シャドーイング練習: Github are you joking? - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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GitHub just had its magnum opus of a bug.

Now, I've heard lore that people have dropped databases,

just some showstopper bugs, but I did not think it was possible for GitHub to cease being Git.

Now, we're gonna go through what actually happened,

but more so, I just have a lot of questions as to how this was even possible.

All right, so before we begin about GitHub ceasing to be Git,

let's first go over a bit of lore because it's important.

In 2005, the creator of Linux decided that he was going to take the Brendan Eich challenge,

which is to create a programming language in seven days,

but instead create version control in 10.

And thus, Git was born.

Upon seeing this beautiful distributed version control,

software developers did the only thing that made sense,

immediately create a single point of failure.

GitHub became so popular that other services decided to use the hub naming convention.

Of course, the most popular being Docker Hub,

where you can store all your dockers at.

Microsoft, seeing that GitHub attracted developers,

developers, developers, decided to purchase GitHub for $7.5 billion and proceeded to generationally fumble the bag.

Microsoft, you could have done like nothing.

Like if you would have just left GitHub,

it would have operated better than whatever has happened today.

But the impressive part is that Microsoft has discovered the fourth E in the triple E strategy of course,

which is embrace, extend, extinguish, and shitify.

Yesterday, we had a regression in the merge queue behavior where,

in some cases, squash or rebase commits were generated from the wrong base state,

making earlier changes appear reverted in branch history.

You had one job, just one singular job,

GitHub, which is of course to be git.

Now that's only about half the story because it really isn't kind of actually illustrating what happened.

Now, here's a better story.

On April 23rd, GitHub's merge queue started silently reverting code on customers' main branches.

Now, reverting is actually a Git operation.

It did not revert code.

That's very important to understand.

Not a handful of lines, in some cases, thousands.

Nothing looked wrong.

A PR with a plus 29 minus 34 diff got reviewed, approved, and queued.

What actually landed on main was a single commit with plus 245 minus 1137.

Thousands of lines of unrelated already shipped code were quietly removed.

Every merge that followed went in on top of that broken history.

That means that you would look at the PR.

Your PR would actually look correct.

And when you hit the merge button,

what actually went in was not what you hit merge on.

This is absolutely diabolical behavior.

I mean, to be lied to,

like the UI just telling you, nah, everything's good, man.

This is exactly what's going to happen.

And for you to have no idea is crazy.

I still have a lot of questions,

but this is roughly how it's being reported.

Now, we do not have the official GitHub kind of postmortem that explains exactly what went wrong.

This is just what is being purported by large companies.

Effectively, what happens is you have history that looks like this in Git,

and this would be your main branch.

So let's just say you have four commits on your main branch.

And for whatever reason, you branched off back here to make your new branch,

and then you've added two commits.

So the actual root cause of what would happen is that when you'd go to merge,

what would end up happening is they would run something called a merge queue,

which would take your two merges,

which if you just drew this in a straight line would be three circles,

because you'd have where you branch from and your two changes.

And it would squash these two into a singular change.

So they are just one single branch.

This is actually a whole new branch that's created internally in one of Microsoft's CI.

Let's just call this singular squashed merge A.

What should happen is that A should be merged to the tip of main.

But what actually ended up happening is

that they would take this history right here and overwrite whatever was on main with this right here.

So that means if this thing was called B,

that means what would be on main now would simply be B to A.

And that is it.

That means these three commits were just gone.

Now, this obviously caused teams to scramble all afternoon.

There are hundreds of tweets of people saying,

hey, I had to spend all afternoon

or multiple days trying to figure out how to detangle whatever has happened

and what is actually missing from all of their PRs.

GitHub, of course, has said there's only 2,804 pull requests that were messed up out of 4 million merged.

Then later on said there was only 800K PRs either way.

That's the difference between 0.07% and 0.3 plus percent.

It's a big difference.

So which one is it, GitHub?

And obviously even more confusing thing,

if you go to April 23rd, that's weird.

I don't, do you see like some major outage or a partial outage going up there?

No, they don't show anything went wrong on the 23rd.

Obviously the reason for that is that the only downtime was you

and your team trying to figure out how to undo what just happened.

But I also just have a lot of questions and maybe you guys can help me on this one.

So the first thing I have is that if this is B

and this is A and this is the temporary branch that we have created,

if history looked like this,

wouldn't pulling down cause you to have some sort of,

hey, the remote branch is like out of sync with your local branch,

meaning your two histories have diverged.

You wouldn't even be able to pull down main anymore.

100

Or the other option is that instead of just simply putting A right here,

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it actually had revert commits,

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meaning that it would have these three commits right here,

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and then it would have another commit that was like,

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hey, I'm reverting these three commits right here,

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and then you would have something like A,

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which would make this not too difficult to be able to go,

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okay, well, here's the only revert we have,

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unreverted, which is not like how anything sounds like.

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But even more importantly, Git is still Git.

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You cannot change history like this easily.

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Does that mean internally is Microsoft like pushing with force, right?

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Because the only way that you could push this right here,

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this history onto main would be that you have to force push because you're changing history.

