Shadowing Practice: 43 Essential English Prepositions for Daily Conversation | Speak Naturally - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Hey English learners, welcome back to Easy English Talks.
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I'm David.
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And I'm Alice.
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It's so good to be here again.
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Alice, how are you today?
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I'm doing well, David.
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Honestly, I'm a little excited today.
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Oh?
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Why?
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Because today's topic is one of those small words you use every single day without thinking about it.
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The little words that glue English sentences together?
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Exactly.
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Prepositions.
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Today, we're teaching 43 English prepositions you must know for daily life.
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43 small words, and by the end of this episode, you'll know exactly which one to pick and why.
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I love a topic with a clear promise.
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But before we jump in, if this podcast helps your English, please tap like, hit subscribe,
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share with one friend, and turn on notifications so you never miss us.
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We come back every single week.
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Every week.
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Thank you.
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Okay, let's get into it.
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So, Alice, where are you sitting right now?
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I'm sitting in my chair, at my desk, beside the window.
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Three prepositions in one breath.
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In, at, beside.
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You didn't even think about them.
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I really didn't.
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Prepositions are like little bridges between nouns and the rest of the sentence.
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Today, we go through all 43 in four groups.
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Place, time, movement, relationship.
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Each group has a clear feeling.
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By the end, you'll feel each one in your head, not just in your notebook.
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Group 1.
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Place.
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13 prepositions.
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Where something is.
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Let's start with the famous three.
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In, on, at.
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What's the clean rule?
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In is for inside something.
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In a room, in a city, in a country, in a box, in a car.
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On is for a surface, on the table, on the wall, on the floor, on the page.
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At is for a specific point, at the door, at the bus stop, at school, at the airport.
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So we say in a city, on a street, at a number.
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Exactly.
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Mountain, river, ocean also take in.
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I'm in the mountains, I'm in the ocean.
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And the cloud, in the sky.
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Absolutely.
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The bird is in the tree.
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Now four more.
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Under, above, below.
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Under is lower than something.
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The cat is under the bed.
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The shoes are under the chair.
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His notebook is under the textbook.
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Above is higher than something.
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The picture is above the sofa.
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The light is above the table.
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The moon is above the clouds tonight. And below.
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Below is more about level, like on a scale or a number line.
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The temperature is below zero today.
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The score is below 50%.
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His income is below average.
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So under is physical.
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Below is more like a measurement.
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Yes.
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Very subtle.
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Very useful.
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Now side by side.
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Beside, next to, between.
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Beside and next to are almost the same.
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She sat beside me.
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He stood next to the door.
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The coffee is beside the sugar.
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Both mean very close, very near, on one side.
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Between is in the middle of two things.
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The bank is between the pharmacy and the restaurant.
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The secret is between you and me, like a sandwich filling between two slices of bread.
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The sandwich visual is forever.
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Now front and back.
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In front of, behind.
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In front of means at the front.
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There's a big tree in front of my apartment.
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The teacher stands in front of the class.
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Behind means at the back.
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The garden is behind the house.
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He is hiding behind the door.
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And close, near, and finally opposite.
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Near means close to.
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The school is near the park.
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The bus stop is near my house.
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Opposite means directly facing.
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The hotel is opposite the museum.
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I sat opposite her at dinner.
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Quick check.
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Use three of them in one sentence.
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I live in an apartment near the city center, opposite a big mall.
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Three prepositions in one breath.
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Perfect sentence.
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Group two, time.
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Ten unique words here.
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Thirteen total time prepositions because at, on, and in already appeared in place.
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Right.
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Ten unique ones.
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Let's meet them.
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The famous three first.
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At for specific times.
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At 3 p.m. At midnight. At lunchtime. At sunrise.
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At the same moment.
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On for days and dates. On Monday.
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On my birthday.
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On the first of May.
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On Christmas Day.
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On the weekend.
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In for longer periods. In January. In 2024.
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In the summer.
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In the morning.
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In the past.
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Short way to remember.
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At equals clock.
