ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Why the Himalayas Are Becoming a Disaster Zone | The Palki Sharma Show | IGR | India Global Review

And this brings us to the Himalayas.

Did you know that they're the world's youngest mountain system?

The Himalayas were formed some 50 to 70 million years ago.

And yes, that is young in geographical terms, 50 to 70 million years.

And these mountain ranges are like the roof of the world.

They're home to some of the highest peaks on earth and the source of some of Asia's greatest rivers.

But for millions of people living here, the Himalayas are becoming something else.

A place where disaster can come down anytime with almost no warning.

Look at what happened in Nepal and Tibet.

The floods came down in minutes.

There was no warning or even time for a warning.

It wasn't the first of its kind and it won't be the last.

It's a pattern we have seen over the last decade.

In 2013, there were massive floods in India's Uttarakhand.

More than 5,000 people were killed.

In 2021, another flood in India's Chamoli.

This too, in the state of Uttarakhand.

In 2023, it was Sikkim.

A glacial collapse into a lake caused tsunami-like waves, very similar to what we saw in Nepal.

55 people died.

In 2024, there were deadly floods in Nepal.

244 people were killed.

And now this in 2026.

Another catastrophe in the Nepal Tibet border region different countries different rivers different triggers

but the same mountains so why are the Himalayas

so vulnerable the simple answer is this the Himalayas look solid

but they're still under construction like I said this is the youngest major mountain range on earth it was created

when the Indian plate collided with the Eurasian plate.

That collision has not stopped.

These mountains are still rising.

The ground is still under pressure.

The rock is still fractured, which means earthquakes, landslides and slope failures are not an anomaly.

They're part of the process.

The second factor is the terrain itself.

Imagine building a city on a giant staircase, except the stairs in this case are made of rock.

So the base is incredibly steep and it's constantly cracking.

That is why life in many Himalayan valleys can look very tough.

This is what it looks like.

A small landslide upstream can block a river.

Water can build up behind it.

And when that natural dam breaks, the entire valley below becomes a flood channel.

And then there is the ice.

The Himalayas are known as the Third Pole.

That's because they hold tens of thousands of glaciers.

In fact, they hold the largest reserve of ice and snow outside the Arctic and Antarctic.

Hence the name the Third Pole.

Now for thousands of years, this ice served as a glue.

It held together high-altitude landscapes.

The glaciers supported slopes.

The frozen ground kept the rock and soil stable.

But as temperatures rise, this natural glue is weakening.

Glaciers are retreating, new lakes are forming, and ice and rock are becoming unstable.

This creates a very dangerous possibility, a glacial collapse, like the one that happened yesterday.

Plus, humans are adding another layer of risk.

We want more roads through the mountains, more hotels, more towns, more dams, more hydropower projects, and of course, more tourists.

The problem is, the mountains do not care about our development plans.

When you cut into a slope to widen a road, you can weaken it.

And when entire valleys are filled with hotels and infrastructure, the cost of a single disaster can multiply.

Plus, this region attracts a lot of tourists.

Pilgrims who go to Kedarnath, Badrinath, Amarnath, Hemkun Sahib and Kelash Mansurobar.

Thousands of pilgrims visit every year.

Many others come for adventure, like a trek to the Everest-based camp or through Ladakh or to visit the many tourist spots.

That makes the Himalayas one of the world's greatest tourist destinations.

It helps the local economy, but it also poses a problem.

You cannot tell people to abandon the mountains.

You have to find a way to bring development without increasing the risk of disaster.

You cannot stop an earthquake or a glacier melting, but you can have better warning and response systems.

And that begins with better monitoring, watching high-risk glacial lakes, monitoring rainfall, tracking landslides, using satellites and sensors,

and most importantly turning that information into a warning that people can actually use.

And this is not something that one country can do alone.

The Himalayas span multiple countries.

The rivers cross borders, so the floods cross borders.

What happens high up in China or Nepal can affect communities downstream in India.

So if the mountain does not stop at the border checkpoint, the data should not stop either.

Himalayan countries need to share information faster, especially before a disaster.

The warning systems need to be more robust and the flow of information seamless.

Because we can't look at the same thing every year and call it a surprise.

The Himalayas may be unpredictable, but our failure to prepare should not be.

Thank you.

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ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Why the Himalayas Are Becoming a Disaster Zone | The Palki Sharma Show | IGR | India Global Review

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