跟读练习: Is it normal to talk to yourself? - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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As your morning alarm blares, you mutter to yourself, “Why did I set it so early?” While brushing your teeth, you think, “I need a haircut... unless?” Rushing out the front door, you reach for your keys and realize they’re not there.
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36 句
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As your morning alarm blares, you mutter to yourself, “Why did I set it so early?” While brushing your teeth, you think, “I need a haircut... unless?” Rushing out the front door, you reach for your keys and realize they’re not there.
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Frustrated you shout, “I can’t do anything right!” just in time to notice your neighbor.
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Being caught talking to yourself can feel embarrassing, and some people even stigmatize this behavior as a sign of mental instability.
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But decades of psychology research show that talking to yourself is completely normal.
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In fact, most, if not all, of us engage in some form of self-talk every single day.
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So why do we talk to ourselves?
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And does what we say matter?
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Self-talk refers to the narration inside your head, sometimes called inner speech.
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It differs from mental imagery or recalling facts and figures.
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Specifically, psychologists define self-talk as verbalized thoughts directed toward yourself or some facet of your life.
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This includes personal conversations like “I need to work on my free throw.” But it also includes reflections you have throughout the day, like “The gym is crowded tonight. I’ll come back tomorrow.” And while most self-talk in adults tends to be silent, speaking to yourself out loud also falls into this category.
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In fact, psychologists believe our first experiences with self-talk are mostly vocal, as children often speak to themselves out loud as they play.
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In the 1930s, Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky hypothesized that this kind of speech was actually key to development.
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By repeating conversations they’ve had with adults, children practice managing their behaviors and emotions on their own.
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Then, as they grow older, this outward self-talk tends to become internalized, morphing into a private inner dialogue.
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We know this internal self-talk is important, and can help you plan, work through difficult situations, and even motivate you throughout the day.
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But studying self-talk can be difficult.
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It relies on study subjects clearly tracking a behavior that’s spontaneous and often done without conscious control.
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For this reason, scientists are still working to answer basic questions, like, why do some people self-talk more than others?
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What areas of the brain are activated during self-talk?
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And how does this activation differ from normal conversation?
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One thing we know for certain, however, is that what you say in these conversations can have real impacts on your attitude and performance.
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Engaging in self-talk that’s instructional or motivational has been shown to increase focus, boost self-esteem, and help tackle everyday tasks.
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For example, one study of collegiate tennis players found that incorporating instructional self-talk into practice increased their concentration and accuracy.
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And just as chatting to a friend can help decrease stress, speaking directly to yourself may also help you regulate your emotions.
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Distanced self-talk is when you talk to yourself, as if in conversation with another person.
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So, rather than “I’m going to crush this exam,” you might think, “Caleb, you are prepared for this test!” One study found that this kind of self-talk was especially beneficial for reducing stress when engaging in anxiety-inducing tasks, such as meeting new people or public speaking.
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But where positive self-talk can help you, negative self-talk can harm you.
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Most people are critical of themselves occasionally, but when this behavior gets too frequent or excessively negative, it can become toxic.
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High levels of negative self-talk are often predictive of anxiety in children and adults.
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And those who constantly blame themselves for their problems and ruminate on those situations typically experience more intense feelings of depression.
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Today, there’s a field of psychological treatment called cognitive behavioral therapy, or CBT, which is partially focused on regulating the tone of self-talk.
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Cognitive behavioral therapists often teach strategies to identify cycles of negative thoughts and replace them with neutral or more compassionate reflections.
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Over time, these tools can improve one's mental health.
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So the next time you find yourself chatting with yourself, remember to be kind.
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That inner voice is a partner you’ll be talking to for many years to come.
