Shadowing Practice: Learn English | Reading for Vocabulary | Level B | Lesson 03 | Brian Stuart (미국교과서) - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Hello everybody, welcome back to Reading for Vocabulary.
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I'm Brian Stewart.
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We're on lesson three right now.
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We're talking about pollution and of course our unit is about environment.
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So pollution is very important when we talk about the environment.
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In this lesson we will focus on pollution is bad for the environment.
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It's bad because it affects our health.
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So the subject that we're going to be talking about in this lesson is about health
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and not only our health but the health of our planet, the Earth.
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So let's take a look.
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Let's look at the ideas here first, kinds of pollution.
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In this unit we're going to be talking about two kinds of pollution.
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There are many kinds of pollution, but we'll look at two kinds here.
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The first one, what kind of pollution do you think this is?
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This is a factory, right?
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And it's putting pollution in the air.
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So this is air pollution.
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Air pollution, when something puts bad gases or gases that are not good for you in the air.
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Factories, cars, people smoking, right?
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This is all types of air pollution.
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Another type of air pollution we'll talk about, what is this?
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This, of course, is water.
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And blech, that's horrible, right?
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Look at that black stuff coming out of this pipe into the water.
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That, of course, is water pollution.
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So, water pollution is very bad it hurts you know we have to drink clean water
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when we take a shower we want clean water we want our water to be clean
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so we have to watch out for these two types of pollution air pollution
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and water pollution we'll look at those in this unit
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but first let's build our vocabulary right let's look at some
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vocabulary words to help us talk about these issues the first word we're going to talk about,
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we've already seen it, I just talked about it, the bad things in our air and water.
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Right?
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Air, beep, water, beep.
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Do you remember?
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Just a couple seconds ago we were talking about pollution.
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Pollution.
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Now this is a long word, right?
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It has three sounds.
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Pollution.
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Put them together.
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Pollution.
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Pollution.
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Pollution.
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So, you guys, pollution.
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These are the bad things in our air and water.
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Pollution is what we have to watch out for.
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Okay, our second word, we have two apples here, right?
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This apple is very nice.
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It looks fresh.
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It looks good to eat.
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This apple is rotten.
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Rotten, right?
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This apple is rotten.
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Whoops.
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Oh, wow, look at that.
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My pen advanced the word.
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That's okay.
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So this apple is rotten.
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If you eat it, it's harmful.
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It causes harm, right?
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So, time, air, causes harm to an apple or other fruit because they become rotten.
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It's harmful.
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Now, there's two sounds here.
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Harm-ful.
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Harmful.
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Put them together.
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Harmful.
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Okay?
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So, when it causes harm, it is harmful.
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Pollution is harmful.
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We'll talk about that later.
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Okay.
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Next one.
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This is interesting.
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I have to think a little bit what's going on here.
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To stop, to stop from happening, what's he doing?
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He's stopping the water from falling in the sink, right?
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He's catching it in his hands.
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So to stop from happening is to prevent.
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If you prevent something, pre-vent, two sounds, prevent, prevent.
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it together quickly?
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Prevent.
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Okay, so prevent, to stop something from happening.
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Okay, number four.
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We saw this before in the very beginning of our lesson when we talked about air pollution, right?
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But what type of building, what type of place is this?
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It's a place where things are made by machines." So you have many machines and things are made by machines like cars,
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refrigerators, television sets.
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Things are made by machines.
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It's a big building, we call it a factory.
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A factory is a place where things are made by machines.
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Almost everything these days is made in factories.
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Next one, look at him.
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He was having fun, right?
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He was digging in the dirt.
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Hook, hook, he's got lots of dirt on his hands.
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Not clean.
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His hands are not clean.
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He should not go home and eat.
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He's got to wash his hands first because his hands are dirty.
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Mom will say, your hands are dirty.
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Wash your hands, right?
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Hopefully he doesn't go like this.
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Then his face is dirty, right?
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So be careful when you go play outside, your hands get dirty, your clothes get dirty, maybe your face gets dirty, your hair gets dirty.
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What were you doing?
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Okay, but it gets dirty when you play in the earth or in the dirt.
