シャドーイング練習: IELTS Listening Strategy Breakdown: Cambridge 20 Listening Test 4 – Chembe Bird Sanctuary Research - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
レッスンを作成中...
1
Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
2
We've been looking at different types of conflicts that may arise between wildlife and humans at the boundaries of protected areas, such as national parks and animal sanctuaries.
3
I'd like to illustrate this by telling you about some research
4
that I've been involved in recently in the Central African country of Zambia in the area around the Chembe Bird Sanctuary, which contains over 300 of the listed birds of Zambia.
5
These include a number of birds of prey such as eagles, hawks and owls that live by hunting and killing other birds and animals
6
Now most of the people living in the local communities near to the bird sanctuary are small scale farmers
7
And these birds of prey provide important social and ecological benefits to them For example,
8
a lot of damage can be caused to farmers' crops by rodents such as rats
9
which would consume the crops as they grow in the fields, as well as after harvesting if they weren't hunted and killed by the birds.
10
And the predatory habits of these birds also protect farmers in other ways.
11
For example, a major danger to rural workers is snakes, whose bite may be dangerous or even fatal,
12
and birds of prey have a major role in keeping their populations under control.
13
Local people have always been aware of these benefits, and for years, even before the sanctuary was opened in 1973, played a key role in the culture of the region.
14
However, more recently, the sanctuary and its birds have also become increasingly important to the community in economic terms,
15
because at present, after a relatively slow start, tourism has become an important source of revenue for them.
16
However, although these birds of prey are protected by the government, their numbers are falling.
17
Some of these deaths are accidental.
18
Fatalities occur when birds alight on roads to catch and eat their prey and are hit by fast-moving traffic.
19
Drivers in Zambia have to take special care at night, as birds may regard the quieter roads as safe places to sleep.
20
Accidental deaths may also occur if these birds fly close to high-voltage power lines, as they may be electrocuted.
21
This is a particular danger in the heavy rain, which can occur in the region in the months from December to April.
22
And local farmers also pose a threat to these birds.
23
As well as growing crops, small-scale farmers in the area also rear chickens.
24
These provide food for the farmer's families, as well as being an important source of income.
25
But they're also an easy target for birds of prey, and so farmers may shoot these birds, which is illegal but understandable.
26
Or they may poison the birds, which again is illegal and can have negative effects on the ecosystem.
27
So, how else can farmers protect their chickens from birds of prey?
28
Some people believe that to prevent the predators from settling near the area where the chickens are kept, it's best to keep this area free from vegetation.
29
But in fact, this is counterproductive as it means the chickens have no cover to hide in
30
and they'll be easier for the birds to see.
31
Another possibility would be to prevent the chickens from going outside at all
32
and to keep them safe from predators inside a building, but this would cost far too much to be a practical solution.
33
Nearly all the farmers reported that they spent a lot of time
34
and effort trying to frighten off the birds of prey without actually harming them.
35
Most of the farmers had at least one dog and said this was a big help at scaring away the predators.
36
Some of the farmers also reported that during the breeding season, when the chickens were particularly vulnerable, they encouraged their children to watch over the chickens
37
and to hit pans with a metal spoon so
38
that the resulting noise would succeed in driving away birds that were trying to seize the young chicks.
39
None of these methods was 100% effective, so as a result the village people told us that rather than just using one method,
40
they were forced to use a combination for them to have any effect.
41
And even so, these birds of prey remain a major threat to the chickens' survival and cause considerable economic loss to farmers.
42
So we looked at the possibility of a longer-term solution to...
43
That is the end of part four.
44
You now have one minute to check your answers to part four.
45
Between wildlife and humans at the boundaries of protected areas such as national parks and animal sanctuaries.
46
I'd like to illustrate this by telling you about some research
47
that I've been involved in recently in the Central African country of Zambia in the area around the Chempe Bird Sanctuary, which contains over 300 of the listed birds of Zambia.
48
These include a number of birds of prey such as eagles, hawks and owls that live by hunting and killing other birds and animals.
