シャドーイング練習: Intro to Scrum in Under 10 Minutes - YouTubeで英語スピーキングを学ぶ
C1
Hi, this is me.
122 文
文が短すぎたり長すぎる場合は、Editをタップして調整してください。
1
Hi, this is me.
2
My name is Hamid Chodjai
3
and I've been involved with a number of software development projects over the years at a number of different companies
4
and I've come to recognize Scrum as one of the best agile development practices in use today.
5
In this fast-paced video, I want to show you why Scrum is
6
so great and how you can get started with Scrum in under 10 minutes.
7
I'll cover all the core Scrum concepts like product backlogs, team roles, sprints, turn-down charts, and more.
8
So get ready to be bombarded with information.
9
Let's say this is the product we want to build.
10
For this product, we get all kinds of feature requests from customers, executives, or even other team members.
11
In Scrum, features are written from the perspective of the end-user.
12
Therefore, features are known as user stories.
13
The collection of all these user stories is called the product backlog.
14
Another way to think of the product backlog is to think
15
of it as a wish list of all the things that would make this product great.
16
Once we have our wish list or the product backlog, we need to start planning which specific user stories we're going to be putting into a particular release of our product.
17
But we're getting ahead of ourselves.
18
Let's back up a bit.
19
To build this product, we need to have one
20
or more people in our team who are going to play a variety of roles.
21
First, we need her.
22
She plays the role of product owner and helps make sure the right features make it into the product backlog, representing the users and customers of the product.
23
She helps set the direction of the product.
24
Then we need this guy.
25
He's the scrum master and his job is to make sure the project is progressing smoothly
26
and that every member of the team has the tools they need to get their job done.
27
He sets up meetings, monitors the work being done and facilitates release planning.
28
He's a lot like a project manager but that's such a boring title
29
so we'll call him a scrum master to imply he knows some jujitsu.
30
And the rest of the team has similar roles to other development processes.
31
These guys build the product while these guys test it to make sure to make sure it works right.
32
These guys use it and hopefully pay for it.
33
And these guys, they generally get in the way, but it turns out you can't build many products without them.
34
But let's get back to this, release planning.
35
To plan a release, the team starts with this, the product backlog, and they identify the user stories they want to put into this release.
36
These user stories then become part of the release backlog.
37
The team then prioritizes the user stories and estimates the amount of work involved for each item.
38
Sometimes larger user stories are broken down into smaller, more manageable chunks.
39
The collection of all the estimates provides a rough idea of the total amount of work involved to complete the entire release.
40
A quick side note about estimates.
41
There are a lot of techniques for creating good estimates.
42
Some prefer estimating in story points, where estimates are made relative to building a small component with a known level of difficulty.
43
Unfortunately, story points don't answer the question of, when will my project ship?
44
I've found that the best technique is to estimate work in hours, but to use some standards in how estimates are done.
45
For example, things that take less than a day to complete will be estimated as 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, or 8 hours.
46
Every item will fall into one of those buckets.
47
There will be no 3-hour estimates, for example.
48
A 3-hour item would fall into the 4-hour bucket.
49
Larger items will be estimated as 2 days, 3 days, 5 days, or 10 days.
50
Again, all estimates in between will fall into the next larger bucket.
51
Extremely large items are similarly estimated in months.
52
1, 2, 3, or 6 months.
53
But the reality is that such items will need to be broken down substantially before work actually begins.
54
We'll come back to these estimates in just a minute.
55
But for now, let's get back to this, the release backlog.
56
With a prioritized set of user stories and the estimated amount of work at hand, we're now ready to plan out several sprints to get the work done.
57
Sprints are short duration milestones that allow teams to tackle a manageable chunk of the project
58
and get it to a ship ready state.
59
Sprints generally range from a couple of days to as much as 30 days in length, depending on the product's release cycles.
60
The shorter the release cycles, the shorter each sprint should be.
61
And you'll want to have at least two to as many as a dozen sprints in a given release.
62
So at this point, we can take our release backlog and split it up into several of these, sprint backlogs.
63
One of the most important things to remember about sprints is
64
that the goal of each sprint is to get a subset of the release backlog to a ship-ready state.
65
So at the end of each sprint, you should have a fully tested product with all the features of the sprint 100% complete.
66
Since sprints are a very short but a realistic representation of part of the product, a late finish of the sprint is a great indicator
67
that the project is not on schedule and something needs to be done.
68
Therefore, it's extremely important to monitor the progress of each sprint with this, a burndown chart.
69
The burndown chart is the number one reason for scrum's popularity
70
and one of the best project visibility tools to ensure a project is progressing smoothly.
71
The burndown chart provides a day-by-day measure of the amount of work that remains in a given sprint or release.
72
In this graph, you can see that the amount of work remaining bounces up and down from day to day, but is generally trending towards zero.
73
Because historical information is provided in the burndown chart, it's easy to see if the team is on the right track.
74
Using the burndown chart, the team can quickly calculate this, the slope of the graph, which is also called the burndown velocity.
75
This is the average rate of productivity for each day.
76
For example, a team's rate of productivity might be that on a typical day they finish approximately 50 hours of work.
77
Knowing that, it's possible to calculate an estimated completion date for the sprint, or even for the entire release based on the amount of work remaining.
78
What's great about the burndown chart is that we can compare our actual velocity
79
and projected completion date to what the team needs to do in order to finish on time.
