跟读练习: Doctor explains TESTICULAR LUMPS: PART 1 - EPIDIDYMAL CYSTS (causes, symptoms and treatments) - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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In this video we're going to cover key things
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In this video we're going to cover key things
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that you need to know about something called an epididymal cyst
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which is a harmless fluid filled growth or lump on a man's testicle which is also known as the testes.
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These are quite common and don't usually require treatment and in this video we're going to cover what they are,
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symptoms, treatment options and when you should see your doctor about a lump on the testicle.
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So the vast majority of testicular lumps and swellings are caused by benign
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or non-cancerous conditions that may not need treatment
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but it's important to know what's normal for you and
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so always see your doctor if you notice any changes in your testicle
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or lumps so they can try to identify the cause.
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So first of all let's start off the video by covering what is an epididymal cyst.
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Well a cyst is just any small bulge that's filled with fluid and cysts can grow almost anywhere in the body.
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The epididymus is the name of the little tubes just above the testicle
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and this picture will show you where the epididymus is.
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So all this means is that an epididymal cyst is a harmless growth
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that grows from the tubes just around a man's testicle.
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So who develops epididymal cysts?
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Well men are most likely to develop these cysts during middle age and children rarely get them before they become teenagers.
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It's hard to give you an exact percentage of boys
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or men who've got epididymal cysts because most people who've got them don't know that they do.
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So if you have an epididymal cyst what might you feel?
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Well you might feel a soft slightly squidgy lump at the top or bottom of your testicle which is normally painless.
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They don't tend to get infected or affect your ability to pass urine or to ejaculate or pass sperm.
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So what else could it be?
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So a lump in the testicle could be lots of different things
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and I'll make a video at a later date about some of these specific things in more detail
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but it could be inflammation.
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So some illnesses cause a thickening of the epididymis and surrounding structures which can feel like an epididymal cyst.
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It could be a hydroseal.
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This is caused by a collection of fluid in the scrotum.
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It could be a varicocele.
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This is like varicose veins and the small veins next to one of the testicles or both testes.
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It's usually described like feeling like a wriggling bag of worms.
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It could also be a lipoma.
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This is a fatty lump which can sometimes cause difficulty
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because it can be felt separate from the testicle just like an epididymal cyst.
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In rare cases testicular lumps could be a sign of testicular cancer.
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It's important to remember that there are many other causes of lumps in the testicle other than cancer
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and Cancer Research UK estimates that fewer than four in every hundred testicular lumps are cancerous.
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So people often ask do you need any tests for an epididymal cyst?
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Usually they are quite typical in the way that they feel
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and the doctor can normally tell it's a cyst by feeling it
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but sometimes they might arrange an ultrasound scan which is a jelly scan of your scrotum.
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Some people also ask are there any illnesses associated with epididymal cysts.
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Now most men with epididymal cysts are quite healthy and they can develop at random.
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However there are some quite rare conditions that are associated with epididymal cysts and these include cystic fibrosis.
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This is an inherited illness where there are cysts in the lungs, pancreas and other areas of the body as well as polycystic kidney disease.
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This is again an inherited condition in which cysts develop in the kidneys and again in other parts of the body.
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It's also important to note
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that men who have epididymal cysts are not at increased risk of infertility if they are otherwise well and healthy.
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So now we know what they are and what they can feel like, what is the treatment for epididymal cysts?
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Well if the cyst is small
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and causing you no problems then your doctor might advise you to keep an eye on it
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and see them again if it gets bigger or more painful.
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In certain cases surgical removal might be necessary if they become painful or don't start to shrink.
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Large or painful cysts can be surgically removed or treated by aspiration.
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This means drawing out the fluid, an injection of a substance to shrink and seal the cyst.
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Usually epididymal cysts don't cause any problems at all, but very occasionally they can twist around and become very painful.
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This is something called torsion and it happens pretty quickly, typically within about half an hour.
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So if you experience sudden or really severe pain in your testicles, it's really important to contact your doctor immediately and visit your nearest accident
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and emergency or emergency room because urgent surgery might be required to save your testicle.
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This needs to be done within a few hours.
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Finally, remember that you should see a doctor if you notice any lumps, swelling or changes in your testicles.
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And it's important to regularly check your testicles to know what's normal for you.
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I've included a link in the description section of this video with a guide of how to check your testicles correctly.
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If you have noticed a lump then your doctor will ask you about your symptoms
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and examine your testicles to try and identify the cause of the problem.
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In some cases you might be referred for other tests such
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as the ultrasound scan of your scrotum to confirm what the lump is.
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关于本节课
在本节课中，您将学习一些与睾丸囊肿相关的英语词汇和短语，了解睾丸囊肿的成因、症状和治疗方案。通过观看相关视频，您将能够加深对这一医学话题的理解，同时提升您的口语能力。这将有助于您的雅思口语练习和一般英语口语练习，尤其是在医疗和健康相关的领域。通过重复视频中的对话，您将能有效掌握与此主题相关的表达。
关键词汇与短语
- 睾丸囊肿 (epididymal cyst)
- 良性症状 (benign conditions)
- 无症状 (asymptomatic)
- 检查 (medical examination)
- 超声波扫描 (ultrasound scan)
- 不育症 (infertility)
- 液体积聚 (fluid collection)
- 遗传疾病 (inherited conditions)
练习技巧
在进行英语口语练习时，建议您采用“shadowspeak”（影子讲话）的方法。观看视频时，尽量跟随讲解者的语速和语调进行模仿。根据视频内容的语速，选择合适的段落反复练习。以下是一些具体建议：
- 注意语调：视频中讲解时的语调变化能够帮助您理解如何在日常对话中表达不同的情感和语气。
- 跟读和停顿：在视频的适当位置进行停顿，然后尝试模仿讲解者的语音和发音。
- 使用重复：反复观看同一段落，直到您可以毫不费力地复述出来。这种重复有助于增强记忆并提高您的说话流利度。
- 录音对比：在练习时录下自己的发音，之后与视频中的原声音频进行对比，以发现并改正发音上的细微差异。
通过这些练习，您将能够在观看YouTube学英语时，增强医学类话题的表达能力，提高雅思口语的应对能力。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。