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Okay, next one.
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Where do we all live?
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Do you know this picture?
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Have you seen this picture before?
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Or you've probably never actually seen this, you've just seen this picture, right?
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Because it would be very difficult to go outside.
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Only astronauts see this in real life.
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It's the planet we live on.
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What is this planet called?
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We all live on this planet.
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It's called Earth.
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It's Earth.
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So we live on Earth.
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Okay, next one.
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Ah, looks refreshing, doesn't it?
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It's hot and you should drink lots of this on hot days.
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It's a clear liquid with no taste.
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It doesn't taste like anything, but it's very refreshing, isn't it, on a hot day.
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It's, of course, water.
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Water is necessary for us.
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If we drink a lot of water, we are healthy.
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So water is important to us.
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And the water has to be clean, not dirty.
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Okay, number eight, to take in, to take in and give out air.
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Well, think about that.
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What am I doing?
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I am breathing, to breathe.
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This is maybe a little difficult to pronounce because you have these consonant blends.
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You have these sounds here.
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First is B-R, brr, brr and the next one th
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so breathe breathe calm down relax it's okay it's not hard breathe breathe
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breathe okay when you make the th sound at the end breathe your tongue is between your teeth breathe
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and it's vibrating, right?
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You have a little vibration.
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Breathe, breathe.
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Okay, you can feel the vibration.
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Breathe, and then you can say it.
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Don't say breath.
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That's something else.
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That's the noun, right?
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Breath is the noun.
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Breath.
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No vibration.
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Breath.
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That's the noun.
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Take a breath.
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That's a noun.
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But verb, this is the verb the verb, that's the action.
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Breathe, breathe.
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So, don't get confused, right?
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Take a breath.
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Breathe slowly.
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Okay, so that's the difference.
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Okay, next word.
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Number nine, to put different things together.
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You have one thing here, you have another thing here, you're going to put them together.
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What are you doing?
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That's very easy.
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Mix.
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You will mix the two things together.
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Sometimes we mix a solid with a liquid, but you can also mix two liquids, two solids.
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You can mix gas.
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There's lots of things you can mix together.
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So mix to put two different, well, different things, two, three, four, you put many things together,
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you are mixing to mix.
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Okay.
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Number 10.
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Uh-oh, looks like trouble, right?
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Here's a helicopter, right?
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This of course is a helicopter, and it looks like it's doing something not good, right?
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Dirty air made when something is burning.
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So, at first when I saw this picture I thought, uh oh, the helicopter is in trouble.
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But no, it's not in trouble, it's the engine.
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It's the engine making the smoke.
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Cars do this too.
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What do we call this?
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What do we call this smoke?
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That's kind of a himdoro word.
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That smoke is called exhaust.
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But we can also call it smoke.
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I just said smoke.
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Smoke from the engine is called exhaust.
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And that's because what's burning?
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Well, the gasoline is burning inside the engine and it's giving off smoke.
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But if you have a fire, if you go camping in the woods and you make a fire, that's smoke that comes off the fire.
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Not exhaust.
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Exhaust is from an engine.
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Exhaust comes from an engine.
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Smoke comes from any fire, right?
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Also we can call this smoke too.
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is a type of smoke.
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Okay.
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Eleven, is it smoke?
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No, it's tiny pieces of dirt.
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Nothing's burning, right?
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This person just took some dirt, picked up some dirt, rubbed it, clapped it on his hands, right?
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And why did they do that?
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To make their hands like more, the things will stick.
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Like if he's going to grab a rope and pull it, he wants his dirt to help him grip that rope.
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But the little tiny pieces of dirt.
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What do we call that?
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We call it dust.
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Maybe a little bit difficult to pronounce.
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We have D, D, D and ST, ST. Dust.
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Don't say DST.
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No, don't say don't do that.
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It's one sound.
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Dust.
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Be careful with the ending sound.
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Don't put U at the end.
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Don't do that.
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It's just dust.
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Tiny pieces of dirt in the air.
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Number 12, having an illness.
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Oh, poor guy.
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He doesn't look good.
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What is he?
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He's sick.
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If you are sick, you don't go to school.