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On equals day.
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In equals month or year.
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Beautifully clean.
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Once you feel that, you'll never mix them up again.
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Before means earlier than something.
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I always drink coffee before breakfast.
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I stretch before I run.
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Please call me before you leave.
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After means later than something.
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Let's talk after the meeting.
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Dinner is after sunset.
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I'll see you after lunch.
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During means within a period of time.
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I fell asleep during the movie.
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He checked his phone during the lecture.
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She smiled during the photo.
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Speaking of during, once during a long work meeting, I closed my eyes for one second.
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My colleague nudged me.
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I woke up and said, yes, I totally agree, without knowing the topic at all.
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Without knowing.
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Classic.
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A real during story.
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That is the safe kind of honesty English lets you have about sleepiness.
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Two words that confuse learners.
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Until, by.
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Until means up to a certain point.
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I'll stay until 5 p.m.
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I waited until midnight for the news.
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We played until the sun went down.
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By means no later than.
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Please send the report by Friday.
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Reply by tomorrow.
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the homework by Monday morning.
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So, until is a continuous wait.
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By is a deadline.
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Right.
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Two more. Since, for.
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Both talk about duration.
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Since tells you when something started.
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I've lived here since 2019.
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I've known her since childhood.
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I've worked here since January.
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For tells you how long.
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I've lived here for five years.
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I waited for two hours.
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She studied for the test all night.
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The image.
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Since is a starting point on a timeline.
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For is the distance you have traveled along that timeline.
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I love that timeline image.
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It makes the difference feel obvious.
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Quick check.
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Make a sentence using since and for.
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I have studied English since 2020.
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I have studied English for six years.
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Both correct.
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Both natural.
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One sentence.
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Two small prepositions.
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Now, group three.
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Prepositions of movement.
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Twelve prepositions.
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These are the action ones, the visual ones.
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I'll give you a picture.
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A cat on the kitchen floor.
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Five movements.
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Let's see them.
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The cat jumps onto the table.
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Onto.
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Moving to a surface.
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The cat jumps off the table, off, leaving a surface.
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The cat walks into the kitchen, into, moving inside.
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The cat runs out of the kitchen, out of, from inside to outside.
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The cat walks toward the window.
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Five movements, five prepositions.
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Notice, onto and off are a pair, into and out of are a pair.
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Two pairs.
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Clean.
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Two more pairs.
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To and from.
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I went to the gym.
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I came from the office.
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I flew to Paris and back from Munich.
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Through means moving inside something from one end to the other.
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We drove through the tunnel.
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The light came through the window.
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She pushed through the crowd.
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Across means moving over a flat, open space.
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She swan across the river.
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He walked across the bridge.
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The bird flew across the sky.
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Through a forest, you are inside the trees.
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Across a field, you go from one side to the other on top of the ground.
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That visual really helps.
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Direction words.
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Up and down.
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She climbed up the stairs.
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The ball rolled down the hill.
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He ran up the hill.
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She walked down the road.
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Two more that confuse.
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Toward and away from.
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Toward means moving in the direction, but maybe you don't arrive.
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He walked toward the door, but stopped.
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The dog ran toward me.
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Away from is the opposite.
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She slowly walked away from the crowd.
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Keep away from the fire.
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Toward is heading that way.
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To is reaching the destination.
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One more.
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Along.
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Along means following the length of something.
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We walked along the beach at sunset.
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The path runs along the river.
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Cars line up along the curb.
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Lovely image.
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Lovely preposition.
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Group 4.
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Prepositions of Relationship.
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These connect ideas, people, and actions.
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We start with the busiest little word, of.
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Of shows belonging or connection, the cover of the book, a cup of coffee, the end of the day,
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a glass of water, the color of the sky.
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Of is everywhere in Daily English.
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With means together or having something.
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She came with her sister.
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He spoke with confidence.
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I work with Tom.
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Tea with milk, please.
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Without is the opposite.
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I cannot work without music.
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Don't go without your umbrella.
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She left without saying goodbye.
