跟读练习: How friendship affects your brain - Shannon Odell - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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Friendships can hold an exceptional place in our life stories.
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Friendships can hold an exceptional place in our life stories.
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What is it about these connections that make them so unique?
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Before we dive into the science, let’s first observe one in action.
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If I could somehow design a best friend, you know, put together all the ideal qualities of my perfect match, that person would pale in comparison to Priya.
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She can turn any situation into a good time— chemistry lab, band practice.
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What I’m trying to say is I never laugh harder than when I’m with Priya.
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And she’s always there for me.
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Like last year after I got dumped by Te— you know what?
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I don’t even want to mention their name.
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It felt like my whole world was crashing down.
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But as soon as I told Priya, boom, she was at my door.
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I was a wreck, but she sat there with me and listened.
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We’re always on the same page; it’s as if we can read each other’s minds!
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And we can talk for hours— about anything.
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I know my mom would say she has the phone bills to prove it.
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If it seems like friendships formed in adolescence are particularly special, that’s because they are.
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Early childhood, adolescent, and adult friendships all manifest a little differently in part because the brain works in different ways at those stages of life.
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Adolescence is a unique time when peer relationships take focus, and thanks to the developing brain, there are changes in the way you value, understand, and connect to friends.
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Teenage friends can seem attached at the hip.
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Scientists describe adolescence as a social reorientation as teenagers begin to spend as much or more time with their friends than with their parents.
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This drive to hang with pals may be due to changes in the brain’s reward center, known as the ventral striatum.
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Its activation makes hanging out with others enjoyable and motivates you to spend more time with them.
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Neuroimaging studies show that this region is highly reactive during your teenage years, which may explain why adolescents seem to place a higher value on social interactions than children or adults.
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Teenage friendships can also feel more intimate than the friendships of your childhood.
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This deeper connection is possible thanks to improvements in what scientists call Theory of Mind.
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Theory of Mind is the ability to understand others’ emotions, thoughts, motivations, and points of view, and to realize that they may be different from your own.
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While it may seem intuitive, this ability hinges on the careful coordination of various brain regions, sometimes referred to as the social brain.
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Babies begin to develop Theory of Mind around 18 months or so.
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Before that, it’s thought they believe that everyone perceives and knows exactly what they know.
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It was once considered to be fully developed by age five, but scientists now know that Theory of Mind continues to improve and mature well into your teenage years and beyond.
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Likewise, regions within the social brain show increased connectivity during adolescence compared with childhood.
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As a result, teens can better understand their friend’s perspectives, allowing for deeper connections to flourish.
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In the closest friendships, it can almost feel as if you’re metaphysically connected— two bodies and minds, perfectly in sync.
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And there is science to this!
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Your ability to connect with others somewhat depends on the coordination of actions, emotions, physiology, and thoughts.
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This is what psychologists call interpersonal synchrony.
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You first show signs of the ability to sync with others as infants— synchronizing movements and babbling with your parents.
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As you get older and spend more time outside the home, you increasingly show this synchrony with your peers.
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For example, imagine walking down the street with a friend.
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Often without consciously thinking, you stroll at the same pace and follow the same path.
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You and your best friend may not be only on the same page, but also scientifically, in step.
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关于本节课
在本节课中，你将通过观察和分析友谊对大脑的影响来提升你的英语口语技能。通过观看视频的转录内容，你可以学习如何表达友谊的复杂性，以及在不同人生阶段，特别是青春期，友谊如何改变我们的情感和社交互动。这节课旨在帮助你提高对话能力，同时增强你对英语表达的理解。
关键词汇与短语
- friendship（友谊）
- adolescence（青春期）
- social interactions（社交互动）
- Theory of Mind（心智理论）
- interpersonal synchrony（人际同步）
- emotions（情感）
- connections（联系）
- reward center（奖励中心）
练习建议
在这个视频中，友谊的表达是非常生动和富有感染力的。为了充分理解和模仿这种表达方式，建议你在看YouTube学英语时，结合音频和视频进行shadowing练习。你可以选择跟随视频中的语速，通过重复他人的话来提高你的发音和语调。由于视频的语速适中，非常适合用于
英语口语练习和雅思口语练习。
记得多听几遍，注意那些关键短语，如“like last year after I got dumped”或“we’re always on the same page”，这些能够提高你的表达能力，并帮助你精准有效地进行日常交流。利用这种人际同步的概念，当你与他人交流时，试着寻找共同的节奏和情感连接，这将提升你与朋友的互动质量。
你还可以利用shadowspeaks等shadowing site去寻找更多学习资源，帮助你在与朋友交流时更加自信。通过练习这些小技巧，你将能更自然地表达对友情的理解和感受，并在日常会话中运用自如。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。