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So, you're sick, stay home sick.
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He is at home sick he has an illness like a cold Achoo Achoo or Kamgi
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he has an illness he is sick ok to collect by hand
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when you go to the store you what are you doing
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you are picking up something pick up you pick up things with your hand you're picking them up
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so you can pick up stuff at the grocery store you
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can also pick up your clothes from your bedroom bedroom and put them where your mother says to put them?
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She says pick up the clothes in your room, pick up your toys, pick up your books, pick things up, collect them by hand.
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Next one, number 14.
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He's really cool, isn't he?
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The act of controlling a car.
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He's behind a car and he's controlling the car.
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He's making the car go.
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So what is he doing?
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He's driving to drive a car, to drive a car.
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You're gonna say, 운정하다, right?
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운정, right?
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You're gonna drive a car, okay.
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Next one, 15, you see this very commonly, right?
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What you throw away.
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Does your mother or father ever say, hey, go take out the what?
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Take out the trash.
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Take out the trash.
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trash trash is the stuff you throw away the empty bottles the empty containers paper
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that you've used you don't want it anymore you put it
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all away that's the trash by the way there's another word
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that means the same thing I'm going to teach you it's also called war gar bedge garbage
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garbage garbage same doku tell trash garbage doku tell take out
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the garbage take out the trash same thing okay number 16 oh that's too sad
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but this is nature this is what happens in nature are animals have to eat right
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so these two looks like cheetahs They caught a deer or a gazelle and they cause to die.
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They catch it and they kill it.
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Kill it.
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They cause it to die.
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So when a big cat, a hunter, right, catches another animal and kills it, of course it causes the animal to die, to kill.
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It happens in nature.
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This is the natural world.
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Okay.
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Let's review our words that we've learned.
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Let's see how well we remember.
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Now we've got, wow, we've got a lot of words.
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We have eight words here.
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These are the words we're going to use.
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It says complete each sentence with a word from the box.
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So we have eight sentences.
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We have to complete each sentence with one of these words.
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What are the words?
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Let's review.
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Pollution.
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Pollution.
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Pollution.
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Next here.
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Prevent.
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Prevent.
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Next one, breathe.
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Dirty.
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Then next one is harmful.
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Next one is factories.
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Next one, water. And next one, earth.
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That's where we all live.
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How do we complete these sentences with these words?
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Number one, fill the air with dust and smoke.
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So what fills the air with dust and smoke?
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What does that?
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What of these things fills the air with dust and smoke?
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Think of a place where machines make things, right?
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Factories is a place where machines make things and they unfortunately,
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they also fill the air with dust and smoke when the machines are working.
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So they fill the air with dust and smoke.
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Number two, it is hard to beep if the air is not clean.
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So imagine the air is not clean.
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Maybe somebody's smoking nearby.
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You're going, right?
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It's hard.
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It's difficult to do what?
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What is that action?
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Remember that word?
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breathe.
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Breathe.
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Remember, this is a verb.
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The noun is breath, but we need a verb.
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It is hard to breathe if the air is not clean, if the air is dirty, somebody's smoking near you, or there's a lot of cars,
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you're near a highway, there's a lot of exhaust.
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It's hard to breathe.
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Okay, let's move on to number three.
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Number three is let's keep the beep green and clean.
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Green and clean?
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What are we talking about?
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Well, out of all these places, what do we want to keep green and clean?
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Out of all these things, not places, all these things.
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Where do we all live?
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Where do we all live?
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We all live on the earth.
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Let's keep the earth green and clean.
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Green?
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What does that mean?
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Well, think about it.
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We want our earth to have lots of trees and lots of plants, right?
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Those are green.
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If we keep our water clean, if we don't pollute our water, there will be many trees and lots of grass, lots of plants.
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So it'll be green, green and clean.
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Let's keep the earth green and clean.
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Number four, factories and cars make what?
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We've talked about this before.
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We've talked about it actually on the previous slide.
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Number one, we've talked about factories, right?
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But also cars, what do they make?
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They make the air and the water dirty.
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So what do they make?
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What makes things dirty?
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Well, pollution makes things dirty.