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I can't work without coffee either.
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Honest.
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About means on the subject.
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We talked about our plans.
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This podcast is about learning English.
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Tell me about your weekend.
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What was your favorite movie about?
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For has three main uses.
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First, purpose.
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A pen for writing.
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A cup for tea.
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A bag for travel.
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Second, who benefits?
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I bought this for you.
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She made a cake for her mother.
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He cooked dinner for the family.
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Third, support.
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I voted for that idea.
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They cheered for their team.
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I'm rooting for you.
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For is the most flexible small word in the whole preposition family.
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By shows who did it.
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This song was written by a famous singer.
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The book was read by millions.
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The window was broken by the storm.
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And by shows method.
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We traveled by train.
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I paid by card.
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She sent a message by email.
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They communicated by phone.
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Two that learners mix up again and again.
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Like and as.
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Like is comparison.
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She sings like an angel.
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He runs like a cheetah.
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The cake tastes like chocolate.
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As is role or function.
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She works as a nurse.
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He works as a teacher.
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That is their actual job.
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He acted like a child.
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He's not a child.
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He just behaved like one.
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As is what someone actually is.
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Like is what someone reminds you of.
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Beautifully said.
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Four more.
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Despite, because of, instead of, according to.
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Despite means something happens even though there's an obstacle.
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Despite the rain, we had a great time.
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Despite being tired, she kept going.
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Despite the cost, we bought the house.
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Because of shows reason.
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We stayed inside because of the storm.
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The flight was late because of the weather.
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She smiled because of the good news.
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Instead of shows a swap.
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I had tea instead of coffee this morning.
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Let's take the bus instead of the taxi.
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He read a book instead of watching TV.
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Instead of is a simple, soft swap.
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Use it any time you change one thing for another.
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And according to means based on what someone said or a source.
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According to the weather app, it will rain tomorrow.
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According to the report, we will travel next month.
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According to my doctor, I need more sleep.
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A small word with a very professional, very natural feeling, especially useful for Work English and News English.
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Now, a quick common mistake round.
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Three small fixes that even B1 learners still make.
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Mistake 1.
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I'm married with John.
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Wrong.
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The correct phrase is I'm married to John.
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Faith collocates with people and things you do things with.
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Two collocates with marriage, specifically.
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Mistake two.
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I arrived to the station at six.
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Wrong.
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The correct phrase is I arrived at the station or I arrived in Tokyo.
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At for points and stations.
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In for cities and countries.
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Mistake three.
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I lived here since five years.
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Wrong.
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It should be, I have lived here four or five years.
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Since needs a starting point.
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Four needs a length.
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Three small fixes, three big clarities.
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And a fourth that's almost a secret.
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I'm good in math sounds a little off.
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The natural phrase is I'm good at math.
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Prepositions love tiny little words, but they hate one-size-fits-all rules.
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Each pair has its own collocation.
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That's the deepest truth of today's lesson.
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Okay, now let's put all 43 prepositions into one small life.
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One morning, from waking up to leaving home.
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Imagine this.
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It's Monday.
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I wake up in my bedroom at 7am.
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I get out of bed and walk into the bathroom.
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I look in the mirror.
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I wash my face with cold water.
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I walk through the hallway and into the kitchen.
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I put a kettle onto the stove.
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I wait for five minutes.
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During those five minutes, I scroll through messages on my phone.
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I read an email from my boss about a meeting.
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I sit at the kitchen table beside the window.
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I drink a cup of coffee with my breakfast.
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I eat a slice of bread with butter.
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I walk out of the apartment, down the stairs, and along the street toward the bus stop.
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According to my phone, the bus will be there by 8.15.
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I wait near the bus stop opposite the bakery.
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The bus arrives and I step onto it.
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How many prepositions in just one morning?
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Honestly, I lost count.
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I used at least fifteen without thinking.
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That's the whole point.
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When you understand prepositions, you speak naturally.
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You don't stop to think.
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You just speak.
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One more small scene.
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Lunch break with my coworker.