49
Now, most of the people living in the local communities near to the bird sanctuary are small-scale farmers,
50
and these birds of prey provide important social and ecological benefits to them.
51
For example, a lot of damage can be caused to farmers' crops by rodents, such as rats, which would consume the crops as they grow in the fields,
52
as well as after harvesting if they weren't hunted and killed by the birds.
53
And the predatory habits of these birds also protect farmers in other ways.
54
For example, a major danger to rural workers is snakes, whose bite may be dangerous or even fatal,
55
and birds of prey have a major role in keeping their populations under control.
56
Local people have always been aware of these benefits and for years, even before the sanctuary was opened in 1973, the birds played a key role in the culture of the region.
57
However, more recently, the sanctuary and its birds have also become increasingly important to the community in economic terms because at present,
58
after a relatively slow start, tourism has become an important source of revenue for them.
59
However, although these birds of prey are protected by the government, their numbers are falling.
60
Some of these deaths are accidental.
61
Fatalities occur when birds are light on roads to catch and eat their prey and are hit by fast-moving traffic.
62
Drivers in Zambia have to take special care at night, as birds may regard the quieter roads as safe places to sleep.
63
Accidental deaths may also occur if these birds fly close to high-voltage power lines as they may be electrocuted.
64
This is a particular danger in the heavy rain, which can occur in the region in the months from December to April.
65
And local farmers also pose a threat to these birds.
66
As well as growing crops, small-scale farmers in the area also rear chickens.
67
These provide food for the farmers' families, as well as being an important source of income.
68
But they're also an easy target for birds of prey.
69
And so farmers may shoot these birds, which is illegal but understandable.
70
Or they may poison the birds, which again is illegal and can have negative effects on the ecosystem.
71
So how else can farmers protect their chickens from birds of prey?
72
Some people believe that to prevent the predators from settling near the area where the chickens are kept, it's best to keep this area free from vegetation.
73
But in fact, this is counterproductive, as it means the chickens have no cover to hide in and they'll be easier for the birds to see.
74
Another possibility would be to prevent the chickens from going outside at all
75
and to keep them safe from predators inside a building.
76
But this would cost far too much to be a practical solution.
77
Nearly all the farmers reported that they spent a lot of time
78
and effort trying to frighten off the birds of prey without actually harming them.
79
Most of the farmers had at least one dog and said this was a big help at scaring away the predators
80
Some of the farmers also reported that during the breeding season
81
when the chickens were particularly vulnerable they encouraged their children to watch over the chickens
82
and to hit pans with a metal spoon so
83
that the resulting noise would succeed in driving away birds
84
that were trying to seize the young chicks None of these methods was 100% effective
85
so as a result the village people told us
86
that rather than just using one method they were forced to use a combination for them to have any effect
87
and even so these birds of prey remain a major threat to the chickens survival
88
and cause considerable economic loss to farmers
89
so we looked at the possibility of a longer term solution between wildlife
90
and humans at the boundaries of protected areas such as national parks and animal sanctuaries
91
I'd like to illustrate this by telling you about some research
92
that I've been involved in recently in the Central African country of Zambia in the area around the Chembe Bird Sanctuary, which contains over 300 of the listed birds of Zambia.
93
These include a number of birds of prey such as eagles, hawks and owls that live by hunting and killing other birds and animals.
94
Now most of the people living in the local communities near to the bird sanctuary are small-scale farmers,
95
and these birds of prey provide important social and ecological benefits to them.
96
For example, a lot of damage can be caused to farmers' crops by rodents, such as rats, which would consume the crops as they grow in the fields,
97
as well as after harvesting if they weren't hunted and killed by the birds.
98
And the predatory habits of these birds also protect farmers in other ways.
99
For example, a major danger to rural workers is snakes, whose bite may be dangerous or even fatal,
100
and birds of prey have a major role in keeping their populations under control.
101
Local people have always been aware of these benefits and for years, even before the sanctuary was opened in 1973,
102
the birds played a key role in the culture of the region.