80
This is perhaps the most useful piece of knowledge that any team member, product owner, or product executive can have about the project.
81
Because knowing whether
82
or not the project is on track early in the schedule
83
can help teams make the proper adjustments necessary to get the project on track.
84
The burndown chart provides empirical proof that the project is on track or if it's going to be late.
85
So let's talk a little about where the data for this incredibly useful burndown chart comes from.
86
As you recall, part of the release planning process was to create an estimate for each user story in the release backlog.
87
The collection of these estimates for a given sprint represents the total amount of work
88
that must be done to complete that sprint.
89
As each team member goes through and makes progress on one or more of the user stories, they simply update the amount of time remaining for each of their own items.
90
So the total amount of time remaining on the group of user stories
91
that make up a sprint changes on a day-by-day basis, hopefully going downward until it hits zero when the sprint is complete.
92
The burndown chart aggregates the remaining work data and shows it visually.
93
It's brilliant because it communicates a massive amount of information in just a few seconds.
94
And that brings us to this, the daily scrum.
95
The daily scrum is an essential tool to having communication flow freely between team members.
96
The idea is to have fast-paced, stand-up meetings where team members quickly list the work they have completed since the last meeting and any obstacles in their way.
97
By meeting daily, it ensures the team is always in sync
98
and any major issues are dealt with as soon as they are known.
99
Finally, as each sprint comes to a finish, it's important to have a sprint retrospective meeting where the team can reflect on what went right and areas of improvement.
100
After all, Scrum is a flexible, agile development method that needs constant improving and tweaking for every team.
101
So there you have it, Scrum in under 10 minutes.
102
You now know all the essential concepts to start implementing Scrum inside of your organization.
103
But wait a second, what about tools to help you implement Scrum?
104
Well, it just so happens that I've spent the last 10 years building such a tool, with a lot of help from these guys, a group of genius coders and design ninjas.
105
The tool is called OnTime, and it helps you manage your products, your backlogs, your team, releases and your sprints.
106
It gives you project visibility with burndown charts and always answers the question of who is working on what.
107
You can get started with it for free at Axiosoft.com.
108
Of course, you could use a giant whiteboard, some note cards, and a bunch of different spreadsheets to track everything.
109
You could also use an abacus instead of a calculator to do math, but we're getting a little off topic.
110
So let's quickly review everything.
111
In Scrum, you work with this, a product backlog, which is nothing more than a list of features that we call user stories.
112
You then break down the product backlog into one or more release backlogs.
113
And for a given release, you further break up the release backlog into a number of sprint backlogs, which are essentially short duration milestones throughout your project.
114
You then monitor the progress of each sprint using these, burndown charts, and have daily scrum meetings to ensure everything is on track.
115
After each sprint, you have a retrospective meeting to fine-tune everything.
116
And if you want a tool to implement scrum, you can use OnTime.
117
It'll help you ship software OnTime.
118
That's all there is to it.
119
Oh, and one last thing.
120
Whether you loved or hated this video, I'd love to hear from you.
121
You can reach me on Twitter or via email if you have any feedback.
122
Now get going, create a great team, collaborate, and ship software on time.
アプリをダウンロード
Everything you need to speak fluently
AI PronunciationScore every sentence
IPA PracticeMaster every sound
VocabularyBuild your word bank
Vocab GameLearn while playing
このビデオで話す練習をする理由は？
このビデオは、Scrumというアジャイル開発フレームワークについて短時間で学ぶために非常に効果的です。スクラムのプロセスを理解することは、英語のスピーキング練習に役立つだけでなく、職場でのコミュニケーションスキル向上にも寄与します。英語スピーキング練習においては、情報を伝える能力や意見を述べる技術が向上し、特に技術的な内容を扱う際にはクリアな表現力が求められます。短い時間で大量の情報を吸収し、自分の言葉で解説することで、shadow speakや実際の場面での会話力の向上が期待できます。
文法 & 表現の文脈
このビデオでは、以下のような重要な表現や文法構造が使われています。
- ユーザーストーリー: "features are known as user stories"という表現は、プロジェクトでの要件定義についての具体的な視点を示します。このフレーズを使って、相手に分かりやすく説明するトレーニングができます。
- 役割分担: "we need her"や"then we need this guy"のように、役割を示す表現はチームワークを理解する上で重要です。チームメンバーそれぞれの役割を英語で説明する練習を通じて、IELTS スピーキング対策にも役立ちます。
- リリース計画: "the team identifies the user stories"という構造は、計画を立てる際の流れを理解するのに役立ちます。この表現を使って、自分の考えを整理しつつ説明する能力を高めることができます。
一般的な発音の罠
このビデオには、発音において注意すべき難しい単語やフレーズがあります。特に以下の点に留意しましょう。
- Scrum Master: この言葉は発音が難しいため、しっかりと練習する必要があります。正しいイントネーションは、ビジネスシーンでの信頼性を高めます。
- Backlog: "product backlog"などの用語も発音が難しいため、繰り返し練習することで発音が改善され、ビデオの内容をスムーズに理解できるようになります。
- Estimate: "estimate"という単語も音の強弱がはっきりしていないと、聞き手に誤解を与える可能性があります。しっかりとした発音を心掛けましょう。
これらを意識して練習することで、英語スピーキングが一段と向上します。YouTubeで英語学習を通じて、常に自分のスキルを磨き続けましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。