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So factories and cars make pollution.
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It's something that they do.
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It's not something they're designed to do.
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It's just something they do as like a side effect of using those things.
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Factories aren't built to make pollution, it's just something that happens with that other activity that they're doing.
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Same thing with cars.
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We like cars, we like to drive, but unfortunately, they also cause pollution.
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Okay, let's move on to number five.
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We need clean beep to drink.
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That gives us our answer right there, because what do we drink?
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What do we drink?
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Of these things, what is it that we drink?
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And we talked about this before.
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It should be clean when we drink it.
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Of course, we're talking about water.
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We need clean water to drink.
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Our water that we drink, ah, it's very refreshing, but it should be clean.
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If it's dirty water, that's harmful.
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So it should be clean.
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Six, Jim.
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He's my friend, right?
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Jim.
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Jim doesn't drive.
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He wants to beep, air pollution.
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So what does he want to do?
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Air pollution is bad.
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He wants to stop it.
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He wants to stop it from happening.
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What word did we learn that means to stop from happening?
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Which of these words means to stop from happening or to stop happening?
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That of course is to prevent.
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He wants to prevent air pollution.
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So that's one way to help prevent air pollution.
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Don't drive.
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You can walk or you can ride a bicycle.
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That's how you can prevent air pollution.
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Number seven, burning things.
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If you burn something, it could be gas, it could be wood, it could be paper.
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Those things make our air what?
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Because remember the smoke is coming off and that smoke makes the air.
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What does it make the air?
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What of these words, what describes how the air is when there's a lot of smoke or pollution in the air.
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The air is then dirty.
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The air is dirty because we're burning things.
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Burning things makes smoke, it makes pollution, it makes the air dirty.
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8. Pollution is what to plants and animals?
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Pollution is bad, right?
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What's another word for bad here?
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It causes harm.
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It's bad because it causes damage or it causes harm to something.
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Of course, we're looking for harmful, right?
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It causes harm, it is harmful to plants and animals.
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Of course, pollution is bad to plants and animals.
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We are animals, so it's bad for humans, it's bad for all other animals, it's bad for plants.
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Pollution is harmful to plants and animals.
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Okay, that wraps up our vocabulary review.
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We have a lot of good words now.
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Let's use those words after a short break and take a look at the reading section.
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Let's take a short break.
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Hello, everybody.
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Welcome back to the reading passage.
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Now, we're going to go over the reading here.
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Of course, our subject is pollution.
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Are you ready?
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Let's begin together.
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The reading passage starts with a question.
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Do you know what pollution is?
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Do you know what pollution is?
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You should know by now, right?
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But then it answers, pollution makes the earth dirty.
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So that's the answer to the question.
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It's something that makes the earth dirty.
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What is pollution?
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It makes the earth dirty.
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It, now the next sentence starts with if, it we're talking about pollution.
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Pollution puts bad things into our air and water.
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So that also answers the question, what is pollution?
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Pollution makes our earth dirty and it puts bad things in our air and water.
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Harmful things, not good for us.
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Now here we have many things that we do make our earth dirty.
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Separate the sentence.
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Many things that we do. that we do.
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For example, we make things, we drive cars, we do a lot of things.
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Those things that we do, they in turn make our earth dirty.
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So we kind of have to separate this here.
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Many things that we do, many of the things that we do, those things make our earth dirty.
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So let's talk about what they are and how to prevent pollution.
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When they say let's talk about what they are, we're talking about the things that we do.
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So we're going to see more examples of things that we do.
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Let's talk about what those things are and how we can prevent, stop pollution.
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So we're going to look at two things, right?
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of the things that we do that makes pollution and how we can stop pollution from happening.
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That's what the next part is going to be about.
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Air pollution is when harmful things mix with the air.
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Air pollution, we're talking about air pollution first, is when harmful things mix with the air.
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Remember we said mix means you take many different things and you put them together.
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If you put smoke together with the air, that makes air pollution.
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Dust and smoke from cars and factories are pollution.
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So these are the things we do.
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We drive cars and we make things in factories.
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That's something we do.
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That's something we do.
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When we do that, we make dust and smoke.
