Prática de Shadowing: The Tragic Story of William Sidis: The Man Smarter Than Einstein - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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On July 13, 1944, William James Situs's landlord found him unconscious in his small boarding house in Boston.
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He had suffered a severe stroke and was close to death.
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William might have been the most intelligent person who ever lived.
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His IQ was estimated to be between 250 and 300.
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For comparison, Albert Einstein's IQ was estimated at around 200.
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William's parents were highly intelligent Jewish immigrants from Ukraine.
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His father, Boris Cytus, was a famous psychologist, and his mother, Sarah Cytus, attended medical school when very few women could.
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William, who was also called Billy, learned the alphabet when he was only six months old.
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By the age of 18 months, he was already able to read the New York Times.
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He even entered Harvard University at the young age of 11.
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After his graduation, William told journalists that he planned to live a perfect life.
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However, things did not happen as he expected.
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William James Situs was born in New York City on April 1, 1998.
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Violent anti-Semitic attacks in Ukraine, which belonged to the Russian Empire at the time, forced his parents to move to America.
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They met there when Boris taught Sarah English.
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She encouraged him to study at Harvard, where he focused on psychology, and later used his knowledge to shape his son's mind.
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He often quoted an old saying, meaning that parents should start guiding their children's minds in the right direction as early as possible.
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William's parents believed his incredible intelligence came from his education and upbringing, rather than just good genes.
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Even when he was a baby, they treated him like a mature adult.
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When he was just a few months old, his parents put some food and a spoon in front of him.
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They allowed William to watch them, and he quickly learned how to feed himself.
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His mother remembered that he shouted with joy because nobody taught him.
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He had figured it out on his own.
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This logical way of thinking was also how his parents chose to teach him spelling.
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Instead of memorizing words, William learned to spell by understanding deep patterns and structures.
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For example, if he learned the word bat with blocks,
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he understood that changing the letter a to e would create a completely new word with a different meaning.
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Similarly, William mastered eight different languages by the age of eight by understanding basic grammatical rules.
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In addition to English, he spoke Latin, Greek, German, Russian, Hebrew, Turkish, French, and Armenian.
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As a child, he even created his own language called Vendorgud, which was influenced by various European languages.
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Instead of listening to normal fairy tales at bedtime, his parents read him Greek myths, which also taught him about the planets.
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For instance, the planet Jupiter is named after the Roman god, which comes from Zeus in Greek mythology.
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For him, every single moment was a chance to gain knowledge.
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William had no free time or interest in playing with childhood toys.
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He never played sports or participated in games during school breaks.
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His father believed that these childish activities were completely foolish and a waste of time.
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For an unknown reason, he also had a terrible fear of dogs.
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His only real fun was riding on streetcars when his parents took him to visit museums, libraries, parks, and zoos.
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By the time he reached his 20s, he had collected 1,600 streetcar transfers.
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William finished elementary school in less than a year and completed high school in just six weeks.
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His mother later noted that newspapers never missed an opportunity to try to prove he was crazy, psychotic, or simply a freak.
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In reality, Billy was a completely normal child in every way.
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but the media attention followed him all the way to Harvard.
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The newspapers often portrayed him as an annoying know-it-all, like in a famous New Yorker cartoon, where he was shown lecturing a group of adult men.
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After entering Harvard at the age of 11, he gave a famous lecture to the Mathematical Club about the fourth dimension,
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which is an extension beyond the three-dimensional space we normally experience.
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In this talk, he discussed complex shapes with many sides in the fourth dimension,
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showing his incredible ability to understand deep mathematical concepts far beyond his years.
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A professor from MIT who attended the lecture confidently predicted that young Siddis would become a great astronomical mathematician.
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However, this never happened.
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In fact, he grew to hate mathematics.
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Shortly after giving that lecture, he became ill, and it immediately made the news.
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The media reported that he had suffered a severe mental breakdown, which was a false rumor that followed him for his entire life.
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During his recovery, he lived with his family on a large estate in New Hampshire, which was also the location of the sanatorium his father was running,
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called the CITIS Psychotherapeutic Institute.
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When William returned to Harvard several months later, he could never fit in again.
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His biographer, Amy Wallace, described him as a complete freak in the eyes of his fellow students.
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He lacked social skills, had absolutely no interest in sports or girls, and was several years younger than everyone else.
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When he graduated from Harvard, he told reporters that he wanted to live the perfect life, and the only way to do that was to live in total seclusion,
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because he had always hated crowds.
