminates against women, but limits men’s participation and connection within the family and society.
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These limitations have broad-ranging and significant effects, for them and for children.
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We know this.
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So why do we continue to undervalue fathers and overburden mothers?
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Paid parental leave is not about taking days off work; it is about creating freedom to define roles, to choose how to invest time, and to establish new, positive cycles of behavior.
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Companies that have offered paid parental leave for employees have reported improved employee retention, reduced absenteeism and training costs, and boosted productivity and morale.
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Far from not being able to afford to have paid parental leave, it seems we can't afford not to.
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In fact, a study in Sweden showed that every month fathers took paternity leave, the mothers’ income increased by 6.7 per cent.
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That’s 6.7 per cent more economic freedom for the whole family.
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Data from the International Men and Gender Equality Survey shows that most fathers report that they would work less if it meant that they could spend more time with their children.
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And picking up on the thread that the prime minister mentioned I'd like to ask: How many of us here today saw our Dads enough growing up?
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How many of you Dads here see your kids enough now?
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We need to help each other if we are going to grow.
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Along with UN Women, I am issuing a call to action for countries, companies and institutions globally to step-up and become champions for paid parental leave.
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In 2013, provisions for parental leave were in only 66 countries out of 190 UN member states.
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I look forward to beginning with the UN itself which has not yet achieved parity and who's paid parental leave policies are currently up for review.
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All you're going to see a lot of me.
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Let us lead by example in creating a world in which women and men are not economically punished for wanting to be parents.
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I don't mean to imply that you need to have children to care about and benefit from this issue — whether or not you have — or want kids, you will benefit by living in a more evolved world with policies not based on gender.
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We all benefit from living in a more compassionate time where our needs do not make us weak, they make us fully human.
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Maternity leave, or any workplace policy based on gender, can—at this moment in history—only ever be a gilded cage.
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Though it was created to make life easier for women, we now know it creates a perception of women as being inconvenient to the workplace.
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We now know it chains men to an emotionally limited path.
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And it cannot, by definition, serve the reality of a world in which there is more than one type of family.
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Because in the modern world, some families have two daddies.
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How exactly does maternity leave serve them?
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Today, on International Women’s Day, I would like to thank all those who went before in creating our current policies—let us honour them and build upon what they started by shifting our language - and therefore our consciousness—away from gender and towards opportunity.
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Let us honor our own parents sacrifice by creating a path for a more fair, farther the reaching truth to define all of our lives, especially the lives our children.
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Because paid parental leave does more than give more time for parents to spend with their kids.
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It changes the story of what children observe, and will from themselves imagine possible.
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I see cause for hope.
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In my own country, the United States—currently the only high-income country in the world without paid maternity let alone parental leave—great work has begun in the states of New York, California, New Jersey, Rhode Island and Washington which are currently implementing paid parental leave programs.
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First Lady Charlene McCray and Mayor Bill de Blasio have granted paid parental leave to over 20,000 government employees in NYC.
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We can do this.
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Bringing about change cannot just be the responsibility of those who need it most; we must have the support of those at the highest levels of power if we are ever to achieve parity.
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That is why it is such an honor to recognize and congratulate pioneers of paid parental leave like the global company Danone.
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Today I am proud to announce Danone Global CEO, Emmanuel Faber as our inaugural HeForShe Thematic Champion for Paid Parental Leave.
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As part of this announcement, Danone will implement a global 18 weeks gender-neutral paid parental leave policy for the company’s 100,000 employees by the year 2020.
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Monsieur Faber, when Ambassador Emma Watson delivered her now iconic HeForShe speech and stated that if we live in a world where men occupy a majority of positions of power, we need men to believe in the necessity of change, I believe she was speaking about visionaries like you.
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Merci. Imagine what the world could look like one generation from now if a policy like Danone's becomes the new standard.
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If 100,000 people become 100 million.
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A billion. More.
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Every generation must find their north.
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When women around the world demanded the right to vote, we took a fundamental step toward equality.
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North. When the same sex marriage was passed in the US, we put an end to a discriminatory law.
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North. When millions of men and boys when millions of men and boys and prime ministers and deputy directors of the UN, sorry, the president of the General Assembly.
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That's what happens when I go out of the script.
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When men like the men in this room and around the world.
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The ones we cannot see.
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The ones who support us in ways we cannot know but we feel.
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When they answered Emma Watson’s call to be HeForShe, the world grew.
