Shadowing Practice: Das Immunsystem erklärt - Learn English Speaking with Video
Les maken...
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That human immune system is,
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regardless of our brain, the complex and known biologist structure.
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And nobody knows how it actually works or what it is.
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Your immune system consists of hundreds of small and two large organ and has a own transport system,
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which is over your whole body.
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Tag für Tag produziert es hunderte Milliarden Zellen,
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die organisiert sind wie ein Heer.
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Aus Soldaten, Anführern, Geheimagenten, schwerem Geschütz und hartgesottenen Selbstmordbombern.
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Es ist kein abstraktes Gebilde.
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Dein Immunsystem ist Du.
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Deine Biologie, die dich vor den Milliarden Mikroorganismen beschützt, die dich auffressen wollen.
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Und vor deinen eigenen, irregeführten Zellen, die zu Krebs werden.
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It's so much, that we can't be able to do it in a single video.
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We're making a series of different aspects of the immune system.
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Today we're going to see what happens when the enemy's enemies
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and the first defense is to a fight for life and death.
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A normal day...
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Pl promo the world alley.
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Imaginerous aliens falling Wonderland through are Collins and S Gentlemen afraid they would vent Zum敦ent your cell processingps
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Your chairman is is you Kracer an Conversation in your hazy park I'm sufferingim curling precisely pero in chู้.
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abilities genes order grenade
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owl but also the A storm of the chemical alarm signals activate your immune system.
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First of all, the Macrophages are on.
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If a person's average is the size of a person,
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it would be a Macrophage as a large as a Nasshorn.
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Actually a quite a quietness.
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But like a Nasshorn, you will not be able to do it.
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And bacteria are being able to do it.
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After a few seconds, this is a large number of people but who will ing 나는 Human Blossom
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します a Macrophage You can eat about 100 bacteria before they are exhausted.
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But it's just many.
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The Macrophage is calling for strength.
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In your blood, you take hundreds of Neutrophiles to the signals and move to the slag.
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Neutrophiles are just a bomb,
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which only live, to kill them.
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They do it with such a hefty,
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that they do it after a few days,
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that they're safe and doesn't get anything you will do out Bearrative luego go back toicana firstog ok Hey
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But also Nathan's own life itself.
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Many Neutrophials examine themselves as well.
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They focus their selber- prawd
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where can win, as you can see,
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underneath that is what happens when the times float.
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to your your focus your physical也可以 the millions our amazing flinis
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indem sie Löcher in sie reißt.
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Wir haben ein ganzes Video,
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in dem wir das genauer beleuchten.
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Jetzt sind wir an einem kritischen Punkt angelangt.
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Wenn alles gut geht, kann die erste Verteidigungslinie die Eindringlinge schnell beseitigen.
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Aber manchmal ist der Feind einfach zu stark und würde mit der Zeit deine Abwehr überwältigen.
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Für dich als Mensch würde das den sicheren Tod bedeuten.
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Jetzt hat die Stunde der dendritischen Zelle geschlagen.
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Sie ist der Geheimagent deines Immunsystems.
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It's involved taking advantage of
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the soldiers against them
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that they It really looks like the brain,
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who infetter tus letters of milk-piff.
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Diehouses to cucin a corpse as if not.
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Someone likes the new frog.
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Sheямиisrta suns….
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She begins the invasion of the immunosyste team which J his chest out all his own equipment and your Lymphknot.
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The dendritic cell search then MOS T is inuteronomy.
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A key development of your immune system.
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Not any T-Helfer-Zelle, but the one who is the right thing to do with the bacteria,
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which have infected the bacteria.
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She goes around and drives her with a bacteria-like body body to every T-Helfer-Zelle,
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which she so hits.
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Most find it just a little bit more and they are going to go.
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After a few hours, suddenly click.
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One T-Helfer-Zelle springt on the bacteria.
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This T-Zelle is needed.
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The dendritic cell activates the T-Helfer.
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But wait, how can your immune system have a specific weapon against exactly the bacteria that has infected you?
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Your immune system has even a perfect weapon against every possible disease in the universe.
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Against the Pest, the Coronavirus or a infection that will only be in 100 years on Mars.
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Because this is so complex,
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we will explain it in the next video.
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In the moment it is to know that you have over Milliarden of only a T-Helfer-Zell,
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which all have a single weapon.
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Together they are an arsenal against every possible enemy.
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When the right T-Helfer-Zell is activated,
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You can't wait for a second,
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but you can't wait for a teenager.
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Very slowly.
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Your chest is extremely effective, but not very fast.
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The active T-Helfer-Zell cloned itself.
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Always and always.
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One of them, two of them,
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four of them, and thousands of them.
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They're in two groups.
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The first group takes off to the battlefield, to help the soldiers.
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There is the situation from the Ruder.
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This is about the müde Macrophage is ready to give up.
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After the day of the battle,
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she will only sleep in and sleep like many of her friends.
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But now they come to the T-Helfer-Zell.
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One of them goes to the müde Macrophage and flutters with special chemically signals to her.
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The soldiers are fresh.
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And something else feels the Makrophage.
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Glühend-heiße Wut.
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She knows what she has to do.
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Töten.
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She will again in the fight.
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And that happens everywhere, on the whole Schlacht field.
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In the meantime, activate the second group T-Helfer-Zellen another defense.
