跟读练习: Is it normal to talk to yourself? - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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As your morning alarm blares,
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As your morning alarm blares,
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you mutter to yourself, Why did I set it so early?
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While brushing your teeth, you think, I need a haircut.
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Unless...
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Rushing out the front door,
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you reach for your keys and realize they're not there.
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Frustrated, you shout, I can't do anything right!
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Just in time to notice your neighbor.
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Being caught talking to yourself can feel embarrassing.
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And some people even stigmatize this behavior as a sign of mental instability.
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But decades of psychology research show that talking to yourself is completely normal.
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In fact, most if not all of us engage in some form of self-talk every single day.
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So why do we talk to ourselves?
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And does what we say matter?
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Self-talk refers to the narration inside your head, sometimes called inner speech.
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It differs from mental imagery recalling facts and figures.
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Specifically, psychologists define self-talk as verbalized thoughts directed toward yourself or some facet of your life.
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This includes personal conversations, like,
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I need to work on my free throw.
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But it also includes reflections you have throughout the day,
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like, the gym's crowded tonight.
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I'll come back tomorrow.
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And while most self-talk in adults tends to be silent,
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speaking to yourself out loud also falls into this category.
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In fact, psychologists believe our first experiences with self-talk are mostly vocal,
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as children Children often speak to themselves out loud as they play.
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In the 1930s, Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky hypothesized that this kind of speech was actually key to development.
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By repeating conversations they've had with adults,
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children practice managing their behaviors and emotions on their own.
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Then as they grow older,
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this outward self-talk tends to become internalized,
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morphing into a private inner dialogue.
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We know this internal self-talk is important and can help you plan,
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work through difficult situations and even motivate you throughout the day.
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But studying self-talk can be difficult.
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It relies on study subjects clearly tracking a behavior that's spontaneous and often done without conscious control.
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For this reason, scientists are still working to answer basic questions like,
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why do some people self-talk more than others?
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What areas of the brain are activated during self-talk?
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And how does this activation differ from normal conversation?
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One thing we know for certain,
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however, is that what you say in these conversations can have real impact on your attitude and performance.
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Engaging in self-talk that's instructional or motivational has been shown to increase focus,
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boost self-esteem, and help tackle everyday tasks.
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For example, one study of collegiate tennis players found that incorporating instructional self-talk into practice increased their concentration and accuracy.
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And just as chatting to a friend can help decrease stress,
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speaking directly to yourself may also help you regulate your emotions.
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Distanced self-talk is when you talk to yourself,
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as if in conversation with another person.
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So rather than, I'm going to crush this exam,
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you might think, Caleb, you are prepared for this test.
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One study found that this kind of self-talk was especially beneficial for reducing stress when engaging in anxiety-inducing tasks,
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such as meeting new people or public speaking.
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But where positive self-talk can help you,
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negative self-talk can harm you.
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Most people are critical of themselves occasionally.
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But when this behavior gets too frequent or excessively negative,
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it can become toxic.
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High levels of negative self-talk are often predictive of anxiety in children and adults,
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and those who constantly blame themselves for their problems and ruminate on those situations typically experience more intense feelings of depression.
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Today, there's a field of psychological treatment called cognitive behavioral therapy,
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or CBT, which is partially focused on regulating the tone of self-talk.
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Cognitive behavioral therapists often teach strategies to identify cycles of negative thoughts and replace them with neutral or more compassionate reflections.
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Over time, these tools can improve one's mental health.
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So the next time you find yourself chatting with yourself,
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remember to be kind.
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That inner voice is a partner you'll be talking to for many years to come.
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Do you ever have trouble concentrating on and completing tasks?
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Learn more about the relationship between self-talk and procrastination with this video.
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Or for more actionable, science-based advice on how to build strengths of heart,
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mind, and will, visit ed.ted.com slash build character.
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关于本课
欢迎来到这节特别的英语学习课程！本视频“Is it normal to talk to yourself?”深入探讨了自言自语这一普遍现象的心理学意义。你将了解到为什么我们都会有内心独白，它对我们的发展、规划和情绪调节有何帮助，以及积极的自我对话与消极的自我对话如何影响我们的态度和表现。通过本课，你将练习以下内容：
- 词汇主题：日常习惯、情绪表达、心理学概念、自我反思。
- 语法模式：描述现象、解释原因、给出建议、对比分析。
- 口语场景：讨论心理健康、表达个人感受、进行自我激励、理解复杂概念。这对于提升你的英语口语练习和英语流利度非常有益，尤其是当你在思考和表达抽象概念时。
重要词汇和短语
以下是视频中一些有用的英语短语和词汇，附带中文解释，助你更好地理解和运用：
- mutter to yourself - (自言自语，低声抱怨) 指低声地跟自己说话，通常带着某种情绪。
- stigmatize this behavior - (污名化这种行为) 指给某种行为贴上负面标签，使其受人鄙视。
- engage in some form of self-talk - (进行某种形式的自我对话) 指参与到与自己对话的行为中。
- inner speech/dialogue - (内心独白/对话) 指在头脑中进行的无声的思考或对话。
- work through difficult situations - (解决困难情况) 指通过努力和思考来克服挑战或问题。
- instructional or motivational self-talk - (指导性或激励性自我对话) 指给予自己方向或鼓励的自我对话。
- regulate your emotions - (调节你的情绪) 指控制或调整自己的情绪状态。
- cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) - (认知行为疗法) 一种心理治疗方法，专注于改变负面思维模式。
本视频练习技巧
为了充分利用这个视频提升你的英语能力，以下是一些具体的跟读技巧建议：
- 语速：视频语速适中，发音清晰。建议你首先听懂每个句子，然后尝试模仿主播的语速和节奏。不必强求第一次就完全跟上，循序渐进地加快，这将有效提升你的英语流利度。
- 发音和语调：主播的发音练习非常标准且清晰。请特别注意单词的重音、句子的升降调以及连读。模仿这些细节能让你的英语听起来更自然。
- 话题难度：视频内容涉及心理学概念，属于中高级难度。对于雅思口语Part 3等需要讨论抽象话题的场景，这是一个很好的练习素材。你可以尝试总结视频观点，并用自己的话表达出来。
- 反思与应用：听完视频后，尝试用英语思考视频中提到的“积极自我对话”的例子，或用英语描述你今天遇到一个问题时，是如何进行“自我对话”来解决的。这将帮助你将所学词汇和概念融入日常生活，真正做到学以致用。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。