103
However, more recently, the sanctuary
104
and its birds have also become increasingly important to the community in economic terms
105
because at present after a relatively slow start tourism has become
106
an important source of revenue for them however although these birds
107
of prey are protected by the government their numbers are falling some of these deaths are accidental fatalities occur
108
when birds are light on roads to catch and eat their prey
109
and are hit by fast moving traffic drivers in zambia have
110
to take special care at night as birds may regard the quieter roads as safe places to sleep.
111
Accidental deaths may also occur if these birds fly close to high voltage power lines as they may be electrocuted.
112
This is a particular danger in the heavy rain which can occur in the region in the months from December to April.
113
And local farmers also pose a threat to these birds.
114
As well as growing crops, small scale farmers in the area also rear chickens.
115
These provide food for the farmers' families as well as being an important source of income.
116
But they're also an easy target for birds of prey, and so farmers may shoot these birds, which is illegal but understandable, or they may poison the birds,
117
which again is illegal and can have negative effects on the ecosystem.
118
So how else can farmers protect their chickens from birds of prey?
119
Some people believe that to prevent the predators from settling near the area where the chickens are kept, it's best to keep this area free from vegetation.
120
But in fact, this is counterproductive as it means the chickens have no cover to hide in
121
and they'll be easier for the birds to see.
122
Another possibility would be to prevent the chickens from going outside at all
123
and to keep them safe from predators inside a building.
124
But this would cost far too much to be a practical solution.
125
Nearly all the farmers reported that they spent a lot of time
126
and effort trying to frighten off the birds of prey without actually harming them.
127
Most of the farmers had at least one dog and said this was a big help at scaring away the predators.
128
Some of the farmers also reported that during the breeding season, when the chickens were particularly vulnerable, they encouraged their children to watch over the chickens
129
and to hit pans with a metal spoon so
130
that the resulting noise would succeed in driving away birds that were trying to seize the young chicks.
131
None of these methods was 100% effective, so as a result the village people told us
132
that rather than just using one method they were forced to use a combination for them to have any effect
133
and even so these birds of prey remain a major threat to the chickens survival
134
and cause considerable economic loss to farmers so we looked at the possibility of a longer term solution
文脈と背景
この動画は、中央アフリカのザンビアにあるチェンベバードサンクチュアリ周辺の野生生物と人間の衝突に関する研究について説明しています。話者は、保護地域の境界に住む人々がどのように野生動物と共存しているか、またその中での経済的な側面や生態系の重要性について詳しく述べています。特に、地元の小規模農家が猛禽類から得る社会的および生態的利益に重点が置かれています。
日常コミュニケーションのための重要なフレーズ ５選
- 「小規模農家の人々」 - 地元のコミュニティがどのように構成されているかを示します。
- 「生態的な利益」 - 環境保護における経済的な利点を強調します。
- 「猛禽類の役割」 - 生態系の中での具体的な役割についての認識を高めます。
- 「違法な行為」 - 法律と倫理について考える機会を提供します。
- 「長期的な解決策」 - 持続可能な方法を模索する重要性を示します。
ステップバイステップ シャドウイングガイド
この動画はIELTSのリスニングセクションの一部であり、特に発音やフレーズの理解を向上させるのに役立ちます。以下の手順を参考にして、効果的に学習しましょう。
- 初めて視聴する際は、まず全体を聞き取る。内容を理解することが最初のステップです。
- 次に、重要なフレーズやキーワードをメモする。これにより、発音の際に特に注意が必要な部分が見えてきます。
- フレーズを繰り返し聞き、声に出して練習する。自分の発音がネイティブに近づくように心がけましょう。これが「英語の発音を良くする」ための実践的な方法です。
- 時折、スローモーションで再生して確認する。これにより、発音の細かいニュアンスを理解しやすくなります。
- 最後に、そのフレーズを使った簡単な会話を作る。これにより、実際のコミュニケーションで使えるようになります。
これらの手法を用いることで、shadowing siteやshadowspeakの練習がより効果的になります。また、IELTS スピーキング対策や英語スピーキング練習に必要なスキルを向上させましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。