跟读练习: Materials Science—A Building Block for the Future of Aerospace Technologies - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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The main question I always get when I tell people what I do for a living is, "What is material science "and engineering?" When I was figuring out what I wanted to study in college, I learned this research area wasn't as well known as mechanical or aerospace engineering.
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The main question I always get when I tell people what I do for a living is, "What is material science "and engineering?" When I was figuring out what I wanted to study in college, I learned this research area wasn't as well known as mechanical or aerospace engineering.
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But material science and engineering permeates these disciplines, which is what made it special to me.
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Anything you can think of: metals, ceramics, plastics, even our own skin, is a material, and my job is to synthesize, develop, and find new ways to improve current materials for future applications.
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As Dr. Shyne mentioned earlier, NASA's Glenn Research Center has a rich history of materials advancement.
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Having a core competency of developing new materials, protection systems and structures for extreme environments.
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That means extreme temperatures, pressures, or very corrosive environments.
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As you can imagine, with our current goals of returning humans to the moon, and eventually on to Mars, advanced materials will be equally important in protecting the lives of our astronauts, Earth-based flight vehicles, and human life here on Earth.
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Unlike most who are inspired by what we do at NASA, it wasn't dreams of space or being an astronaut that steered me here.
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It was NASA's first "A," aeronautics, that got me excited about pursuing this career.
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I started college as a studio art major with no desire to go into any engineering field.
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But I knew I loved flying.
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I loved traveling.
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And I loved how flight made my world bigger and the rest of the world smaller.
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So when I changed my major to physics at Auburn University, I was left bewildered, not knowing exactly what future career I'd want.
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Then I came to NASA Glenn as an undergraduate intern, and I was able to work on aerogels, which are very unique, lightweight, highly insulative materials for thermal protection systems for vehicles like the Space Shuttle and other high-speed flight vehicles on Earth and in space.
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And at that time, it was like I had found the missing piece of the puzzle of figuring out what I wanted to achieve with my life.
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I wanted to work on advanced materials to protect human flight systems and Cleveland was where I needed to be to accomplish that goal.
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Once I started graduate school in Pennsylvania, I was awarded a graduate fellowship through NASA Glenn and I became an employee as a Pathways intern right before I defended my thesis.
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That aerogel research that set this once-inexperienced intern on the path to NASA was just one example of the vast amount of influential work accomplished at Glenn Research Center, and today, my team and I are continuing that tradition of innovative materials research in a number of ways.
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Some of our current research involves environmental barrier coatings which are used to protect gas turbine engine components from their corrosive environment.
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It's important to protect these components as our nation's next generation airplane engines will run at higher temperatures to improve fuel efficiency and reduce harmful emission products.
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Decades ago, the first generation of these coatings were developed right here at NASA Glenn in Cleveland.
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And now, my team and I are pushing state-of-the-art technology in current engines today.
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I'm excited to help develop coatings and lighter weight materials to help replace heavier metallic engine components.
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During engine operation, we investigate how these coatings and components fail, whether it's by corrosion caused by combustion products like water vapor, or by particle deposits caused by ingestion of desert sand or volcanic ash.
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We collaborate with commercial engine companies to qualify their materials for flight readiness in our testing rigs that can reach temperatures above 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit.
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But we also never forget the fundamentals of basic materials characterization and new materials discovery.
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On the space side, the "S" in NASA, we're investigating lunar dust mitigation strategies for structures on the moon and eventually on to Mars.
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The Apollo Missions taught us that one of the greatest challenges is how to remove very fine, highly charged dust particles from surface materials like solar panels, space suits, and helmet visors.
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Dust compromises the functional integrity of these materials, and so we must develop better removal technologies such as anti-adhesion coatings, brushes, or electric discharge techniques if we are to effectively live and work on other planetary bodies in our future I've highlighted just a few of the many technical achievements and challenges we face in our pursuit of pushing the limits of what we can accomplish, and NASA Glenn will continue to solve tomorrow's problems today.
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I am thrilled to be part of the Artemis generation, contributing to that rich tradition of innovation.
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Working here has been a singular experience for me, and I personally take pride in saying NASA is with you when you fly.
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Thank you. Whenever I say I work for NASA, people expect exciting tales of space.
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You won't get that from me.
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I'm here to talk about the first "A" in NASA, aeronautics.
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Growing up on a tropical island, it never occurred to me that icing on aircraft would be a problem when flying.
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There is no way I could have planned my trajectory into NASA and where I am today.
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Because I enjoyed math and got good grades in high school, many people suggested I study engineering in college.
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I didn't quite grasp what an engineering job looked like, but the salary was very appealing.
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So I enrolled in the electrical engineering program at my local university in Puerto Rico.
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I fell in love with engineering, and it fueled a desire in me to work in something impactful, although I wasn't sure how and where.
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To find some answers, I volunteered for every college activity I could.