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That makes pollution.
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That makes our environment dirty.
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So, air pollution is when harmful things mix with the air, harmful things like dust and smoke from cars and factories are pollution, are air pollution.
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So, that kind of sums up those two sentences.
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Air pollution, they.
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They here refers to dust and smoke.
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Dust and smoke, they make the air harmful to breathe.
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So, if there's a lot of dust and smoke in the air, those things make the air harmful to breathe.
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It's hard to breathe, actually, right?
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If there's a lot of dust in the air, we cough and we sneeze.
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It's harmful to breathe.
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Too much pollution makes living things sick, right?
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It makes us sick if there's too much dust or smoke in the air and especially too much pollution,
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we can become sick.
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And many other living things can become sick too and die.
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Okay, let's move on.
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Clean air is good for plants too, right?
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Not just for animals or creatures, but also for plants.
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Of course, plants need clean air.
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It, what's it?
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Clean air.
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It refers back to clean air.
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Clean air helps them.
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What's them?
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Plants.
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Okay.
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So them is plants.
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Clean air helps plants grow and stay green.
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Of course, plants need clean air to grow and to stay green.
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If they don't get clean air, they die and they turn brown.
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Right.
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So they want to stay green, stay healthy.
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So, the question is, how can we stop air pollution?
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How can we stop air pollution?
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What can we do to help prevent air pollution?
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We can walk and ride bicycles more.
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What does that mean, if we walk and ride bicycles?
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Because it means less driving.
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If we walk or we ride a bicycle, we're not in a car, we're not in a taxi, we're not in a bus.
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Those things cause air pollution.
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But walking doesn't cause pollution, riding a bike doesn't cause pollution, so that's how we can stop air pollution,
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walking and riding bicycles more.
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Less driving.
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If we do that, we don't drive as much or we don't use the bus, maybe less buses.
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less pollution.
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Less driving means less pollution.
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That's one way we can do something to help stop air pollution.
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We talked about air pollution, that was one of the types of pollution.
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Now let's talk about water pollution.
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Water is something we use every day.
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Of course you should drink lots of water every day.
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I I hope you take a shower every day.
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I should take a shower.
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No, I'm just kidding.
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Okay, but sure, we take a shower every day, or we go to the sauna.
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We need clean water for these things.
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You don't want to take a bath in dirty water.
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That's yuck, yuck, right?
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Okay, okay.
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So water is something we use every day.
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We need it to cook, we clean, and to live, right?
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Our mother uses clean water to cook.
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I said we take a shower, we go to the sauna, we clean things with clean water, and we live, we need water to drink.
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But sometimes harmful things mix with our water, right?
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Like this, blech, terrible, horrible.
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This dirty, disgusting water is mixing with the clean water in the river.
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It's making the whole river dirty, right?
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Water pollution is when the water is not clean.
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So this water is not clean.
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So this is water pollution.
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That's when harmful things mix with our water.
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We don't want that.
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People put trash and other bad things in the ocean. So that's true.
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If people throw out their trash, sometimes people will take that trash and throw it in the ocean.
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That's horrible, that's terrible.
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I read on the internet that there is plastic bottles and plastic wrappers in the Pacific Ocean.
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It makes the size of a state of Texas in America.
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It's huge in the Pacific Ocean.
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All that trash is in the ocean.
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That's terrible.
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It makes the water dirty.
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Other bad things, other bad things like chemicals and things like that are making the ocean dirty.
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Dirty water can kill plants.
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The plants along this river might die because those plants need fresh, clean water to grow.
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Not just plants, it makes animals sick if they drink it or swim in it.
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Of course, it is dirty water.
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Dirty water makes animals sick if they drink dirty water or swim in dirty water have many its.
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These its all refer back to dirty water.
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Dirty water can kill plants, it makes animals sick, if they drink it or they swim in it.
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That's all dirty water.
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That's what dirty water does.
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However, we can help stop water pollution.
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Yes, we can do something to help stop water pollution.
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What can we do?
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Well, let's pick up the trash and keep our water clean.
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So if you see trash on the ground, instead of letting it, you know, roll down and get into a river or a stream and wash away, pick it up, put it in the right place.
