シャドーイング練習: Learn English Practice Reading Listening English Level 3 “The History of Trial By July” - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

レッスンを作成中...
1
article number 14 the history of trial by July
2
in most English-speaking countries a person who is accused of a crime has the right to a trial by jury.
3
In a trial by jury, the guilt or innocence of the accused person is decided by a group of 12 people,
4
called jurors, who must listen to the evidence about the case.
5
The idea of trial by jury is over 800 years old, but there was a time when criminal cases were decided in other ways.
6
Today, many of these methods seem ridiculous and cruel.
7
Many accused people were forced to undergo a trial by ordeal.
8
There were several different kinds of this trial.
9
For example, in the ordeal by fire, an accused man was forced to carry a red-hot piece of iron in his hand.
10
People believed that if the man were innocent then the gods would protect him, and his hand would not be burned or blistered by the iron.
11
Another form of the trial by ordeal was the ordeal by combat.
12
If one person accused another of a crime, they would be forced to fight each other with some weapon.
13
People believed that the gods would help the man who was right and allow him to win the fight.
14
Yet another kind of ordeal was the ordeal by water.
15
If a woman was accused of a crime, such as witchcraft, she might be thrown into a river with rocks attached to her.
16
People believed that the gods would help an innocent woman and allow her to float on the water.
17
Gradually, people realized that the trial by ordeal was a completely worthless way to judge a person's innocence or guilt.
18
They wanted a less barbaric way to decide criminal cases.
19
During the 12th century, a new method was introduced by one of the kings of England, Henry II.
20
Henry said that criminal cases should be decided by the opinions of 12 honest men who knew about the crime,
21
the victim, and the accused person.
22
This was the beginning of trial by jury in English-speaking countries, and the methods soon became very popular.
23
People trusted this new method much more than they trusted the old methods.
24
Later, the system of trial by jury changed somewhat.
25
Instead of having a jury of 12 men and women who knew about the crime, juries were chosen so that the 12 people did not know anything about the crime.
26
This change ensures that the jurors do not have any bias or prejudice about the case.
27
When jurors do not know any of the people involved in the case,
28
their decisions are more likely to be fair and accurate.
29
Today, citizens in many countries are called occasionally for jury duty.
30
This can be inconvenient for people who are busy with their work and family life.
31
However, many men and women are willing to serve on juries because of a feeling of responsibility to society.
32
The use of juries in criminal cases helps to ensure that justice is done.
33
you

文脈と背景

このビデオでは、「Trial By Jury(陪審による裁判)」の歴史が紹介されています。英語を話す国々では、犯罪で起訴された人には陪審による裁判を受ける権利があります。このプロセスの背景を理解することで、英語のリスニングスキルや読解力を高めるだけでなく、英語圏の文化や法制度についても学ぶことができます。特に、陪審制度の進化は、正義を確立するための重要な要素であり、英語学習者にとって興味深いテーマです。

日常コミュニケーションのためのトップ5フレーズ

  • "Your guilt or innocence is decided by a jury."(あなたの有罪または無罪は陪審によって決まります。)
  • "Trial by ordeal was a brutal method."(試練による裁判は残酷な方法でした。)
  • "People believed the gods would protect the innocent."(人々は神々が無実の人を守ると信じていました。)
  • "Juries are chosen to ensure fairness."(陪審は公平性を確保するために選ばれます。)
  • "Serving on a jury is a civic responsibility."(陪審に参加することは市民の責任です。)

段階的シャドウイングガイド

YouTubeで英語学習をするためには、シャドウイングが非常に効果的です。特にこのビデオのような内容を使う際は、以下の手順に従ってみてください。

  1. 初めにビデオを通して視聴する:全体の流れをつかみましょう。
  2. セクションごとに一時停止してみる:短いフレーズを一つずつ聞き、その後に続けて声に出しながら言ってみてください。
  3. わからない単語やフレーズをリストアップする:これはIELTSスピーキング対策にも役立ちます。
  4. 同じフレーズを繰り返す:発音やイントネーションを意識しながら、何度も繰り返すことで自然な話し方を身につけましょう。
  5. ビデオを再再生し、最初から最後まで声に出す:自分の声を録音してみて、発音や流暢さを確認してみると効果的です。

こうしたシャドウスピーキングの練習を継続することで、よりスムーズなコミュニケーション能力を養うことができます。語彙力やリスニング力を高めながら、英語を話す自信を持てるようになるでしょう。

シャドーイングとは?英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング(Shadowing)は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的:ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影(shadow)」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。