跟读练习: Is Organic Really Better? Healthy Food or Trendy Scam? - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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Over the last few years, organic food has spread like wildfire.
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Over the last few years, organic food has spread like wildfire.
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Despite higher prices, buying organic is turning from an alternative into a moral and social responsibility.
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Organic food is supposedly healthier more natural and more ethical.
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But what do we even mean when we say organic?
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There's no global consensus, so different regions have different definitions and rules.
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In general, organic food is farmed without GMO seeds, synthetic fertilizers, or synthetic pesticides.
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Instead, organic farmers use more traditional ways of producing food, like crop rotation, and use organic fertilizers such as compost or manure.
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While the motivation to buy organic food is clearly noble, is it actually effective or just another costly trend we can skip without feeling guilty?
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[Music] Is organic food healthier?
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One idea associated with organic crops is that their natural cultivation is supposed to make them more nutritious and healthier.
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Indeed, several studies found that organic foods contain more antioxidants.
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Plants produce them as a sort of homemade pesticide.
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Organic plants seem to have to work a little harder, while regular plants have plenty of help from humans.
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Antioxidants are believed to have some health benefits, although scientists are still on the fence about them in general.
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We have no idea if and how exactly they help us, or how much produce you'd have to eat to absorb a certain amount.
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What about organic being more nutritious?
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Well, the evidence is mixed.
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Some studies found that organic food can have slightly higher concentrations of vitamin C, and omega-3 fatty acids, while others did not find significant differences.
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Overall, the mixed evidence suggests that there are only small differences in nutritional value.
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So, from the science available so far, it doesn't look like organic food has significant health benefits.
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What we do know, is that eating fruit and veggies in general is good for you, and most of us don't do that enough.
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Eating veggies is more important for your health than how they were produced.
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Is organic food more natural?
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People don't only buy organic to get extra vitamins, but to avoid something toxic; artificial pesticides and fertilizers.
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And indeed several studies show that there actually is less pesticide residue on organic produce.
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But here's where things get complicated.
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Less pesticide does not mean none at all.
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While pesticides are supposed to be a last resort in organic farming, they're not forbidden.
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Most organic pesticides are natural toxins, like vegetable oils, hot ash soap, sulfur or copper sulfates.
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But there are synthetic substances as well.
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What's the difference between organic and regular pesticides?
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Not a lot actually.
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Organic pesticides are not necessarily safer than conventional ones.
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Toxic is toxic.
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No matter if the substance is manufactured, or derived from nature.
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In fact, in the case of copper sulfate, often used on organic apples, the organic pesticide of choice is actually more harmful to humans.
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The toxicity of any substance depends on its concentration and your exposure to it -- not if it's natural or not.
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There are a few recent studies about how our current level of pesticide exposure affects our long-term health.
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The 2018 study from France associated never eating organic food with a higher risk of certain cancers.
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The study was criticized a lot though.
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The participants reported their dietary habits themselves, while no actual tests of pesticide levels in their bodies were done.
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Complicating things even more, a Danish study from 2018 found that the danger from pesticides for an adult was similar to drinking a glass of wine every three months.
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The pesticides on your vegetables are nothing to lose sleep over.
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Despite this, we should continue to demand strict standards for our food.
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All pesticides are regulated and tested very strictly in the EU and the US.
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Every year, thousands of food samples are screened for pesticides.
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The majority of samples have no residues or just a fraction of the tolerance level.
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Right now, contamination from bacteria and fungi is much more dangerous.
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And, on this front, the risk is the same -- be it organic or regular food.
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Is organic food better for the environment?
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In 2017, a meta-analysis looked at organic farming in detail and analyzed organic and regular foods from over 700 production sources, and their impact on categories like greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption, and land needs.
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The result?
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No production method is clearly better for the environment.
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Organic systems use less energy than conventional ones, but have similar greenhouse gas emissions.
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Organic farms use less pesticide, but need much more land to produce the same amount of crop.
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These mixed results were also confirmed by a report from the Swedish food agency.
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Organic and regular were equal in most regards.
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The biggest difference was land use.
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And here conventional farming clearly won, and ecotoxicity where organic farming has a clear advantage.
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So, according to these results, conventional farming actually has a little bit less impact on the environment compared to organic.
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The bottom line is organic food isn't superior to regular produce as far as we know.
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But, organic agriculture also has an impact at a broader level.
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Demand is rising constantly, and the struggle to supply the market can lead to production methods that are less sustainable in other ways.
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Spain, for example, grows tons of regular and organic vegetables destined for export in vast greenhouse areas which use a lot of energy.
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And have other environmental impacts, such as significantly higher greenhouse gas emissions.
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And, because growing demand can't be covered by domestic production, the global trade and organic foods is also increasing.
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As supply chains get more and more complex, to make all kinds of foods available in organic quality, ensuring organic quality standards and regulations gets ever more difficult.
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This has led to incidences of fraud where conventional food was labeled and sold as expensive organic produce.
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But, organic versus conventional food isn't even an objective discussion.
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Organic is not simply a production method.
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For many, it's an ideology.
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Buying organic feels right.
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People want to do the correct thing for the health of their children, and the well-being of the planet.
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But, our instinct to think of organic as good, and conventional as bad, can get in the way of making the most reasonable decision.
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The solution could be to stop seeing organic and conventional farming as irreconcilable.
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They both have pros and cons, and the best way to produce healthy food efficiently would be a combination of their best features.
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And, as for your personal shopping, what food you should buy depends on what you expect from it.
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If you simply want to eat healthily, you should buy more fruit and vegies of any kind, not necessarily organic.
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If your concern is for the environment, then simply buying organic won't solve this problem for you.
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The easiest option, is to buy local food that's in season.
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Basically, seasonal is the true organic.
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To sum up, an organic label is a manufacturing notice, not a security certificate or a silver bullet for your diet.
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What you eat is much more important than how its produced.
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背景与背景信息
近年来，有机食品迅速普及，尽管价格更高，购买有机食品已逐渐成为一种道德和社会责任。许多人认为有机食品更健康、更自然且更具伦理性。然而，不同地区对“有机”的定义和标准并不一致。在一般情况下，有机食品是指未使用转基因种子、合成肥料或合成农药种植的农产品。有机农业侧重于使用传统的农业方法，如轮作和有机肥料（如堆肥或粪肥）。本视频探讨了有机食品的真正健康效益，以及我们是否真的需要为了道德选择而付出更高的代价。
日常交流中的五个重要短语
- Is organic food really better? 有机食品真的更好吗？
- There are mixed results on nutritional value. 关于营养价值的结果不一。
- Less pesticide does not mean none at all. 较少的农药并不意味着完全没有。
- Toxic is toxic. 有毒就是有毒。
- Eating fruits and veggies is good for you. 吃水果和蔬菜对你有益。
逐步影子跟读指南
要有效地提高英语口语能力并掌握“影子跟读”技巧，首先选择一段视频，像本视频一样，涵盖特定主题并附有丰富的信息。接下来，您可以采用以下步骤：
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- 反复跟读： 每段重复多次，直到您能够自然地流利发音为止。在这个过程中，可以尝试使用“英语影子跟读”技巧，通过反复聆听和模仿，提高口语能力。
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运用以上技巧，将帮助您在英语口语练习中取得更大的进步，提升自信心，尽享与他人交流的乐趣。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。