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He described his idea of a perfect life in a paper he wrote about a utopian society called Hesperia.
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The constitution of Hesperia began with the phrase, we the people, which was very similar to the US Constitution.
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However, that was where the similarities ended.
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In Hesperia, anyone who wanted citizenship had to pass a difficult intelligence test.
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Traditional marriage was completely forbidden, while polygamy was legal.
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Interestingly, children were not raised by their biological parents.
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Instead, young boys were put under the care of male guardians, and young girls were raised by female guardians.
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Through these ideas, he clearly rejected the heavy influence of his parents, especially his controlling mother.
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After leaving Harvard, he accepted a position to teach mathematics at the Rice Institute, which is now known as Rice University, in Houston.
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He was only 17 years old at the time.
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Just like his experience at Harvard, William could not fit in at Rice.
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The university students often teased him because he had never kissed a girl.
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Some girls even faked crushes on him just as a joke.
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He stayed at Rice for only eight months and then decided to enroll at Harvard Law School in the autumn of 1916.
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However, for an unknown reason, he suddenly quit during his final semester and failed to earn his law degree.
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His mother was extremely angry about this decision.
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She falsely told people that her son had to stop his studies
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because Harvard Law School closed down due to World War I.
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which was completely untrue.
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William was strongly anti-war.
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He refused to register for the military draft
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and would have gone to prison if the armistice of 1918 had not ended the First World War.
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He was deeply passionate about politics.
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He was briefly imprisoned after leading a May Day rally in Boston,
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which was an anti-war and workers' rights demonstration organized by socialists that eventually turned violent.
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This protest carried a powerful anti-war message.
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He rebelled against the capitalist system,
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the very system that had allowed his parents to rise from poor immigrants to highly successful members of American society.
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While he was in jail, he met and fell deeply in love with Martha Foley, a 20-year-old Irish girl who grew up in Boston.
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Before this event, a headline in the Boston Herald had declared that Harvard's Wonderboy vowed never to marry.
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At the age of 16, he had stated that women did not appeal to him and that he lived by 154 strict rules.
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However, after his arrest, his feelings changed completely, and he followed Martha to New York.
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Although they shared a kiss, Martha made it clear to him that they would never have a romantic relationship.
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William's unrequited love deeply affected the direction of his life.
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His close friend, Julius Eichel, later mentioned that Siddis admitted Martha's love could have worked miracles for him.
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Because of his deep feelings, he carried a small photograph of her in his pocket until the final day of his life.
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Martha later married a writer and became famous for co-founding the literary magazine called Story.
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When she published her memoirs, she mentioned William briefly in just one line, describing him as the famous and tragic prodigy who was the very first boy to court her.
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Despite his incredible brilliance, William failed to achieve great success in life, and any of his work that showed true potential was completely overlooked.
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In 1925, he published a scientific book that challenged the second law of thermodynamics.
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This law is the scientific principle stating that the universe is moving toward a state of heat death, where all energy becomes evenly spread out.
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When this happens, there will be no energy left to power any processes, and nothing in the universe will be able to move, change, or live.
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In his book, The Animate and the Inanimate, William explored the unique possibility of reversing the direction of the universe.
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He theorized that living things could find and use a hidden source of energy to fight against this natural process.
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He used the example of a ball bouncing down a flight of stairs.
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If you play that film in reverse, it looks exactly as if an unseen energy source is pushing the ball up the stairs.
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He admitted that his scientific work was speculative and his theory was never proven.
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Unfortunately, nobody took it seriously from the beginning, and the book was entirely ignored without a single review during its time.
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He only made headlines for being a child prodigy and for his strange private life, but nobody paid any attention to his academic research.
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As a result, he stopped writing about physics, mathematics, and cosmology completely.
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While living in New York, he took on simple, low-paying jobs,
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including working as an operator in an office using an early mechanical calculator called a comptometer.
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The newspapers were always eager to print embarrassing headlines about the former wonder boy earning an average wage of only $23 a week.
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He carefully hid his high intelligence from his co-workers, and whenever they discovered his true identity, he would immediately leave and find a new job.
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He refused to accept any high-paying positions that required him to use his intellect.
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Once, a railway company offered him a job to help them solve their difficult technical problems.
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But one of the officials later found him crying.
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William told him that he simply could not bear the thought of doing mathematics.
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Another time, a cousin desperately needed his math skills to help solve a dental problem regarding the alignment of teeth.
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He offered William $3,000, dollars, which is worth about $55,000 today, for a task that would have taken him only two hours.
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Williams strictly refused.