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I pestered my professors for research opportunities.
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I joined professional student organizations like the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers.
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Through my involvement with IEEE, I met a student who had an internship at NASA's Johnson Space Center.
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I was mind blown.
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Someone in Puerto Rico at my college in my major worked for NASA?
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That's when I first believed that maybe I could, too.
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I applied to every NASA position I could find until I got that one, life-changing call.
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I interviewed for four positions over the phone, and that's when I first heard of the Icing Research Tunnel, known as the IRT, located at NASA's Glenn Research Center.
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I learned that during World War II, the allies delivering supplies flying over the Himalayas were losing more aircraft due to icing than to enemy fire.
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Because of the need to safely study this problem in a controlled environment, the IRT became operational almost 80 years ago.
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This wind tunnel helped create the blueprint for simulating atmospheric conditions that planes encounter in flight.
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Today, the IRT runs tests for both commercial and government entities on models of airplane wings, engine inlets, rotors, and unmanned vehicles.
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Using their closed-loop wind tunnel, they can create clouds, like the ones we see out the plane window when taking off or landing.
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The IRT has three main components to achieve a cloud: A 26-foot tall fan to provide air speed, a heat exchanger and their own refrigeration plant to produce temperatures as cold as -40 degrees Celsius, and an array of spray bars and nozzles that shoot out deionized water.
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Customers come to NASA Glenn to learn what type of ice formation grows on their models and to test their anti-icing and de-icing methods to get certified.
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The IRT has its own research branch, too.
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They are dedicated to furthering our understanding of aircraft icing and help create technologies that predict ice formations.
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All this keeps aircraft and people safe when they fly.
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Now after learning all that during my interview, I was hooked.
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I realized that working in flight safety perfectly matched my desire to do something impactful, so I gave the interview my all, and it worked.
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I was selected for NASA's Pathways Internship Program, getting paid work experience at the IRT.
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After my internship, I went back home and graduated from the Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico.
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I was offered a position at NASA's Glenn Research Center, assigned again to the Icing Research Tunnel, and I've been there ever since.
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As an electrical test and facility engineer, I tackle many disciplines-- controls, data acquisition, instrumentation, calibration, power, and what I think is the most fun of all, troubleshooting.
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Whenever the IRT experiences an issue during testing, we have to think fast and fix it as soon as possible so that the customer can achieve what they set out to do with their test.
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Every test is unique, making every test entry a new challenge.
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Because the IRT is part of the original six facilities Carlos mentioned, upgrading components is vital to keep up with the demands of a new aircraft era.
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This is a passion of mine.
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I love to walk around the facility with our technicians and identify systems that can be made to work more efficiently with new equipment or expanded to add a new capability.
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We collaborate and create a design, and together, we bring the IRT into the modern age and prepare it for future demands.
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My love for all disciplines within electrical engineering landed me in the right place.
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At NASA Glenn, I learn something new every day and work with team members of many talents, backgrounds, and disciplines.
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They really have become like family to me.
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I've met and collaborated with brilliant minds in calibration, safety, maintenance, research, and facility work.
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Whenever I get on an airplane now, I think of them and feel safer when I fly.
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As part of the IRT team, I am honored to contribute to that effort for others.
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I am so excited about the future of flight and being part of the Artemis generation.
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Thank you.
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背景与上下文
在这段视频中，演讲者分享了他在材料科学与工程领域的职业经历，以及这一领域在航空航天技术中的重要性。虽然材料科学不如机械或航空航天工程那么广为人知，但其对这些学科的影响无处不在。他的工作主要围绕合成、开发以及改善材料，以适应未来的应用，特别是在太空探索中对人类的保护。
日常交流的五个常用短语
- 材料科学与工程 - 什么是材料科学与工程？
- 极端环境 - 处理极端温度、压力及腐蚀环境。
- 未来应用 - 发展新材料以应对未来的挑战。
- 飞行系统 - 保护人类飞行系统的先进材料开发。
- 创新研究 - 继续推行创新材料研究传统。
逐步影子跟读指南
为了更好地理解和掌握这段视频中的英语内容，建议采用以下步骤进行英语影子跟读练习：
- 第一步：先仔细观看视频并阅读相关的转录文本，了解演讲者的主题和目的。
- 第二步：选择视频中您感兴趣的句子和短语，如上面的五个常用短语，记录下来。
- 第三步：逐句跟读。使用shadow speech技巧，先听一遍，然后重复说出相同的句子。这将帮助您提高语音和语调的流利度。
- 第四步：多次练习，确保在跟读时尽量模仿演讲者的语调和节奏，以增强您的英语口语练习能力。
- 第五步：最后，尝试不看文本自行复述视频的内容，以增强记忆和提高表达能力。
通过以上的步骤，学习者能够在雅思口语练习中借助此视频提升自己的英语口语能力，同时也逐步克服口语表达中的障碍，获取更大的信心。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。