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Also, keep the water clean.
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Keep the water clean.
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Don't put chemicals down your sink, right?
541
Be careful what you do with the water in your house.
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Okay, so those are things we can do to help stop water pollution.
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Okay, pollution is bad for the earth.
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Of course, we know that.
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Let's make sure.
546
Make sure means let's check.
547
Let's be careful, right?
548
Let's make sure our air and water are clean.
549
We have to make sure that our air and water are clean.
550
If we do that, if we do that, if we make sure our air and water are clean,
551
if we do that, the earth will be beautiful forever.
552
So the earth is a beautiful place, isn't it?
553
We want to keep it beautiful.
554
So we need to make sure air and water is clean.
555
Okay, that wraps up the reading passage.
556
Let's talk about our reading comprehension questions.
557
Okay, question number one, what are we talking about?
558
What is this story, this reading passage about?
559
What's it about?
560
What's the big subject.
561
Number one, it's about flowers.
562
I don't remember anything about flowers, do you?
563
I don't remember anything we were talking about flowers.
564
We didn't say flowers at all.
565
The A is not right.
566
B, fish.
567
Did we talk about fish?
568
Do you remember fish?
569
I don't remember fish.
570
There's no fish.
571
Okay, we didn't talk about fish.
572
Factories.
573
Okay, we did talk about factories, but that was just a small detail in the reading passage, right?
574
That was just a small part of the story, not the whole picture.
575
D, pollution, yeah, pollution.
576
That's what we were talking about, right?
577
D is the right answer.
578
This story is about pollution because we talked about what causes pollution.
579
We talked about how we can stop pollution.
580
We talked about air pollution.
581
We talked about water pollution.
582
So we talked all about pollution.
583
So pollution is the correct answer.
584
Number two, pollution, beep, we need a long part of the sentence, right?
585
We only have the subject.
586
What's the rest of the sentence?
587
What's true?
588
A, pollution makes the earth dirty.
589
Is that true?
590
You bet.
591
Pollution makes the earth dirty.
592
That's our answer.
593
So pollution makes the earth dirty.
594
Let's just look at B, C, and D for practice.
595
Pollution is good for plants and animals.
596
What?
597
We said pollution can kill plants and animals.
598
It's not good for plants and animals.
599
So that's not right.
600
C. Pollution is made by trees.
601
No. Pollution is made by factories, by cars, by trash, by things that we do.
602
Not by trees.
603
Trees don't make pollution.
604
If that were true, the earth would be really, really dirty.
605
All the trees would die.
606
So that's kind of a crazy answer.
607
D. Pollution helps plants grow.
608
Pollution is good for plants.
609
No, we said pollution is bad for plants.
610
So that's not right.
611
So again, our only correct answer is A.
612
Pollution makes the earth dirty.
613
Okay, let's move on.
614
Number three.
615
Now we're missing the subject, right?
616
Number two, we have the subject, we need the rest of the sentence.
617
Now we have the opposite situation.
618
We're missing the subject, we have the rest of the sentence.
619
So we need the subject.
620
The subject helps plants grow and stay green.
621
So what helps plants grow and stay green?
622
We know it's not pollution, right?
623
We saw that number two, it's not pollution.
624
We can see that right away.
625
What about A?
626
Driving cars helps plants grow and stay green.
627
Driving cars makes pollution and pollution does not help plants grow and stay green.
628
So A is wrong too.
629
What about C?
630
Clean air.
631
Clean air helps plants grow and stay green.
632
Yeah, sure.
633
We talked about that.
634
Clean air is what helps plants grow and stay green.
635
Not only clean air, but also clean water.
636
So D where it says dirty water, no, not dirty water, clean water.
637
Okay.
638
So clean air helps plants grow and stay green.
639
If it was clean water, that would also be true, but D is dirty water, so that's not right.
640
Okay, number four.
641
Dirty water, we have the subject, what's the rest of the sentence?
642
Dirty water does what?
643
A, is good for lemonade.
644
What?
645
Where did that come from, right?
646
Okay, but that's kind of funny.