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His biographer concluded that he could not take any job involving complex calculations without risking serious emotional and physical illness.
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His entire life had been defined by heavy pressure to perform at an elite level, which came at the expense of mastering basic life skills.
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He once confessed to an aunt that no one had ever taught him how to tie his shoelaces.
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His parents had provided him with an exceptional academic education, yet they completely failed to teach him the basics of personal grooming.
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He did not shave regularly, always wore a worn-out cap, and reportedly rarely bathed, creating a terrible smell.
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When his father suffered a stroke and died in October 1923, William did not attend the funeral.
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According to his biographer, the reason was that he completely refused to see his mother, as he deeply hated the way she had dominated him during his childhood.
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They never reconciled.
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Interestingly, his parents did not raise their other child with the same extreme intensity.
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William's younger sister, Helena, did not receive a formal elementary or high school education,
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Helena explained that her father had become so tired and disappointed with William's situation that he did not want to educate her, and she was also seriously ill as a child.
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Nevertheless, she did very well under the gentle guidance of her brother, who personally taught her how to read and write, allowing her to pass the entrance exams to attend university.
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In his 30s, Williams settled back in Boston, again working simple jobs.
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The media had another big moment when they discovered he was working as a lowly office clerk.
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An unkind article in a Boston Daily newspaper noted that William James Sittis,
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now 39, was once expected by famous scientists to become a great innovator like Einstein or Marconi,
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yet a writer found him living unknown, uncaring, and alone in a dark, small room.
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His health also began to decline quickly.
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He was overweight and suffered from high blood pressure, which eventually caused a severe stroke, the exact same medical condition that had taken his father.
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On July 17, 1944, William James Sittis died of a cerebral hemorrhage, which led to pneumonia, at the age of 46.
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He was buried right beside his father in New Hampshire.
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Did his parents push him too far?
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A faculty member at Rice University,
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where William briefly taught, Dr. Garrard believed that William was not a victim of the intensive education given by his father,
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nor of the curse of genius, but rather of the thoughtless cruelty of the public.
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Yet, the New York Times had once excitedly described William James Sittis as a wonderfully successful result of a scientific forcing experiment,
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making him one of the most interesting mental phenomena in human history.
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Thank you for watching and see you in the next story.
Por que praticar a fala com este vídeo?
Praticar a fala com um vídeo como "A Trágica História de William Sidis: O Homem Mais Inteligente Que Einstein" oferece uma excelente oportunidade para melhorar a pronúncia em inglês e expandir o vocabulário. O contexto da história de William Sidis, um prodígio intelectual, proporciona temas ricos para discussão, além de apresentar novas expressões e estrutura gramatical. Através da técnica de shadowing, que consiste em repetir as falas do vídeo em tempo real, você poderá melhorar a fluência e adquirir uma pronúncia mais natural. Este método é especialmente eficaz para aprender inglês com YouTube, pois possibilita uma imersão auditiva e visual ao mesmo tempo, facilitando a retenção do conhecimento.
Gramática & Expressões em Contexto
No vídeo, diversas estruturas gramaticais e expressões são utilizadas que são fundamentais para um domínio mais avançado do inglês. Aqui estão alguns exemplos que você pode observar e praticar:
- Uso do passado simples: Frases como "William foi encontrado inconsciente" mostram como narrar eventos passados de forma eficaz.
- Construção de frases com previsão: A expressão "um professor previu que ele se tornaria um grande matemático" ensina a construção de frases que expressam previsões e expectativas.
- Estruturas comparativas: O uso de comparações, como "Seu QI era estimado entre 250 e 300", é uma forma importante de descrever relações numéricas.
- Expressões idiomáticas: Frases como "ele não teve interesse em brincar" demonstram como as expressões cotidianas podem enriquecer a conversação.
Truques Comuns de Pronúncia
Enquanto você assiste ao vídeo, preste atenção em algumas palavras e expressões que podem ser desafiadoras na pronúncia:
- Inconsciente (unconscious) – A pronúncia correta pode ser complicada. Tente praticar a sílaba tônica e a fluidez.
- Matemático (mathematician) – Esta palavra contém erros comuns que os falantes não nativos costumam cometer. Divida em sílabas ao praticar.
- Inteligente (intelligent) – Aprender a articular corretamente essa palavra pode ajudar na sua fluência e clareza ao falar.
Ao focar nessas armadilhas de pronúncia e utilizar a técnica de shadow speak, você poderá superar esses desafios e se aproximar da pronúncia nativa.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.