シャドーイング練習: The art and science of failing well - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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Whenever somebody turns a failure into success, something really interesting has happened, and we should be asking ourselves how and why.
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We find it really hard to separate the idea that, “yeah, I made a mistake, I failed, I did something wrong”, with the idea that, “I am a failure”.
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There's no way that people can learn without failing.
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Think of some of the heroes of our day, they've made enormous number of mistakes.
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It's through failure, that we can enjoy deep learning, become more resilient and stronger.
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And if you look at the life of any successful person, they've always had major, as well as minor failures.
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I don't like failure. I think it sucks.
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It's a terrible thing. I wish it wasn't necessary, but I can't figure out any other way for people to learn how to do most things, but to sort of screw up enough until the point where they get better at it.
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When I think about failure, there's three general sorts of responses that emerge from both the management, literature in practice.
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The first one is what I call “the forgive and forget” approach.
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And the problem with “forgive and forget” is there's like no accountability and there's no learning.
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The second approach is what I call the “Silicon Valley standard”.
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This is remember, blame, stigmatize, ostracize and humiliate.
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And the problem with that is that when you sort of humiliate people or put them down when they fail, then they're afraid to admit mistakes, and the whole world turns into a cover your ass sort of game, so no learning occurs.
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And the way that the most effective organizations, and in fact, if you look at research on hospitals that learn from medical mistakes, this is sort of the mantra they sometimes use.
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It's to “forgive and remember”.
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So you forgive to have some psychological safety.
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And you remember so that you can learn from your own mistakes and other people's mistakes.
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Anyone has the right to fail.
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I experience my downs.
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I experience hardships and difficulties just like anyone else does.
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And what positive psychology does, is give one tools to overcome this.
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Positive psychology essentially focuses on what works.
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When we focus on people’s strengths, when we cultivate their happiness, we're actually indirectly also helping them deal with hardships and difficulties.
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The first thing that an organization needs to do is to give space for people to fail.
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It needs to identify the areas where failure is not traumatic or terrible.
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To also consider giving people recovery space.
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And this is necessary. That's part of creativity.
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It’s no coincidence that the word “creation” and “recreation” are etymologically linked.
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Because we need to recreate if we want to create.
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These recovery periods in the long term actually contribute to creativity, productivity, as well as happiness.
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All of us are at risk of cognitive dissonance in a small way whenever we make a mistake.
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Particularly a mistake on something that's important to us.
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When we've invested our reputation, when we put money into it, when we put time into it, that is when we are most at risk because our self-image is under threat.
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We find it really hard to separate the idea that, “yeah, I made a mistake, I failed, I did something wrong”, with the idea that, “I am a failure”.
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“I am the kind of person who makes mistakes, who gets things wrong”.
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The first step in responding in a constructive way when you've made a mistake is to separate yourself from the mistake.
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To understand, you can be a person who made a mistake.
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That does not make you a person who will always make mistakes.
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Then you'll be able to admit you got something wrong and start to, in a mature and forward thinking way, think about how to fix it.
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Since failure is around every corner, we're always making mistakes, if we try to do something interesting, we're going to be making mistakes.
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So whenever you're trying a new experiment, whether it's a new job, a new product, a new hobby, a new boyfriend or girlfriend, whatever it is, you need to give some thought to what you're going to do if it doesn't work out, and how to minimize the downside, as well as taking advantage of the upside.
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The next thing is to have some sort of feedback mechanism that tells you whether things are going well, or not going well.
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Tells you whether you're succeeding or failing.
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Often it's simply a case of asking yourself what the markers for success might be.
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Or even simpler than that, just asking someone you can trust, to give you a straight opinion.
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It can be remarkably hard to get people to give you an honest and constructive opinion, but that's absolutely essential.
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You may not always get responses, but that's the kind of feedback that you need if you're going to fix your own mistakes.
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Thomas Edison has patented 1,093 inventions, more than any other scientist inventor in history.
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He's also the scientist as far as we know, who has failed the most times.
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When Edison was working on the battery, an interviewer came over and said to him, “Edison, you have failed a thousand times. Give it up.” To which Edison responded, “I haven't failed a thousand times.
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I've succeeded a thousand times.
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I've succeeded in showing what doesn't work.” Edison also famously said, “I failed my way to success.” One of the mantras that I repeat over and over again to myself, to my students is, “learn to fail or fail to learn.” I tell them that I wish them that they fail more.
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And I truly, sincerely mean it.

コンテキストと背景

この動画では、失敗の重要性と、それをどのように活かして成功に繋げるかについて語られています。失敗が学びの一部であり、どんな成功者も数多くの失敗を経験しているという点が強調されています。特に、失敗をどのように受け入れ、次に生かすかが鍵となります。この内容は、英語学習やスピーキング練習においても重要で、学びを深めるために不可欠な要素です。

日常会話で使えるトップ5フレーズ

  • 「失敗から学ぶことは重要です。」 - Failures are important lessons.
  • 「失敗は誰にでも起こり得ます。」 - Everyone can experience failure.
  • 「成功には多くの失敗が伴います。」 - Success is often accompanied by many failures.
  • 「自分自身を切り離すことが必要です。」 - It's necessary to separate yourself from the mistake.
  • 「フィードバックを求めることが大切です。」 - It's important to seek feedback.

ステップバイステップ シャドウイングガイド

このビデオの内容を元に英語スピーキング練習を行う際には、以下のステップで取り組むことをお勧めします。

  1. リスニング: まず、ビデオの音声を聴き、全体の流れを把握しましょう。特に、失敗に関する重要なポイントを意識してください。
  2. シャドウスピーキング: 音声を再生しながら、話者の後ろで同じように声に出してみましょう。この時、英語の発音を良くするために、イントネーションやリズムにも注意を払います。
  3. フレーズを練習する: 上記のトップ5フレーズを繰り返し練習しましょう。発音が難しい部分は何度も声に出して練習し、リズムを身につけてください。
  4. 反省とフィードバック: 自分の声を録音して、再度聴いてみることで、どこが改善できるかを確認します。信頼できる友人に意見を求めるのも良い方法です。
  5. 実践の場を作る: 新しい表現を使って、実生活の中で英語を使う機会を増やします。例えば、英語を話す友人との会話の中で、学んだフレーズを使ってみましょう。

この方法を通じて、シャドウスピーキングスキルを向上させ、言語を使う自信をつけていきましょう。失敗を恐れず、学びの一環として受け入れることが大切です。

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。