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Real English.
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Real noon.
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It's noon.
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I step off the bus and walk toward the office.
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I walk past the park, across the plaza, into the lobby.
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Up the elevator to the third floor, down the hall, into the staff kitchen.
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I grab a sandwich from the fridge.
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I sit beside my coworker at the long table.
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We talk about the weekend, despite the busy morning.
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Because of a new project, we don't have much time.
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Instead of a long lunch, we take 30 minutes.
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According to my friend, this project will finish by Friday.
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Ten more prepositions.
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Used naturally.
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No list.
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No list.
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Just real English.
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And one more scene.
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Evening.
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Walking home.
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A small close-the-day scene.
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At 6 p.m., I leave the office.
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I walk out of the building and along the river path.
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The sun is low.
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The light is below the buildings.
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The sky is full of color.
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I walk across a small bridge and down a quiet street.
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I stop at a bakery opposite the park.
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I buy bread for dinner.
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On the sidewalk, an old man feeds pigeons.
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I smile at him.
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He smiles back.
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By the time I reach my apartment, it is dark.
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I step into the lobby, up the stairs, and into my apartment.
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I take off my shoes and put them beside the door.
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According to the recipe, dinner will take 30 minutes.
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After dinner, I sit with my tea on the sofa.
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According to my habit, I read for one hour.
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Before bed, I write three sentences about my day.
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Since January, I have written every day.
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For 300 days now.
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That preposition family walked with me all day long.
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From waking to sleeping, from breakfast to dinner.
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That's 43 small words working quietly inside every sentence you speak.
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Quietly.
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Beautifully.
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Okay, quick recap.
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All 43 prepositions, just to lock them in your mind.
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Prepositions of place.
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In, on, at, under, above, below, beside, next to, between, behind behind,
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in front of, near, opposite.
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Prepositions of time.
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At, on, in, before, after, during, until, by, since, for.
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Prepositions of movement.
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To, from, into, out of, onto, off, through, across, along,
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up, down, toward, away from.
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prepositions of relationship.
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Of, with, without, about, for,
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by, like, as, despite, because of, instead of, according to.
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43 small words, and you have heard every single one in real sentences today.
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Not from a textbook, not from a list.
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From real conversation.
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Two more rehearsal rounds before you leave.
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Repeat after me.
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I'll say one sentence with three prepositions.
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You pause, you repeat.
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I live in a small house near the school beside my office.
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Your turn.
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She walked across the bridge toward the museum with her friend.
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One more.
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According to my mom, I have been quiet since this morning.
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Three small rehearsals, three small wins.
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That is how prepositions become yours.
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Now a small habit tip.
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Don't try to memorize all 43 today.
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Pick five.
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Use them in sentences about your own life.
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Your morning, your commute, your dinner.
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One for mine.
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I parked my car near the office opposite the coffee shop.
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Five prepositions.
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Look at us go.
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Look at us go.
463
Okay, English learners.
464
Our small challenge.
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Write one sentence in the comments using at least three prepositions.
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Tell us something about your day.
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Where were you?
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What were you doing?
469
Who were you with?
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We read every comment.
471
We really do.
472
Before we go, tap like.
473
Subscribe if you have not yet.
474
Share this episode with one friend who is learning English.
475
One share.
476
That's all we ask.
477
Pick five today.
478
Use them tomorrow.
479
Use them next week.
480
One small word a day, little by little.
481
Little by little.
482
Every sentence you speak is a step forward.
483
See you next time, English learners!
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Take care, everyone!
485
Bye for now!
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Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les
Deze spreekles op niveau A2 is gebaseerd op de video “43 Essential English Prepositions for Daily Conversation”. Deze woorden komen het vaakst terug: preposition, English, sentence, word, beside. Deze video bevat 485 zinnen en 2864 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 21:25. De spreker praat in een gelijkmatig tempo van ongeveer 134 woorden per minuut, prettig om te shadowen. 86% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden; de rest kun je beter vooraf bekijken.