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North. We must ask ourselves, how will we be more tomorrow than we are today?
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The whole world grows when people like you and me take a stand because we know that beyond the idea of how women and men are different, there is a deeper truth that love is love, and parents are parents.
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Thank you.
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この動画で話す練習をする理由
アン・ハサウェイのスピーチは、家族の休暇制度についての深い洞察を提供しています。このような実生活のトピックを通じて話す練習をすることで、あなたは自分の意見を述べるスキルや、他者との対話を円滑に進める能力を向上させることができます。特に、父親の役割や女性の平等についての議論は、重要かつ関連性の高いテーマであるため、これを語ることで、社会的な文脈での表現力も鍛えられます。YouTubeで英語学習をする際、このようなリアルなスピーチを使った「シャドースピーク」や「シャドーイング」の練習とは、言語スキルの向上に非常に有効です。
文法と表現の文脈
ハサウェイのスピーチの中で以下のような重要な文法構造や表現が使用されています：
- 過去形の使用 - 彼女の思い出や経験を語る際に、過去形が多数使われ、時系列を明確にしています。これは、話の流れをスムーズにし、聴衆に深い印象を与えます。
- 条件文 - 「If the practical reality of pregnancy is...」のような条件文は、仮定や可能性を示すのに効果的です。このような構造を使うことで、意見を述べる強さが増します。
- 強調構文 - 「It landed differently」といったフレーズは、語気を強調し、聴衆に感情的な影響を与えるために使われています。
これらの表現を学ぶことで、あなたも自分の意見を強く伝えられるようになります。IELTSスピーキング対策においても、類似の表現を用いることで高得点を狙えます。
一般的な発音の罠
この動画の中で特に注意が必要な発音には以下のポイントがあります：
- 「economic」 - 「エコノミック」の発音は、特に多くの学習者にとって難しい部分です。正しい音節に分かって練習すると良いでしょう。
- 「independence」 - これも長音の発音に注意が必要です。リズムよく発音することで、より自然に聞こえます。
- アクセントの位置 - 彼女のスピーチでは、感情を込めるためにアクセントを変える場面が多々あります。実際に聴いて、模倣することで、自然な会話ができるようになります。
発音を磨くために、ぜひこのスピーチを何度も聞き、実際に声に出して練習してみてください。シャドーイングやシャドースピーチを通して、より流暢な英語を目指しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。
ShadowingEnglishでの効果的な学習方法
- 動画を選ぶ: 自然で明瞭な英語が使われているYouTube動画を選びましょう。TED Talks、BBC News、映画のシーン、ポッドキャスト、IELTS模範解答などが最適です。URLをコピーして検索バーに貼り付けてください。短い動画（5分以内）や、自分が本当に興味を持てるテーマから始めるのがコツです。
- まず聞いて内容を理解する: 最初は1倍速でただ聞くだけにしましょう。まだ繰り返す必要はありません。文の意味を理解し、話者がどのように単語を強調し、音を繋げ、間を取っているかに注目してください。内容を把握してからシャドーイングに入ると、はるかに効果的です。
- シャドーイングモードを設定する:
- Wait Mode（待機モード）:
+3sまたは+5sを選ぶと、動画が一文を読み終えた後に自動で一時停止し、繰り返す時間が生まれます。完全に手動でコントロールしたい場合はManualを選んでNextを自分で押しましょう。 - Sub Sync（字幕同期）: YouTubeの字幕と音声がずれることがあります。
±100msで調整して、正確なタイミングで追えるようにしてください。
- Wait Mode（待機モード）:
- 声に出してシャドーイングする（最重要）: ここが練習の本質です。文が流れると同時に——または一時停止中に——はっきりと自信を持って声に出して繰り返しましょう。ただ単語を読むだけでなく、話者のリズム、強調、高低、連音をそっくりそのまま真似することが大切です。「影」のように話者に重なるのが理想。Repeat機能を使って同じ文を何度も繰り返し、自然に出てくるまで定着させましょう。
- 徐々に難易度を上げて続ける: 一つのパッセージに慣れたら、さらに挑戦してみましょう。速度を <code>1.25x</code> や <code>1.5x</code> に上げれば、高速の言語反射を鍛えられます。Wait Modeを <code>Off</code> にして連続シャドーイングするのが最も上級で効果的なモードです。毎日15〜30分継続すれば、数週間で目に見える変化を実感できます。