647
But if you think about it, if you make lemonade, you're mixing water, lemon juice, sugar and ice, right?
648
That's a really good drink.
649
Should you use dirty water?
650
It's going to taste horrible, right?
651
We don't want dirty water.
652
That's not good for lemonade.
653
Clean water is good for lemonade.
654
Okay, dirty water helps plants grow and stay green.
655
Nope, we just saw that.
656
That's not the right answer, so let's get rid of that.
657
C, dirty water makes animals sick.
658
Uh-huh, we saw that or we read that in the reading passage.
659
Dirty water can make animals sick, can also make plants die.
660
So, C is our right answer.
661
Dirty water makes animals sick, like us too.
662
So, let's not put dirty water in our lemonade, we'll get sick, right?
663
So, dirty water makes animals sick.
664
So, looking at D, D, you know, dirty water is not harmful.
665
No, we saw that before.
666
Dirty water is harmful.
667
Dirty water is harmful.
668
So we have to change D.
669
D is not correct.
670
So our right answer is dirty water makes animals sick.
671
That's number C.
672
C is the correct answer.
673
Okay, let's review what we've learned in this lesson, especially from the reading passage.
674
We have two questions here.
675
One, how can we stop air pollution?
676
How can we prevent air pollution?
677
Do you remember some of the things we talked about?
678
What causes air pollution?
679
driving cars, vehicles like buses, taxis.
680
So what can we do?
681
Well, let's see if Dr. Pollution can help us.
682
Okay, let's see.
683
What?
684
Who is that guy?
685
That's not Dr. Pollution.
686
I don't know who that guy is.
687
Okay, anyway.
688
We can walk and ride bicycles more.
689
That's how we can stop air pollution.
690
Okay?
691
We can stop air pollution by walking, walking and riding bicycles because we don't use cars or taxis or buses.
692
Thank you.
693
I don't know who that guy is.
694
He's not very handsome, is he?
695
Okay, next one.
696
How can we stop water pollution?
697
How can we stop water pollution?
698
Now I'm a bit scared.
699
I don't know who's going to come up.
700
But think about it.
701
How can we stop water pollution?
702
What can we do?
703
In the reading passage we talked about you know, trash and making the water dirty, that causes water pollution.
704
So, are you ready?
705
You want to see who comes up?
706
Oh, no!
707
It's the same guy!
708
Oh, my gosh.
709
Okay.
710
Okay, let's pick up trash and keep our water clean.
711
That's what we need to do to stop water pollution.
712
Okay, and this guy is telling us that.
713
Who is that guy?
714
Do you know?
715
Anyway, okay, so we have two questions here.
716
How can we stop air pollution?
717
We can walk, ride bicycles.
718
How can we stop water pollution?
719
We can pick up trash, keep our water clean.
720
Okay, that was our lesson on pollution.
721
I hope you've learned a lot of good words and that you enjoyed the reading passage,
722
that you picked up some interesting ideas and some good vocabulary from the reading passage.
723
We'll see you again next time, everybody.
724
Take care.
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Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les
Deze spreekles op niveau B1 is gebaseerd op de video “Learn English”. Deze woorden komen het vaakst terug: pollution, dirty, clean, plants, smoke. Deze video bevat 724 zinnen en 5350 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 38:46. De spreker praat in een gelijkmatig tempo van ongeveer 138 woorden per minuut, prettig om te shadowen. 89% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden, dus de woordenschat is goed te volgen. 157 van de 724 zinnen zijn vragen, dus het is goede oefening voor vraagintonatie en korte antwoorden.