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关于本课
欢迎来到这节特别的英语学习课程！本视频“Is it normal to talk to yourself?”深入探讨了自言自语这一普遍现象的心理学意义。你将了解到为什么我们都会有内心独白，它对我们的发展、规划和情绪调节有何帮助，以及积极的自我对话与消极的自我对话如何影响我们的态度和表现。通过本课，你将练习以下内容：
- 词汇主题：日常习惯、情绪表达、心理学概念、自我反思。
- 语法模式：描述现象、解释原因、给出建议、对比分析。
- 口语场景：讨论心理健康、表达个人感受、进行自我激励、理解复杂概念。这对于提升你的英语口语练习和英语流利度非常有益，尤其是当你在思考和表达抽象概念时。
重要词汇和短语
以下是视频中一些有用的英语短语和词汇，附带中文解释，助你更好地理解和运用：
- mutter to yourself - (自言自语，低声抱怨) 指低声地跟自己说话，通常带着某种情绪。
- stigmatize this behavior - (污名化这种行为) 指给某种行为贴上负面标签，使其受人鄙视。
- engage in some form of self-talk - (进行某种形式的自我对话) 指参与到与自己对话的行为中。
- inner speech/dialogue - (内心独白/对话) 指在头脑中进行的无声的思考或对话。
- work through difficult situations - (解决困难情况) 指通过努力和思考来克服挑战或问题。
- instructional or motivational self-talk - (指导性或激励性自我对话) 指给予自己方向或鼓励的自我对话。
- regulate your emotions - (调节你的情绪) 指控制或调整自己的情绪状态。
- cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) - (认知行为疗法) 一种心理治疗方法，专注于改变负面思维模式。
本视频练习技巧
为了充分利用这个视频提升你的英语能力，以下是一些具体的跟读技巧建议：
- 语速：视频语速适中，发音清晰。建议你首先听懂每个句子，然后尝试模仿主播的语速和节奏。不必强求第一次就完全跟上，循序渐进地加快，这将有效提升你的英语流利度。
- 发音和语调：主播的发音练习非常标准且清晰。请特别注意单词的重音、句子的升降调以及连读。模仿这些细节能让你的英语听起来更自然。
- 话题难度：视频内容涉及心理学概念，属于中高级难度。对于雅思口语Part 3等需要讨论抽象话题的场景，这是一个很好的练习素材。你可以尝试总结视频观点，并用自己的话表达出来。
- 反思与应用：听完视频后，尝试用英语思考视频中提到的“积极自我对话”的例子，或用英语描述你今天遇到一个问题时，是如何进行“自我对话”来解决的。这将帮助你将所学词汇和概念融入日常生活，真正做到学以致用。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。
如何在ShadowingEnglish上有效练习
- 选择您的视频： 挑选一段语音清晰、自然的YouTube视频。TED演讲，BBC新闻，电影片段，播客或雅思口语范例都很好。将URL粘贴到搜索栏中。从较短的视频（短于5分钟）以及您真正感兴趣的内容开始——兴趣是最重要的导师。
- 先听，理解上下文： 第一次听的时候，将速度保持在1倍速并仅仅倾听。还不要尝试重复。专注于理解其含义，收集新词汇，并注意讲话人如何强调单词，连读声音及使用停顿。
- 设置跟读模式：
- 等待模式：选择
+3s或+5s——在每句话播放完毕后，视频会自动暂停以便您有时间大声重复它。如果您想完全控制并在每次重复后由您自己点击下一步，请选择手动。 - 字幕同步：YouTube字幕有时会在音频前或后略微出现。使用
±100ms使它们完美对齐以助您准确跟读。
- 等待模式：选择
- 大声跟读（核心练习）： 这是真正发生改变的一步。当一个句子播放出来立刻——或在暂停期间——大声、清晰且自信地重复出来。千万不要只是张张嘴：要模仿说话者的准确节奏、重音、音高和连读。力求听上去就像说话者的影子，而不仅是逐字背诵。使用重复功能多次练习同一个句子，直到感觉自然为止。
- 提高难度： 当练习段落变得相对舒适后，就去挑战自我。将速度增加至 <code>1.25x</code> 或甚至 <code>1.5x</code> 以训练高速语言反射。或者将等待模式调整为 <code>关闭</code> 以进行连续跟读——这是最进阶同样收益最大的模式。持续的每日15–30分钟的练习将可以在几周内产生可见的效果。