Belangrijke woorden in deze video
15 woorden uit de video die het leren waard zijn, met uitspraak en betekenis:
| Woord | Uitspraak | Betekenis |
|---|---|---|
| beside | /bɪˈsaɪd/ | naast |
| topic zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈtɑpɪk/ | onderwerp, thema |
| phrase zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/ | uitspraak |
| timeline zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈtaɪmˌlaɪn/ | tijdlijn |
| stairs zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈstɛɹz/ | trap |
| beautifully bijwoord | /ˈbju.tɪ.fə.li/ | mooi |
| naturally bijwoord | /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/ | natuurlijk |
| cloud zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈklaʊ̯d/ | wolk |
| arrive werkwoord | /əˈɹaɪv/ | aankomen, arriveren |
| midnight zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈmɪd(ˌ)naɪt/ | middernacht |
| breathe werkwoord | /bɹiːð/ | ademen, ademhalen |
| habit zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈhæb.ɪt/ | gewoonte |
| shoe zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈʃu/ | schoen |
| mathematics zelfstandig naamwoord | /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/ | wiskunde, mathematiek |
| podcast zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈpɑdˌkæst/ | podcast |
Phrasal verbs die je zult horen
| Woord | Uitspraak | Betekenis |
|---|---|---|
| come back werkwoord | terugkomen | |
| go down werkwoord | afdalen | |
| take off werkwoord | uittrekken, afzetten | |
| wake up werkwoord | /ˌweɪk ˈʌp/ | wakker worden, ontwaken |
Zinnen om te herhalen
Korte, volledige zinnen uit de video die je in alledaagse gesprekken kunt gebruiken:
- Alice, how are you today?
- Honestly, I'm a little excited today.
- You didn't even think about them.
- Let's start with the famous three.
- What was your favorite movie about?
Grammatica in deze video
De structuren die de spreker het meest gebruikt, met de exacte woorden uit de video:
| Structuur | In de video |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + voltooid deelwoord — iets uit het verleden dat nu nog telt | I've lived · I've known · I've worked |
| Lijdende vorm be + voltooid deelwoord — het gaat om wat er gebeurt, niet om wie het doet | was written · was read · was broken |
| Vergrotende trap -er than / more … than — twee dingen vergelijken | lower than · higher than · earlier than |
| Overtreffende trap the -est / the most … — het hoogste of laagste van een groep | the busiest · the most flexible · the deepest |
Uitspraak om op te letten
De spreker gebruikt 32 samentrekkingen en verkorte vormen, zoals I'm, don't, I'll. Spreek ze kort uit, zoals je ze hoort.
- De “th”-klanken: breathe /bɹiːð/, mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, thirteen /ˌθɝtˈtin/
- De klanken “sh” en “zh”: shoe /ˈʃu/, destination /dɛstɪˈneɪʃən/, duration /dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, measurement /ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/, notification /ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/
- Lange woorden — let op de klemtoon: beautifully /ˈbju.tɪ.fə.li/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, destination /dɛstɪˈneɪʃən/, continuous /kənˈtɪn.juː.əs/
Klanken die Nederlandstaligen lastig vinden:
- Stemhebbende eindmedeklinker — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ niet verscherpen: beside /bɪˈsaɪd/, phrase /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/, stairs /ˈstɛɹz/, sandwich /ˈsæn(d).wɪd͡ʒ/, cloud /ˈklaʊ̯d/
- /æ/ — opener dan de Nederlandse “e”: sandwich /ˈsæn(d).wɪd͡ʒ/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, habit /ˈhæb.ɪt/, mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, podcast /ˈpɑdˌkæst/
- /g/ — een harde plofklank, geen Nederlandse “g”: goodbye /ɡʊdˈbaɪ/, colleague /ˈkɒliːɡ/, glue /ɡlu/
Zo oefen je met deze video
- Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
- Spreek zin voor zin na op normale snelheid en herhaal elke zin tot je ritme gelijk is aan dat van de spreker.
- Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als beside, topic, phrase.
Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?
Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.