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The B-Zellen, your Antikörper-Fabriken.
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Antikörper are Superwaffen from Proteins,
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which look like a Krabs with two two with which they can be defeated.
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Like the T-Helfer-Zell, the B-Zell can be the right Antikörper against every other enemy.
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And such the T-Helfer-Zell.
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One or two days is the right B-Zell found and she's itself.
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Over time, there are eyes in offsetкаking alone,
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to ICE one of them until between two thousand
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and unleash them.
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To sodas everyone obese and doesn't move or join the bot.
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Deine Soldaten massakrieren die wehrlosen Opfer.
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Jetzt dreht der Wind schnell.
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Während die letzten Feinde besiegt werden,
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merken die Soldaten, dass man sie nicht mehr braucht und beginnen,
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sich selbst umzubringen, um Ressourcen zu sparen.
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Aber nicht alle.
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Einige T-Helferzellen verbleiben und werden zu Gedächtniszellen.
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Sie beschützen ein Gewebe noch jahrelang und stellen sicher,
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dass dieses bestimmte Bakterium hier nie wieder Fuß fassen kann.
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Auch ein paar B-Zellen bleiben am Leben
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and set small amounts of this body body to the rest of your life and you?
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You wake up and notice that the wound is covered and just a little bit.
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From the whole drama, with which your cells were finished,
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you didn't have anything with you.
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What for millions of cells a complete battle on life or death was,
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was for millions of cells a complete battle.
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What for million cells a complete battle on life or death was for you nothing but a small bitterness.
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Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les
Deze spreekles op niveau C2 is gebaseerd op de video “Das Immunsystem erklärt”. Deze woorden komen het vaakst terug: Helfer, die, Zell, immune, bacteria. Deze video bevat 132 zinnen en 1203 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 10:04. De spreker praat in een gelijkmatig tempo van ongeveer 120 woorden per minuut, prettig om te shadowen. Slechts 65% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden, dus de woordenschat is pittig.
Belangrijke woorden in deze video
De 15 moeilijkste woorden uit de video, met uitspraak en betekenis:
| Woord | Uitspraak | Betekenis |
|---|---|---|
| bacterium zelfstandig naamwoord | /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/ | bacterie |
| activate werkwoord | /ˈæktɪˌveɪt/ | activeren, aanzetten |
| ditch zelfstandig naamwoord | /dɪt͡ʃ/ | sloot, greppel |
| infect werkwoord | /ɪnˈfɛkt/ | infecteren, besmetten |
| biologist zelfstandig naamwoord | /baɪˈɒləd͡ʒɪst/ | bioloog, biologe |
| flutter werkwoord | /ˈflʌtɚ/ | wapperen |
| unleash werkwoord | /ʌnˈliʃ/ | loslaten, vrijlaten |
| curl zelfstandig naamwoord | /kɜɹl/ | krul, lok |
| grenade zelfstandig naamwoord | /ɡɹəˈneɪd/ | granaat |
| obese bijvoeglijk naamwoord | /oʊˈbis/ | obees, vetzuchtig |
| clone zelfstandig naamwoord | /kloʊn/ | kloon |
| exhaust werkwoord | /ɪɡˈzɔst/ | uitputten, verminderen |
| alley zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈæl.i/ | doorgang, steeg |
| battlefield zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈbætəlˌfiːld/ | slagveld |
| float werkwoord | /fləʊt/ | drijven |
Phrasal verbs die je zult horen
| Woord | Uitspraak | Betekenis |
|---|---|---|
| give up werkwoord | zich overgeven | |
| go back werkwoord | teruggaan | |
| wake up werkwoord | /ˌweɪk ˈʌp/ | wakker worden, ontwaken |
Grammatica in deze video
De structuren die de spreker het meest gebruikt, met de exacte woorden uit de video:
| Structuur | In de video |
|---|---|
| Lijdende vorm be + voltooid deelwoord — het gaat om wat er gebeurt, niet om wie het doet | are exhausted · is needed · is activated |
| Present perfect have/has + voltooid deelwoord — iets uit het verleden dat nu nog telt | have infected · has infected |
Uitspraak om op te letten
De spreker gebruikt 11 samentrekkingen en verkorte vormen, zoals can't, doesn't, they're. Spreek ze kort uit, zoals je ze hoort.
- De klanken “sh” en “zh”: unleash /ʌnˈliʃ/, ventilation /ˌvɛntɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/
- Lange woorden — let op de klemtoon: biologist /baɪˈɒləd͡ʒɪst/, ventilation /ˌvɛntɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/
Klanken die Nederlandstaligen lastig vinden:
- Stemhebbende eindmedeklinker — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ niet verscherpen: grenade /ɡɹəˈneɪd/, battlefield /ˈbætəlˌfiːld/
- /æ/ — opener dan de Nederlandse “e”: bacterium /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/, activate /ˈæktɪˌveɪt/, alley /ˈæl.i/, battlefield /ˈbætəlˌfiːld/
- /g/ — een harde plofklank, geen Nederlandse “g”: grenade /ɡɹəˈneɪd/, exhaust /ɪɡˈzɔst/
Zo oefen je met deze video
- Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
- Spreek zin voor zin na op normale snelheid en herhaal elke zin tot je ritme gelijk is aan dat van de spreker.
- Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als bacterium, activate, ditch.
Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?
Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.