Belangrijke woorden in deze video
De 15 moeilijkste woorden uit de video, met uitspraak en betekenis:
| Woord | Uitspraak | Betekenis |
|---|---|---|
| pollution zelfstandig naamwoord | /pəˈluʃən/ | vervuiling, milieuverontreiniging |
| breathe werkwoord | /bɹiːð/ | ademen, ademhalen |
| harmful bijvoeglijk naamwoord | /ˈhɑɹmfl̩/ | schadelijk |
| passage zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈpæsɪd͡ʒ/ | passage |
| dirt zelfstandig naamwoord | /dɝt/ | aarde |
| bicycle zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈbaɪsɪk(ə)l/ | fiets, rijwiel |
| exhaust werkwoord | /ɪɡˈzɔst/ | uitputten, verminderen |
| noun zelfstandig naamwoord | /naʊn/ | zelfstandig naamwoord, substantief |
| verb zelfstandig naamwoord | /vɝb/ | werkwoord |
| rotten bijvoeglijk naamwoord | /ˈɹɑtn̩/ | rot, verrot |
| vocabulary zelfstandig naamwoord | /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/ | woordenschat, vocabulaire |
| garbage zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈɡɑɹ.bɪd͡ʒ/ | huisvuil, vuilnis |
| refresh werkwoord | /ɹɪˈfɹɛʃ/ | verfrissen |
| cloth zelfstandig naamwoord | /klɒθ/ | doek, kleed |
| helicopter zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈheliːˌkɔptə(ɹ)/ | helikopter, wentelwiek |
Phrasal verbs die je zult horen
| Woord | Betekenis |
|---|---|
| pick up werkwoord | oppakken, optillen |
| throw away werkwoord | weggooien |
| wrap up werkwoord | inpakken, omhullen |
| calm down werkwoord | bedaren |
Zinnen om te herhalen
Korte, volledige zinnen uit de video die je in alledaagse gesprekken kunt gebruiken:
- Another type of air pollution we'll talk about, what is this?
- Where do we all live?
- Do you know this picture?
- Have you seen this picture before?
- I don't remember anything about flowers, do you?
Grammatica in deze video
De structuren die de spreker het meest gebruikt, met de exacte woorden uit de video:
| Structuur | In de video |
|---|---|
| Voorwaardelijke zinnen if + zin, will/would + werkwoord — een voorwaarde en het gevolg | if we do that, the earth will be · If that were true, the earth would be · If it was clean water, that would also |
| Lijdende vorm be + voltooid deelwoord — het gaat om wat er gebeurt, niet om wie het doet | are made · is made · is called |
| Present perfect have/has + voltooid deelwoord — iets uit het verleden dat nu nog telt | we've already seen · Have you seen · you've just seen |
| Past continuous was/were + -ing — iets dat op een moment in het verleden bezig was | were talking · was having · was digging |
Uitspraak om op te letten
De spreker gebruikt 94 samentrekkingen en verkorte vormen, zoals don't, we're, we've. Spreek ze kort uit, zoals je ze hoort.
- De “th”-klanken: breathe /bɹiːð/, cloth /klɒθ/
- De klanken “sh” en “zh”: pollution /pəˈluʃən/, vibration /vaɪˈbɹeɪʃən/, refresh /ɹɪˈfɹɛʃ/, comprehension /ˌkɑmpɹɪˈhɛnʃn̩/, ventilation /ˌvɛntɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/
- Lange woorden — let op de klemtoon: vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, helicopter /ˈheliːˌkɔptə(ɹ)/, ventilation /ˌvɛntɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/, refrigerator /ɹɪˈfɹɪd͡ʒ.əˌɹeɪ.tɚ/
Klanken die Nederlandstaligen lastig vinden:
- Stemhebbende eindmedeklinker — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ niet verscherpen: passage /ˈpæsɪd͡ʒ/, verb /vɝb/, garbage /ˈɡɑɹ.bɪd͡ʒ/, sneeze /sniːz/, blend /blɛnd/
- /æ/ — opener dan de Nederlandse “e”: passage /ˈpæsɪd͡ʒ/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, taxi /ˈtæksi/, wrap /ɹæp/, wrapper /ˈɹæpɚ/
- /g/ — een harde plofklank, geen Nederlandse “g”: exhaust /ɪɡˈzɔst/, garbage /ˈɡɑɹ.bɪd͡ʒ/, gazelle /ɡəˈzɛl/, gasoline /ˈɡæs.ə.liːn/, gosh /ɡɑːʃ/
Zo oefen je met deze video
- Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
- Spreek zin voor zin na op normale snelheid en herhaal elke zin tot je ritme gelijk is aan dat van de spreker.
- Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als pollution, breathe, harmful.
Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?
Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.