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And if that's the case,

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if that's the case that they're force pushing,

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makes me kind of nervous.

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Like what other issues are there?

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What other things have been silently happening?

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And of course this, there's no shot it was 2,804 total.

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Please double check this stat.

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We probably had 200 plus as a single customer.

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So I'm actually just pretty curious.

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Did you lose any commits?

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Are you using the kind of the auto squash feature and thus you have things gone?

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Also, this has opened up the most legendary excuse of all time for the next year.

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When any company gets hacked and stuff gets leaked or something goes horribly wrong,

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they can go, oh yeah,

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well, actually we actually did implement perfect security.

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We actually had this exact situation already covered,

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but GitHub decided to silently drop our commit.

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Brother, it's not our fault, it's GitHub's.

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It's also funny because there's probably a bunch of vibe coders

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that they just simply just kept on going on with their day.

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Some weird thing happened and they're getting,

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they're just like, oh, fix it,

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oh, AI, just fix it.

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And then when a bug appeared,

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they're like, stupid AI, always reverting previous changes.

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Hey, fix that one now again.

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You know that happened.

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Absolutely beautiful.

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And the worst part is for once, it actually wasn't AI.

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They're just gonna be blamed for part of this for a whole group of people.

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Actually, I mean, to be fair,

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it could have been AI.

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It could, hey, it could have been.

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There's some reports going around that it was a faulty feature flag.

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Of course, Hacker News had its heyday and people were viciously discussing what happened to GitHub.

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Four people spent hours putting a repo back together at my company after this.

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GitHub has been unreliable and now they are breaking core tenant of what I expect from this service.

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Core tenant?

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You mean tenant, not tenant.

153

You must be fun at parties.

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I don't care to associate with people who are offended by being corrected.

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They can sod off and I never go to what you Americans call parties.

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Whenever you use quotes and they are directly followed by punctuation,

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you must include the punctuation within the quotes, parties, period.

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Reply, don't you love Hacker News?

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It's just such a lovely place where you see really thoughtful and amazing discussions about topics.

160

But at the end of the day,

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we still do not have the exact post-mortem,

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so we don't know the exact cause or reasoning,

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or will GitHub even provide us with the exact details?

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I don't know.

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So if anybody can answer these questions,

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does Microsoft actually use a force underneath the hood to be able to align histories?

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Were there revert commits, which I don't think there was because nobody is saying that on the internet,

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wouldn't this cause all sorts of history being absolutely destroyed?

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Wouldn't this be kind of easy to be able to kind of resolve?

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Maybe, yeah, it would take a little bit of time.

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Maybe you have to ask Claude Opus for,

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you know, mythos to be able to resolve it,

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but you should be able to get this done pretty quick.

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And really, was it only 2,800 PRs?

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Is that it?

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I mean, Mr. 200 over there doesn't seem to make that to be the case.

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The name is that I think the most impressive thing out of all of this is

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that GitHub created such a monumentously good name that even after GitHub ceased to be Git for a little bit,

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everybody's probably still going to keep on using it.

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I mean, now that, my friends,

181

is one of the most impressive products of all time.

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At this point, it seems like GitHub is more addictive than cigarettes.

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A jet.

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Hey, is that HTTP?

185

Get that out of here.

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That's not how we order coffee.

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We order coffee via sshterminal.shop.

188

Yeah, you want a real experience?

189

You want real coffee?

190

You want awesome subscriptions so you never have to remember again?

191

Oh, you want exclusive blends with exclusive coffee and exclusive content,

192

then check out Kron.

193

You don't know what SSH is?

194

Well, maybe the coffee is not for you.

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このレッスンについて

このレッスンでは、GitHubに関する出来事を通じて、英語力を向上させることを目指します。特に、技術的な内容を扱うことで、専門用語の理解やコミュニケーション能力を養うことができます。ディスカッションを通じて、問題解決や意見の交換を促進し、スピーキングの練習を行います。Gitとその関連サービスに関する背景を学ぶことで、業界用語にも慣れることができます。

キーワードとフレーズ

マージキュー - merge queue
リバート - revert
コミット - commit
コード - code
ベースステート - base state
プルリクエスト (PR) - pull request (PR)
バグ - bug
バージョン管理 - version control

練習のコツ

このビデオの内容は、時折速いスピードで話されているため、shadowingを行う際には、以下のアドバイスを参考にしてください。まず、YouTubeで英語学習をする際は、一時停止機能を活用し、特に難しい部分を繰り返し聴くことが大切です。また、shadowspeaksを取り入れ、話者のトーンやスピードに合わせて音声を真似することで、英語スピーキング練習を効果的に行えます。IELTS スピーキング対策を考えるなら、表現や発音を練習する良い機会にもなります。声に出してリピートする際は、文の区切りに注意し、文脈を理解しながら進めていきましょう。

この動画の文法

話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。

文型	動画での表現
現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している	I've heard · has happened · has discovered
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる	was born · were generated · were quietly removed
関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える	GitHub, which is · unreverted, which is · people who are

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →

シャドーイング練習: Github are you joking? - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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キーワードとフレーズ

練習のコツ

この動画の文法

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由